RASMUSSEN PATHO UPDATED EVALUATION TEST
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔BPH (BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA): SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? -
✔✔Hesitancy (difficulty initiating a stream), decreased strecam or dribbling. urinary
retention, obstruction to flow, internuption of the stream, infection caused by retention
✔✔AMENORRHEA: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Absence or suppression of menstruation in
females age 16 or older, if female misses or more periods in a row
PRIMARY - failure to begin menses by age 16
SECONDARY - cessation of established, regular menstruation for 6 months or longer
✔✔AMENORRHEA: CAUSES ? - ✔✔Usually due to abnormal pattern of hormonal
functioning which causes interruption of normal sequence of events of endometrial
tissue lining the uteras proliferating and sloughing
✔✔CRYPTORCHIDISM: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔"Hidden testis"; is when the testicle or
testes are not in the scrotum and are considered to be in an extrascrotal position
✔✔CRYPTORCHIDISM: CAUSE? - ✔✔Unknown
✔✔CRYPTORCHIDISM: CAN CAUSE IF LEFT UNTREATED? - ✔✔Infertility,
Increased risk of testicular malignancy. tubes can become fibrotic, deficiency of
spermatogenesis
✔✔CRYPTORCHIDISM: TREATMENT ? - ✔✔surgery to bring testes into normal
scrotal position; also known as an orchiopexy
✔✔GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Inflammation of the glomeruli
✔✔GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔coffee colored urine,
proteinuria, oliguria and azotemia (high level of nitrogen compouunds in blood), edema,
and hypertension.
✔✔GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: TREATMENT ? - ✔✔Dietary and fluid management,
management of systemic and renal bypertension
✔✔HYDRONEPHROSIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Enlarged kidney
✔✔CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Progressive process, results from
chronic kidney disease, is the irrevocable loss of functional nephrons
, ✔✔CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE: SIGNS SYMPTONS ? - ✔✔Headaches, edema,
decreased ability to concentrate urine, polyuria turns into oliguria, increased BUN and
serum creatine, GFR progressively decreases from 90 to 30 ml min, mild anemia, high
blood pressure, weakness and fatigue
✔✔CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE: TREATMENT ? - ✔✔Dialysis; used in stage 5 CKD to
remove metabolic wastes and correct fluid and electrolyte abnormalities
Hemodialysis - 3X/week, AV fistula Peritoneal
Dialysis - peritoneum serves as the dialyzing membrane, access is a dialysis catheter
surgically placed in the abdomen; can be done at home
Continuous renal replacement therapy (CVVH) - done in the hospital through a central
line
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔inflammation of the kidneys caused by
infection; usually caused by E. Coli
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: CAUSES? - ✔✔due to ascending urinary tract infection
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: RISK FACTORS? - ✔✔pregnancy, diabetes mellitus,
anatomical abnormalities, and obstructions
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: SIGNS SYMPTOMS? - ✔✔-CVA tendemess, fever, chills, n/v,
anorexia, fever induced dehydration
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: TREATMENT? - ✔✔usually 7-10 days of antibioties
✔✔ APPENDICITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Inflammation of the vermiform appendix
✔✔APPENDICITIS: CAUSES? - ✔✔Commonly caused by obstruction of appendiceal
lumen by a fecalith (a stone made of feces)
✔✔APPENDICITIS: WHO IS AT RISK? - ✔✔People under 45 with the peak ages being
10-19 years old; it affects more men than women
✔✔APPENDICITIS: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS- - ✔✔Right lower abdominal pain, nausea,
occasionally diarrhea
✔✔PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Disorder of the upper GI tract by
action of hydrochloric acid and pesin
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔BPH (BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA): SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? -
✔✔Hesitancy (difficulty initiating a stream), decreased strecam or dribbling. urinary
retention, obstruction to flow, internuption of the stream, infection caused by retention
✔✔AMENORRHEA: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Absence or suppression of menstruation in
females age 16 or older, if female misses or more periods in a row
PRIMARY - failure to begin menses by age 16
SECONDARY - cessation of established, regular menstruation for 6 months or longer
✔✔AMENORRHEA: CAUSES ? - ✔✔Usually due to abnormal pattern of hormonal
functioning which causes interruption of normal sequence of events of endometrial
tissue lining the uteras proliferating and sloughing
✔✔CRYPTORCHIDISM: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔"Hidden testis"; is when the testicle or
testes are not in the scrotum and are considered to be in an extrascrotal position
✔✔CRYPTORCHIDISM: CAUSE? - ✔✔Unknown
✔✔CRYPTORCHIDISM: CAN CAUSE IF LEFT UNTREATED? - ✔✔Infertility,
Increased risk of testicular malignancy. tubes can become fibrotic, deficiency of
spermatogenesis
✔✔CRYPTORCHIDISM: TREATMENT ? - ✔✔surgery to bring testes into normal
scrotal position; also known as an orchiopexy
✔✔GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Inflammation of the glomeruli
✔✔GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔coffee colored urine,
proteinuria, oliguria and azotemia (high level of nitrogen compouunds in blood), edema,
and hypertension.
✔✔GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: TREATMENT ? - ✔✔Dietary and fluid management,
management of systemic and renal bypertension
✔✔HYDRONEPHROSIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Enlarged kidney
✔✔CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Progressive process, results from
chronic kidney disease, is the irrevocable loss of functional nephrons
, ✔✔CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE: SIGNS SYMPTONS ? - ✔✔Headaches, edema,
decreased ability to concentrate urine, polyuria turns into oliguria, increased BUN and
serum creatine, GFR progressively decreases from 90 to 30 ml min, mild anemia, high
blood pressure, weakness and fatigue
✔✔CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE: TREATMENT ? - ✔✔Dialysis; used in stage 5 CKD to
remove metabolic wastes and correct fluid and electrolyte abnormalities
Hemodialysis - 3X/week, AV fistula Peritoneal
Dialysis - peritoneum serves as the dialyzing membrane, access is a dialysis catheter
surgically placed in the abdomen; can be done at home
Continuous renal replacement therapy (CVVH) - done in the hospital through a central
line
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔inflammation of the kidneys caused by
infection; usually caused by E. Coli
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: CAUSES? - ✔✔due to ascending urinary tract infection
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: RISK FACTORS? - ✔✔pregnancy, diabetes mellitus,
anatomical abnormalities, and obstructions
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: SIGNS SYMPTOMS? - ✔✔-CVA tendemess, fever, chills, n/v,
anorexia, fever induced dehydration
✔✔PYELONEPHRITIS: TREATMENT? - ✔✔usually 7-10 days of antibioties
✔✔ APPENDICITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Inflammation of the vermiform appendix
✔✔APPENDICITIS: CAUSES? - ✔✔Commonly caused by obstruction of appendiceal
lumen by a fecalith (a stone made of feces)
✔✔APPENDICITIS: WHO IS AT RISK? - ✔✔People under 45 with the peak ages being
10-19 years old; it affects more men than women
✔✔APPENDICITIS: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS- - ✔✔Right lower abdominal pain, nausea,
occasionally diarrhea
✔✔PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Disorder of the upper GI tract by
action of hydrochloric acid and pesin
