RASMUSSEN PATHO UPDATED COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔HEPATITIS: Hep A- SIGNS/SYMPTOMS: - ✔✔spread by fecal oral route; most
adults develop jaundice
SIGNS/SYMPTOMS: malaise, anorexia, nausea, low grade fever, and right upper
quadrant pain
✔✔HEPATITIS: Hep B - SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Spread by parental contact with
infected body fluids
SIGNS/SYMPTOMS - can have no symptoms to moderate illness to fulminant hepatitis;
major risk factor for hepatocellular cancer
✔✔Hepatitis - Hep C - SIGNS & SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Hep C- spread through blood and
blood product; major risk factor for hepatocellular cancer
✔✔HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Most common form of liver
cancer, usually occurs in patients with underlying chronic liver disease and cinhosis
✔✔HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: SIGNS SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Weight loss, upper
abdominal pain, jaundice, anorexia
✔✔HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: TREATMENT- - ✔✔surgery, transplant,
freezing or heating the cancer cells, and chemotherapy
✔✔GASTRIC CARCINOMA: WHAT IS IT?- - ✔✔Cancer of the stomach
✔✔GASTRIC CARCINOMA: RISK FACTORS? - ✔✔Smoking, diets low in fruits and
vegetables, and twice the risk if H. Pylori is found in stomach
✔✔GASTRIC CARCINOMA: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS - ✔✔no carly signs or symptoms
Later symptoms: anorexia, weight loss, and GI bleeding; hidden blood in stool (ocult)
and anemia
✔✔GASTROENTERITIS: WHAT IS IT?- - ✔✔Inflammation of the stomach and small
intestine; can be acute or chronic
✔✔GASTROENTERITIS: CHRONIC ? - ✔✔Usually due to primary inflammatory
disease such as crohns disease
, ✔✔GASTROENTERITIS: ACUTE ? - ✔✔ACUTE- Commonly due to direct infection
such as salmonella from raw or undercooked chicken or eggs
✔✔GASTROENTERITIS: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Diarhea, abdominal discomfort,
pain, nausea, and vomiting
✔✔GASTRITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Inflammation of the stomach lining
✔✔GASTRITIS: CAUSES? - ✔✔Acute is caused by ingestion of toxins like alcohol,
aspirin, or other imitating substances
Can also be caused by viral, bacterial, or autoimmune disease
✔✔GASTRITIS: SIGNS SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and
postprandial discomfort
Occasional hematemesis due to mucosal damage
✔✔HIRSCHSPR UNG DISEASE: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Congenital disorder of large
intestine- inadequate innervation of colon; with absent autonomic nerve ganglia in
smooth muscle or very reduced if present
✔✔HIRSCHSPR UNG DISEASE: CAUSES? - ✔✔Genetic mutation; Cause unknown
✔✔HIRSCHSPR UNG DISEASE: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔no bowel movement
within 48 hours in a newborn, swollen belly, gas, failure to thrive, fatigue, vomiting,
chronie constipation, or diarrhea in children
✔✔VESICOURETERAL REFLUX: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Reflux of urine from the bladder to
ureter and renal pelvis; urine is allowed to flow backwards into the ureters and possibly
into the kidneys
✔✔VESICOURETERAL REFLUX: TREATMENT? - ✔✔About 80% of cases resolve
spontaneously as a child grows, conservative treatment is management of cystitis with
antibiotics, sometimes continuously
Enuresis
✔✔PROSTATITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Inflammation of the prostate
✔✔PROSTATITIS: CAUSES? - ✔✔Acute bacterial infections, chronic bacterial
infection, non-bacterial (most common)
✔✔CYSTITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔inflammation of the bladder lining
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔HEPATITIS: Hep A- SIGNS/SYMPTOMS: - ✔✔spread by fecal oral route; most
adults develop jaundice
SIGNS/SYMPTOMS: malaise, anorexia, nausea, low grade fever, and right upper
quadrant pain
✔✔HEPATITIS: Hep B - SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Spread by parental contact with
infected body fluids
SIGNS/SYMPTOMS - can have no symptoms to moderate illness to fulminant hepatitis;
major risk factor for hepatocellular cancer
✔✔Hepatitis - Hep C - SIGNS & SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Hep C- spread through blood and
blood product; major risk factor for hepatocellular cancer
✔✔HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Most common form of liver
cancer, usually occurs in patients with underlying chronic liver disease and cinhosis
✔✔HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: SIGNS SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Weight loss, upper
abdominal pain, jaundice, anorexia
✔✔HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: TREATMENT- - ✔✔surgery, transplant,
freezing or heating the cancer cells, and chemotherapy
✔✔GASTRIC CARCINOMA: WHAT IS IT?- - ✔✔Cancer of the stomach
✔✔GASTRIC CARCINOMA: RISK FACTORS? - ✔✔Smoking, diets low in fruits and
vegetables, and twice the risk if H. Pylori is found in stomach
✔✔GASTRIC CARCINOMA: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS - ✔✔no carly signs or symptoms
Later symptoms: anorexia, weight loss, and GI bleeding; hidden blood in stool (ocult)
and anemia
✔✔GASTROENTERITIS: WHAT IS IT?- - ✔✔Inflammation of the stomach and small
intestine; can be acute or chronic
✔✔GASTROENTERITIS: CHRONIC ? - ✔✔Usually due to primary inflammatory
disease such as crohns disease
, ✔✔GASTROENTERITIS: ACUTE ? - ✔✔ACUTE- Commonly due to direct infection
such as salmonella from raw or undercooked chicken or eggs
✔✔GASTROENTERITIS: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Diarhea, abdominal discomfort,
pain, nausea, and vomiting
✔✔GASTRITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Inflammation of the stomach lining
✔✔GASTRITIS: CAUSES? - ✔✔Acute is caused by ingestion of toxins like alcohol,
aspirin, or other imitating substances
Can also be caused by viral, bacterial, or autoimmune disease
✔✔GASTRITIS: SIGNS SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and
postprandial discomfort
Occasional hematemesis due to mucosal damage
✔✔HIRSCHSPR UNG DISEASE: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Congenital disorder of large
intestine- inadequate innervation of colon; with absent autonomic nerve ganglia in
smooth muscle or very reduced if present
✔✔HIRSCHSPR UNG DISEASE: CAUSES? - ✔✔Genetic mutation; Cause unknown
✔✔HIRSCHSPR UNG DISEASE: SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ? - ✔✔no bowel movement
within 48 hours in a newborn, swollen belly, gas, failure to thrive, fatigue, vomiting,
chronie constipation, or diarrhea in children
✔✔VESICOURETERAL REFLUX: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Reflux of urine from the bladder to
ureter and renal pelvis; urine is allowed to flow backwards into the ureters and possibly
into the kidneys
✔✔VESICOURETERAL REFLUX: TREATMENT? - ✔✔About 80% of cases resolve
spontaneously as a child grows, conservative treatment is management of cystitis with
antibiotics, sometimes continuously
Enuresis
✔✔PROSTATITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔Inflammation of the prostate
✔✔PROSTATITIS: CAUSES? - ✔✔Acute bacterial infections, chronic bacterial
infection, non-bacterial (most common)
✔✔CYSTITIS: WHAT IS IT? - ✔✔inflammation of the bladder lining
