ISCD Bone Densitometry Course || All Solved Correctly.
absorptiometry correct answers a method for measuring bone mineral density using the
attenuation of x-ray or gamma radiation
accuracy correct answers the degree to which a measurement value estimates the actual value of
the quantity being measured. presented as a percentage or absolute difference
Actonel correct answers the trade name for the biphosphonate risedronate, which is
manufactured by Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals. it is approved for the prevention and
treatment of osteoporosis in women and treatment of osteoporosis in men
adrenal hormones correct answers naturally occurring hormones manufactured and released by
the adrenal glands
age-matched correct answers a comparison of the patient's BMD to a reference population of the
same age and sex as the patient
air ratio correct answers a value derived from the Quality Assurance procedure which indicates
the quotient of the air value at 70 keV divided by the air value at 38 keV for the scan table
alendronate correct answers the chemical name for the biphosphonate Fosamax, manufactured by
Merck and Company. it is approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women
and (just) treatment of osteoporosis in men
alkaline phosphatase correct answers an enzyme produced by cells in several tissues, but
predominantly bone and liver. the bone specific form is produced by osteoblasts and is measured
as a biochemical marker of bone formation
amenorrhea correct answers absence of menstruation in a women during the reproductive years
androgen correct answers a group of hormones that primarily influence the growth and
development of the male reproductive system
anorexia nervosa correct answers an eating disorder characterized by extremely low body weight
and a body image distortion
application correct answers a set of instructions or a program that performs work unrelated to the
actual operation of a computer itself. the programs that operate bone densitometers and analyze
the data are applications
archiving correct answers saving scan images to another drive or media
aromatase inhibitors correct answers a group of drugs that inhibit the final step in estrogen
synthesis. they act on an enzyme (aromatase) needed to make estrogen
,array detector correct answers a grid or series of discrete solid state electronics capable of
covering x-rays into electronic pulses
arthritis correct answers a medical condition involving damage to the joints which leads to pain.
two most common types: osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
background counts correct answers a measurement of environmental radiation, including leakage
from the x-ray source, taken during the system's Quality Assurance procedures and obtained
while the source is occluded by the lead shutter
back up file correct answers a copy of the data and other computer information. a back up is
done to protect the data and information in case of a loss of the original files
biconcave fracture correct answers a vertebral fracture where the top and bottom endplates
collapse in the middle leaving the posterior and anterior edges with less height loss
biphosphonates correct answers a group of drugs that are similar to the naturally occurring ion
pyrophosphate
body composition correct answers the process of dividing body weight into compartments,
typically bone, lean tissue, fat tissue. often reported in either grams or percentage
bone area correct answers the bone projection area measured in units of centimeters (SPA) or
centimeter squared (DPA or DXA) by a densitometer
bone biopsy correct answers a specimen of bone is extracted for microscopic examination, often
confirming the presence of infection or neoplasm. two techniques of extracting: 1) needle
(closed) and 2) incision (open)
bone formation correct answers that part of the bone-remodeling cycle in which osteoblasts
synthesize a protein matrix of fibers upon which crystals of calcium and phosphorus are
embedded during mineralization to provide strength and rigidity
bone turnover markers correct answers these are proteins produced by osteoblasts (eg
osteocalcin, bone=specific alkaline phosphatase) and correlate with bone formation or
osteoclasts (eg N-Teleopeptide of type 1 collagen, C-teleopeptide of type 1 collagen) and
correlate with bone resorption
bone mineral content (BMC) correct answers the measured amount of mineral in grams
determined by absorptiometry
bone mineral density (BMD) correct answers the amount of mass per square centimeter of bone
measured by a densitometer
bone remodeling correct answers the cyclic process of bone breakdown and formation that is
responsible for maintenance, and repair of bone tissue and maintenance of calcium homeostasis
, bone remodeling unit (BMU) correct answers a group of cells (osteoclasts and osteoblasts) that
create one new packet of bone. in normal trabecular bone approximately 900 BMU are activated
each day, while cortical bone approximately 180 BMU will be activated daily
bone resorption correct answers the process by which the body degrades bone. osteoporosis can
be resultant of resorption activity exceeding bone formation
bone turnover correct answers the metabolic, cyclic process of bone formation and resorption
Boniva correct answers the trade name of a biphosphonate, ibandronate manufactured by Roche.
it is approved for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
broker correct answers a computer that converts one type of data from a source computer into a
version suitable for use by another. it is the electronic version of a translator
BUA correct answers broadband ultrasound attenuation; a parameter measured by quantitative
ultrasound, it quantifies the energy lost from the sound wave as it passes through bone
bulimia correct answers an eating disorder characterized by the consumption of unusually large
quantities of food, followed by self-induced vomiting or using laxatives to purge the food from
the body
calcifediol correct answers the 25-hydroxylated form of vitamin D [25(OH)D] as converted in
the liver
Calcimar correct answers Rhone-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals' injectable prescription form of
salmon calcitonin, which is approved by the FDA for the treatment of osteoporosis
calcitonin correct answers a hormone produced in the thyroid gland that inhibits bone resorption.
synthetic calcitonin from salmon is used in the treatment of osteoporosis
Calcitriol correct answers another name for 1,25 dihydroxy-vitamin D3, a form of vitamin D
produced in the kidneys
calcium carbonate correct answers a naturally occurring form of calcium, which is commonly
used in calcium supplements. oyster shell calcium is a form of calcium carbonate. Tums, OsCal,
Caltrate are brands of calcium carbonate. elemental calcium is 40% of calcium carbonate
calcium citrate correct answers a man-made form of calcium used in calcium supplements such
as Citracal. elemental calcium is 21% of calcium citrate
calcium phosphate correct answers a type of calcium that occurs naturally in milk. it is also used
in calcium supplements, such as Posture. elemental calcium is 38% of calcium phosphate
absorptiometry correct answers a method for measuring bone mineral density using the
attenuation of x-ray or gamma radiation
accuracy correct answers the degree to which a measurement value estimates the actual value of
the quantity being measured. presented as a percentage or absolute difference
Actonel correct answers the trade name for the biphosphonate risedronate, which is
manufactured by Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals. it is approved for the prevention and
treatment of osteoporosis in women and treatment of osteoporosis in men
adrenal hormones correct answers naturally occurring hormones manufactured and released by
the adrenal glands
age-matched correct answers a comparison of the patient's BMD to a reference population of the
same age and sex as the patient
air ratio correct answers a value derived from the Quality Assurance procedure which indicates
the quotient of the air value at 70 keV divided by the air value at 38 keV for the scan table
alendronate correct answers the chemical name for the biphosphonate Fosamax, manufactured by
Merck and Company. it is approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women
and (just) treatment of osteoporosis in men
alkaline phosphatase correct answers an enzyme produced by cells in several tissues, but
predominantly bone and liver. the bone specific form is produced by osteoblasts and is measured
as a biochemical marker of bone formation
amenorrhea correct answers absence of menstruation in a women during the reproductive years
androgen correct answers a group of hormones that primarily influence the growth and
development of the male reproductive system
anorexia nervosa correct answers an eating disorder characterized by extremely low body weight
and a body image distortion
application correct answers a set of instructions or a program that performs work unrelated to the
actual operation of a computer itself. the programs that operate bone densitometers and analyze
the data are applications
archiving correct answers saving scan images to another drive or media
aromatase inhibitors correct answers a group of drugs that inhibit the final step in estrogen
synthesis. they act on an enzyme (aromatase) needed to make estrogen
,array detector correct answers a grid or series of discrete solid state electronics capable of
covering x-rays into electronic pulses
arthritis correct answers a medical condition involving damage to the joints which leads to pain.
two most common types: osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
background counts correct answers a measurement of environmental radiation, including leakage
from the x-ray source, taken during the system's Quality Assurance procedures and obtained
while the source is occluded by the lead shutter
back up file correct answers a copy of the data and other computer information. a back up is
done to protect the data and information in case of a loss of the original files
biconcave fracture correct answers a vertebral fracture where the top and bottom endplates
collapse in the middle leaving the posterior and anterior edges with less height loss
biphosphonates correct answers a group of drugs that are similar to the naturally occurring ion
pyrophosphate
body composition correct answers the process of dividing body weight into compartments,
typically bone, lean tissue, fat tissue. often reported in either grams or percentage
bone area correct answers the bone projection area measured in units of centimeters (SPA) or
centimeter squared (DPA or DXA) by a densitometer
bone biopsy correct answers a specimen of bone is extracted for microscopic examination, often
confirming the presence of infection or neoplasm. two techniques of extracting: 1) needle
(closed) and 2) incision (open)
bone formation correct answers that part of the bone-remodeling cycle in which osteoblasts
synthesize a protein matrix of fibers upon which crystals of calcium and phosphorus are
embedded during mineralization to provide strength and rigidity
bone turnover markers correct answers these are proteins produced by osteoblasts (eg
osteocalcin, bone=specific alkaline phosphatase) and correlate with bone formation or
osteoclasts (eg N-Teleopeptide of type 1 collagen, C-teleopeptide of type 1 collagen) and
correlate with bone resorption
bone mineral content (BMC) correct answers the measured amount of mineral in grams
determined by absorptiometry
bone mineral density (BMD) correct answers the amount of mass per square centimeter of bone
measured by a densitometer
bone remodeling correct answers the cyclic process of bone breakdown and formation that is
responsible for maintenance, and repair of bone tissue and maintenance of calcium homeostasis
, bone remodeling unit (BMU) correct answers a group of cells (osteoclasts and osteoblasts) that
create one new packet of bone. in normal trabecular bone approximately 900 BMU are activated
each day, while cortical bone approximately 180 BMU will be activated daily
bone resorption correct answers the process by which the body degrades bone. osteoporosis can
be resultant of resorption activity exceeding bone formation
bone turnover correct answers the metabolic, cyclic process of bone formation and resorption
Boniva correct answers the trade name of a biphosphonate, ibandronate manufactured by Roche.
it is approved for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
broker correct answers a computer that converts one type of data from a source computer into a
version suitable for use by another. it is the electronic version of a translator
BUA correct answers broadband ultrasound attenuation; a parameter measured by quantitative
ultrasound, it quantifies the energy lost from the sound wave as it passes through bone
bulimia correct answers an eating disorder characterized by the consumption of unusually large
quantities of food, followed by self-induced vomiting or using laxatives to purge the food from
the body
calcifediol correct answers the 25-hydroxylated form of vitamin D [25(OH)D] as converted in
the liver
Calcimar correct answers Rhone-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals' injectable prescription form of
salmon calcitonin, which is approved by the FDA for the treatment of osteoporosis
calcitonin correct answers a hormone produced in the thyroid gland that inhibits bone resorption.
synthetic calcitonin from salmon is used in the treatment of osteoporosis
Calcitriol correct answers another name for 1,25 dihydroxy-vitamin D3, a form of vitamin D
produced in the kidneys
calcium carbonate correct answers a naturally occurring form of calcium, which is commonly
used in calcium supplements. oyster shell calcium is a form of calcium carbonate. Tums, OsCal,
Caltrate are brands of calcium carbonate. elemental calcium is 40% of calcium carbonate
calcium citrate correct answers a man-made form of calcium used in calcium supplements such
as Citracal. elemental calcium is 21% of calcium citrate
calcium phosphate correct answers a type of calcium that occurs naturally in milk. it is also used
in calcium supplements, such as Posture. elemental calcium is 38% of calcium phosphate
