MCAT BIOLOGY CONTENT REVIEW |
COMPLETE MCAT BIO PREP
Muscle cells will have increased amounts of which organelles? - answer ✔✔-Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum and mitochondria
-Muscles contain sarcoplasmic reticulum, a modified endoplasmic reticulum that helps store calcium.
- Sarcoplasmic reticulum is modified smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Muscle cells contain more mitochondria (for energy) and - smooth endoplasmic reticulum (for efficient
contractions) than other cells of the body.
Inclusion cell disease is a congenital condition that comes from the lack of a single protein. On an
intracellular level, proteins meant for the lysosome are sent to the extracellular space. Considering this
phenotype, which organelle is most directly affected by the missing protein? - answer ✔✔-The Golgi
Apparatus is responsible for "tagging" proteins to the appropriate location. Patients with I cell disease
are missing an important Golgi protein that tells other proteins to go to the lysosome.
The function of which cellular structure would be least affected by a malfunctioning Golgi apparatus? -
answer ✔✔-The function of the endoplasmic reticulum occurs before the proteins reach the Golgi, so it
would be the least affected of the choices above.
What cellular process would you expect to immediately disrupt if you added a protein that
depolymerized microtubules? - answer ✔✔--.Microtubules are the largest member (in diameter) of the
molecules that form the cytoskeleton
- Microtubules are involved in cell structure and motility.
-Microtubules can be found in mitotic spindles, and so adding a protein that cleaved microtubules to a
cell would most immediately halt mitosis.
COMPLETE MCAT BIO PREP
Muscle cells will have increased amounts of which organelles? - answer ✔✔-Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum and mitochondria
-Muscles contain sarcoplasmic reticulum, a modified endoplasmic reticulum that helps store calcium.
- Sarcoplasmic reticulum is modified smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Muscle cells contain more mitochondria (for energy) and - smooth endoplasmic reticulum (for efficient
contractions) than other cells of the body.
Inclusion cell disease is a congenital condition that comes from the lack of a single protein. On an
intracellular level, proteins meant for the lysosome are sent to the extracellular space. Considering this
phenotype, which organelle is most directly affected by the missing protein? - answer ✔✔-The Golgi
Apparatus is responsible for "tagging" proteins to the appropriate location. Patients with I cell disease
are missing an important Golgi protein that tells other proteins to go to the lysosome.
The function of which cellular structure would be least affected by a malfunctioning Golgi apparatus? -
answer ✔✔-The function of the endoplasmic reticulum occurs before the proteins reach the Golgi, so it
would be the least affected of the choices above.
What cellular process would you expect to immediately disrupt if you added a protein that
depolymerized microtubules? - answer ✔✔--.Microtubules are the largest member (in diameter) of the
molecules that form the cytoskeleton
- Microtubules are involved in cell structure and motility.
-Microtubules can be found in mitotic spindles, and so adding a protein that cleaved microtubules to a
cell would most immediately halt mitosis.
