NR565 Advanced Pharmacology: Midterm Study Guide
Question and answers 100% correct 2025/2026
1. State Laws Im-
pact on The regulation of prescriptive authority is under the jurisdiction of a
Prescrip- tive health profes- sional board. This may be the State Board of Nursing, the
Authority State Board of Medicine, or the State Board of Pharmacy, as determined
by each state. Although the federal government controls drug regulation,
2. Full Practice it has no control over prescriptive authority.
Au- thority
In a full practice environment, NPs can conduct client evaluations, diagnose,
order, and interpret diagnostic tests, and initiate and manage
treatments, including prescribing medications and controlled
3. Nurse
Practition- er substances. This level of practice occurs under the state board of
Role: Prescrip- nursing's exclusive licensure and is the preferred model by leading
tive Authority national nursing and medical organizations.
-Prescriptive authority for nurse practitioners regulates prescribing rights
beyond medications and controlled substances. These rights include
therapeutic devices and services and are outlined in state practice laws
and regulations and include durable medical equipment (DME) such as
wheelchairs, power scooters, hospital beds, portable oxygen
equipment, handicap placards, etc., and medical services such as
physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), home health services,
4. Metabolic influ-
ences on drug etc.
administration -Prescriptive authority encompasses more than writing a prescription
correctly. It requires adherence to ethical guidelines to ensure that
patients are safeguarded from harm. Ethical prescribing starts with being
well-informed about medications. Appropriate selection, dosing, and
duration of pharmaceutical agents are key to maximizing outcomes and
minimizing adverse ettects.
-Age
-Induction and inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzymes (P450)
-First-pass ettect:
-Nutritional status
,-Competition between drugs
5. Kidney disease can reduce drug excretion, causing drugs to
accumulate in the body. If the dosage is not lowered, drugs may
accumulate to toxic levels. Accord-
, NR565 Advanced Pharmacology: Midterm Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_foclpa
Renal Disease ingly, if a patient is taking a drug that is eliminated by the kidneys, and if
Impact on renal function declines, the dosage must be decreased.
Phar-
macodynamics
Generic vs Generic drugs are chemically identical to their brand-name counterparts
Brand but are
Name typically less expensive. Brand-name drugs are marketed under a
proprietary
name and often have higher costs due to research, development, and
marketing
expenses. Generic drugs must meet the same standards for quality,
safety, and
eflcacy as the brand-name drugs.
Duration of Ther- This refers to the length of time a medication should be taken to
ettectively
apy treat a condition. It's important to follow prescribed durations to ensure
that the
medication works as intended and to prevent issues such as drug
resistance or
relapse of the condition.
Role of Formula- Formularies are lists of medications that are preferred and covered by a
particular
ries health insurance plan or healthcare system. They are designed to guide
prescrib-
ing practices by promoting cost-ettective treatments while ensuring that
ettective
and safe medications are available.
Blood Flow Im- Drugs are absorbed most rapidly from sites where blood flow is high
because
pact on Absorp- blood containing a newly absorbed drug will be replaced rapidly by
drug-free
tion blood, thereby maintaining a large gradient between the concentration of
, drug
outside the blood and the concentration of drug in the blood. The greater
the
concentration gradient, the more rapid absorption will be.
Bioavailability- Bioavailability = the amount of an active drug that reaches the systemic
circula-
and Variable tion from its site of administration.
Drug Responses - Ditterent formulations of the same drug can vary in bioavailability.
Factors such
as tablet disintegration time, enteric coatings, and sustained-release
formulations
can alter bioavailability and thereby make drug responses variable.
- Ditterences in bioavailability occur primarily with oral preparations.
Question and answers 100% correct 2025/2026
1. State Laws Im-
pact on The regulation of prescriptive authority is under the jurisdiction of a
Prescrip- tive health profes- sional board. This may be the State Board of Nursing, the
Authority State Board of Medicine, or the State Board of Pharmacy, as determined
by each state. Although the federal government controls drug regulation,
2. Full Practice it has no control over prescriptive authority.
Au- thority
In a full practice environment, NPs can conduct client evaluations, diagnose,
order, and interpret diagnostic tests, and initiate and manage
treatments, including prescribing medications and controlled
3. Nurse
Practition- er substances. This level of practice occurs under the state board of
Role: Prescrip- nursing's exclusive licensure and is the preferred model by leading
tive Authority national nursing and medical organizations.
-Prescriptive authority for nurse practitioners regulates prescribing rights
beyond medications and controlled substances. These rights include
therapeutic devices and services and are outlined in state practice laws
and regulations and include durable medical equipment (DME) such as
wheelchairs, power scooters, hospital beds, portable oxygen
equipment, handicap placards, etc., and medical services such as
physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), home health services,
4. Metabolic influ-
ences on drug etc.
administration -Prescriptive authority encompasses more than writing a prescription
correctly. It requires adherence to ethical guidelines to ensure that
patients are safeguarded from harm. Ethical prescribing starts with being
well-informed about medications. Appropriate selection, dosing, and
duration of pharmaceutical agents are key to maximizing outcomes and
minimizing adverse ettects.
-Age
-Induction and inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzymes (P450)
-First-pass ettect:
-Nutritional status
,-Competition between drugs
5. Kidney disease can reduce drug excretion, causing drugs to
accumulate in the body. If the dosage is not lowered, drugs may
accumulate to toxic levels. Accord-
, NR565 Advanced Pharmacology: Midterm Study Guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_foclpa
Renal Disease ingly, if a patient is taking a drug that is eliminated by the kidneys, and if
Impact on renal function declines, the dosage must be decreased.
Phar-
macodynamics
Generic vs Generic drugs are chemically identical to their brand-name counterparts
Brand but are
Name typically less expensive. Brand-name drugs are marketed under a
proprietary
name and often have higher costs due to research, development, and
marketing
expenses. Generic drugs must meet the same standards for quality,
safety, and
eflcacy as the brand-name drugs.
Duration of Ther- This refers to the length of time a medication should be taken to
ettectively
apy treat a condition. It's important to follow prescribed durations to ensure
that the
medication works as intended and to prevent issues such as drug
resistance or
relapse of the condition.
Role of Formula- Formularies are lists of medications that are preferred and covered by a
particular
ries health insurance plan or healthcare system. They are designed to guide
prescrib-
ing practices by promoting cost-ettective treatments while ensuring that
ettective
and safe medications are available.
Blood Flow Im- Drugs are absorbed most rapidly from sites where blood flow is high
because
pact on Absorp- blood containing a newly absorbed drug will be replaced rapidly by
drug-free
tion blood, thereby maintaining a large gradient between the concentration of
, drug
outside the blood and the concentration of drug in the blood. The greater
the
concentration gradient, the more rapid absorption will be.
Bioavailability- Bioavailability = the amount of an active drug that reaches the systemic
circula-
and Variable tion from its site of administration.
Drug Responses - Ditterent formulations of the same drug can vary in bioavailability.
Factors such
as tablet disintegration time, enteric coatings, and sustained-release
formulations
can alter bioavailability and thereby make drug responses variable.
- Ditterences in bioavailability occur primarily with oral preparations.
