1|Page
NUR 425 EXAM 1 NEWEST 2026 ACTUAL VERIFIED
EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+| ||NEWEST EXAM||
What items should be removed prior to surgery? why? -
Answer-jewelry, body piercings, makeup, deodorant,
perfume/cologne, hair pins, dentures, contacts, glasses,
prosthetics
***everything besides underwear, pacemaker, and lines
electrocautery unit is used to cauterize incisions, metal
may cause electrical conduction to surrounding tissues
What should be verified during the time out? - Answer-
correct patient, procedure, and site
what area should be maintained as sterile to maintain
surgical asepsis? - Answer-OR table, area surrounding it,
equipment/Mayo stand, and instrument table
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Who should be sterile, and how should they scrub in? -
Answer-- surgeon, surgical assistants, scrub nurse, and
surgical technologist
- scrub arms and hands with disinfecting soaps, wear
surgical gowns, caps, eyewear, sterile gloves, sturdy foot
wear, keep hands above the waistline and away from
chest
What are some side effects of anesthesia and the
treatment for each? - Answer-- hypotension: ensure slow
movement, administer fluids
- hypertension: nitroglycerine, beta blockers, other
antihypertensives
- fluid and electrolyte imbalances: admin fluids,
supplements, or diuretics accordingly
- residual muscle paralysis: admin a cholinergic drug like
neostigmine to reverse anticholinergic toxicity
- malignant hyperthermia: administer dantrolene and cool
patient via cold IV NS, ice bags, and cold NG lavage
What are the signs of malignant hyperthermia? - Answer-
skeletal muscle rigidity, unexplained tachycardia,
hypercarbia (seen by anesthesia provider), myoglobinuria
(dark brown urine), and hyperthermia
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What are the 5 stages of general anesthesia? - Answer-1-
induction: IV access, monitors placed, O2 administration
via face mask, muscle relaxant or narcotics are infused,
propofol induction, adequate sedation reached
2- intubation
3- maintenance: maintain sedation with balanced
anethesia
4- emergence: too sedated= suction to reduce
laryngospasm and aspiration, reverse excess muscle
relaxant, provide oxygen to reverse inhaled agents,
remove airway when PT breathes on their own or follows
commands
5- recovery: transport to PACU or ICU, monitor vitals,
continue oxygenation until stable
What are the responsibilities of the circulating/scrub
nurse? - Answer-time out, equipment safety check, sterile
technique, assist w/ intubation, ground PT as indicated,
keep patient safety belt in place, SCD and support hose,
keep PT warm, maintain sterile field, count in and out ALL
supplies, measure irrigation fluid, keep OR doors closed,
keep hallways clear of equipment
NUR 425 EXAM 1 NEWEST 2026 ACTUAL VERIFIED
EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+| ||NEWEST EXAM||
What items should be removed prior to surgery? why? -
Answer-jewelry, body piercings, makeup, deodorant,
perfume/cologne, hair pins, dentures, contacts, glasses,
prosthetics
***everything besides underwear, pacemaker, and lines
electrocautery unit is used to cauterize incisions, metal
may cause electrical conduction to surrounding tissues
What should be verified during the time out? - Answer-
correct patient, procedure, and site
what area should be maintained as sterile to maintain
surgical asepsis? - Answer-OR table, area surrounding it,
equipment/Mayo stand, and instrument table
,2|Page
Who should be sterile, and how should they scrub in? -
Answer-- surgeon, surgical assistants, scrub nurse, and
surgical technologist
- scrub arms and hands with disinfecting soaps, wear
surgical gowns, caps, eyewear, sterile gloves, sturdy foot
wear, keep hands above the waistline and away from
chest
What are some side effects of anesthesia and the
treatment for each? - Answer-- hypotension: ensure slow
movement, administer fluids
- hypertension: nitroglycerine, beta blockers, other
antihypertensives
- fluid and electrolyte imbalances: admin fluids,
supplements, or diuretics accordingly
- residual muscle paralysis: admin a cholinergic drug like
neostigmine to reverse anticholinergic toxicity
- malignant hyperthermia: administer dantrolene and cool
patient via cold IV NS, ice bags, and cold NG lavage
What are the signs of malignant hyperthermia? - Answer-
skeletal muscle rigidity, unexplained tachycardia,
hypercarbia (seen by anesthesia provider), myoglobinuria
(dark brown urine), and hyperthermia
, 3|Page
What are the 5 stages of general anesthesia? - Answer-1-
induction: IV access, monitors placed, O2 administration
via face mask, muscle relaxant or narcotics are infused,
propofol induction, adequate sedation reached
2- intubation
3- maintenance: maintain sedation with balanced
anethesia
4- emergence: too sedated= suction to reduce
laryngospasm and aspiration, reverse excess muscle
relaxant, provide oxygen to reverse inhaled agents,
remove airway when PT breathes on their own or follows
commands
5- recovery: transport to PACU or ICU, monitor vitals,
continue oxygenation until stable
What are the responsibilities of the circulating/scrub
nurse? - Answer-time out, equipment safety check, sterile
technique, assist w/ intubation, ground PT as indicated,
keep patient safety belt in place, SCD and support hose,
keep PT warm, maintain sterile field, count in and out ALL
supplies, measure irrigation fluid, keep OR doors closed,
keep hallways clear of equipment
