CPH Practice Exam – Questions & Answers |
Latest Update 2026 | Exam Prep PDF | Graded
A+
Which of the following principles of medical and public health ethics requires doing no
harm while promoting the welfare of others?
1. Autonomy
2. Beneficence
3. Privacy
4. Justice - correct answer2. Beneficence
Beneficence is defined as promoting the welfare of others while avoiding behavior that
results in harm.
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.55.12.855
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.echu.2010.02.006
References
Weed, D.L., McKeown, R.E. (2001). Ethics in epidemiology and public health I.
Technical terms. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 55: 855-857.
Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.55.12.855
Kinsinger, F. S. (2009). Beneficence and the professional's moral imperative. Journal of
Chiropractic Humanities, 16(1), 44-46. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.echu.2010.02.006
DiClemente R, Crosby R, Kegler M, editors. Emerging Theories in Health Promotion
Practice and Research. 2nd edn. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass; 2009
In the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, the step in program planning where planners use
data to identify and rank health problems is called:
1.Behavioral assessment
2.Needs assessment
3.Ecological assessment
4.Environmental assessment - correct answer2. Needs Assessment
Needs assessment provides information about what is needed in the target community.
In the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, a needs assessment is the general umbrella term
,and may involve a social assessment, epidemiological assessment, behavioral,
environmental, educational, or ecological assessment. Using a needs assessment
allows the planner to determine the degree to which the needs is are being met. Needs
assessment help to identify the gap between what is and what should be.
Links
https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/tools-and-resources/program-planning/Assess
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00235.x/pdf
References
Glamz. Karen, et. al. Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research and
Practice, 4th ed. John wiley& Sons, Inc., San Francisco, 2008, p. 415.
In low resource countries during an outbreak, what simple, low-tech sanitation measure
can dramatically reduce the spread of enteric bacteria and viruses?
1.Disposing of stagnant water
2.Sleeping under an insecticide-soaked bednet
3.Vaccination of those individuals who work on the water supply
4.Add chlorine to water storage containers - correct answer4.Add chlorine to water
storage containers
In addressing an outbreak of bacteria and viruses in a low resource country, disinfection
is considered a primary mechanism for inactivating/destroying pathogenic organisms
and preventing the spread of waterborne diseases to downstream users and the
environment. Some of the most commonly used disinfectants for decentralized
applications include chlorine, iodine, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Chlorine is one of the
most practical and widely used disinfectants.
Links
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/beef/d9a38c4d286bc5813621c61924782f3264b8.pdf
http://ucfoodsafety.ucdavis.edu/files/26437.pdf
References
Kitis, M. (2004). Disinfection of wastewater with peracetic acid: a review. Environment
international, 30(1), 47-55.
McGlynn, W. (2015). Guidelines for the Use of Chlorine Bleach as a Sanitizer in Food
Processing Operations. Oklahoma State University Food Technology Fact Sheet,
FAPC-116.
,Hejkal, T. W., Keswick, B., LaBelle, R. L., Gerba, C. P., Sanchez, Y., Dreesman, G., ...
& Melnick, J. L. (1982). Viruses in a community water supply associated with an
outbreak of gastroenteritis and infectious hepatitis. Journal‐American Water Works
Association, 74(6), 318-321.
Which of the following statements best characterizes research findings about trait-based
approaches to leadership theory?
1.Intelligence, high energy, and initiative are necessary
2.Personality traits are irrelevant
3.No one set of traits has been established as necessary
4.Leaders are born, not made - correct answer3.No one set of traits has been
established as necessary
Trait-based approaches to leadership theory are concerned with traits that distinguish
leaders from other people and the magnitude of the differences between the two
groups. Early trait-based approaches posited that leaders possessed innate heritable
qualities that differentiated them from the general population. Later research on
leadership emphasized behavior rather than traits. More recent literature focuses on a
combination of traits and behaviors, but has not explicitly identified a set of traits, innate
or otherwise, that constitute a leader.
Links
http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01201.x
http://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBU.0000028447.00089.12
http://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.402
References
Derue, D. S., Nahrgang, J. D., Wellman, N., & Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and
behavioral theories of leadership: An integration and meta‐analytic test of their relative
validity. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 7-52. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01201.x
Smith, M. A., & Canger, J. M. (2004). Effects of supervisor 'big five' personality on
subordinate attitudes. Journal Of Business And Psychology, 18(4), 465-481.
doi:10.1023/B:JOBU.0000028447.00089.12
Lord, R. G., de Vader, C. L., & Alliger, G. M. (1986). A meta-analysis of the relation
between personality traits and leadership perceptions: An application of validity
generalization procedures. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 402-410.
doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.402
, Mutations in the _______________ gene lead to an increased risk for developing breast
or ovarian cancer.
1.BRCA2
2.PPARG
3.APC
4.hMSH1 - correct answer1.BRCA2
BRCA2 is a Tumor-Suppressor gene. Mutations in this gene, and the related gene
BRCA1, account for 5-10% of breast and ovarian cancer cases.
Links
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK1247/
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/PPARG
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APC
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/MLH1
References
Petrucelli, N., Daly, M. B., & Pal, T. (2016). BRCA1-and BRCA2-associated
hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.
BRCA Mutations: Cancer Risk & Genetic Testing. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet
PPARG gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/PPARG
APC gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APC
MLH1 gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/MLH1
Which of the following practices enhances equity across populations when making
health policy decisions in a community?
1.Requiring randomized control evidence of effectiveness
2.Allocating resources based on population size
3.Collecting health-related data about the individuals in the community
Latest Update 2026 | Exam Prep PDF | Graded
A+
Which of the following principles of medical and public health ethics requires doing no
harm while promoting the welfare of others?
1. Autonomy
2. Beneficence
3. Privacy
4. Justice - correct answer2. Beneficence
Beneficence is defined as promoting the welfare of others while avoiding behavior that
results in harm.
Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.55.12.855
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.echu.2010.02.006
References
Weed, D.L., McKeown, R.E. (2001). Ethics in epidemiology and public health I.
Technical terms. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 55: 855-857.
Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.55.12.855
Kinsinger, F. S. (2009). Beneficence and the professional's moral imperative. Journal of
Chiropractic Humanities, 16(1), 44-46. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.echu.2010.02.006
DiClemente R, Crosby R, Kegler M, editors. Emerging Theories in Health Promotion
Practice and Research. 2nd edn. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass; 2009
In the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, the step in program planning where planners use
data to identify and rank health problems is called:
1.Behavioral assessment
2.Needs assessment
3.Ecological assessment
4.Environmental assessment - correct answer2. Needs Assessment
Needs assessment provides information about what is needed in the target community.
In the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, a needs assessment is the general umbrella term
,and may involve a social assessment, epidemiological assessment, behavioral,
environmental, educational, or ecological assessment. Using a needs assessment
allows the planner to determine the degree to which the needs is are being met. Needs
assessment help to identify the gap between what is and what should be.
Links
https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/tools-and-resources/program-planning/Assess
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00235.x/pdf
References
Glamz. Karen, et. al. Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research and
Practice, 4th ed. John wiley& Sons, Inc., San Francisco, 2008, p. 415.
In low resource countries during an outbreak, what simple, low-tech sanitation measure
can dramatically reduce the spread of enteric bacteria and viruses?
1.Disposing of stagnant water
2.Sleeping under an insecticide-soaked bednet
3.Vaccination of those individuals who work on the water supply
4.Add chlorine to water storage containers - correct answer4.Add chlorine to water
storage containers
In addressing an outbreak of bacteria and viruses in a low resource country, disinfection
is considered a primary mechanism for inactivating/destroying pathogenic organisms
and preventing the spread of waterborne diseases to downstream users and the
environment. Some of the most commonly used disinfectants for decentralized
applications include chlorine, iodine, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Chlorine is one of the
most practical and widely used disinfectants.
Links
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/beef/d9a38c4d286bc5813621c61924782f3264b8.pdf
http://ucfoodsafety.ucdavis.edu/files/26437.pdf
References
Kitis, M. (2004). Disinfection of wastewater with peracetic acid: a review. Environment
international, 30(1), 47-55.
McGlynn, W. (2015). Guidelines for the Use of Chlorine Bleach as a Sanitizer in Food
Processing Operations. Oklahoma State University Food Technology Fact Sheet,
FAPC-116.
,Hejkal, T. W., Keswick, B., LaBelle, R. L., Gerba, C. P., Sanchez, Y., Dreesman, G., ...
& Melnick, J. L. (1982). Viruses in a community water supply associated with an
outbreak of gastroenteritis and infectious hepatitis. Journal‐American Water Works
Association, 74(6), 318-321.
Which of the following statements best characterizes research findings about trait-based
approaches to leadership theory?
1.Intelligence, high energy, and initiative are necessary
2.Personality traits are irrelevant
3.No one set of traits has been established as necessary
4.Leaders are born, not made - correct answer3.No one set of traits has been
established as necessary
Trait-based approaches to leadership theory are concerned with traits that distinguish
leaders from other people and the magnitude of the differences between the two
groups. Early trait-based approaches posited that leaders possessed innate heritable
qualities that differentiated them from the general population. Later research on
leadership emphasized behavior rather than traits. More recent literature focuses on a
combination of traits and behaviors, but has not explicitly identified a set of traits, innate
or otherwise, that constitute a leader.
Links
http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01201.x
http://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBU.0000028447.00089.12
http://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.402
References
Derue, D. S., Nahrgang, J. D., Wellman, N., & Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and
behavioral theories of leadership: An integration and meta‐analytic test of their relative
validity. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 7-52. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01201.x
Smith, M. A., & Canger, J. M. (2004). Effects of supervisor 'big five' personality on
subordinate attitudes. Journal Of Business And Psychology, 18(4), 465-481.
doi:10.1023/B:JOBU.0000028447.00089.12
Lord, R. G., de Vader, C. L., & Alliger, G. M. (1986). A meta-analysis of the relation
between personality traits and leadership perceptions: An application of validity
generalization procedures. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 402-410.
doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.402
, Mutations in the _______________ gene lead to an increased risk for developing breast
or ovarian cancer.
1.BRCA2
2.PPARG
3.APC
4.hMSH1 - correct answer1.BRCA2
BRCA2 is a Tumor-Suppressor gene. Mutations in this gene, and the related gene
BRCA1, account for 5-10% of breast and ovarian cancer cases.
Links
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK1247/
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/PPARG
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APC
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/MLH1
References
Petrucelli, N., Daly, M. B., & Pal, T. (2016). BRCA1-and BRCA2-associated
hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.
BRCA Mutations: Cancer Risk & Genetic Testing. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet
PPARG gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/PPARG
APC gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APC
MLH1 gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/MLH1
Which of the following practices enhances equity across populations when making
health policy decisions in a community?
1.Requiring randomized control evidence of effectiveness
2.Allocating resources based on population size
3.Collecting health-related data about the individuals in the community
