CRJU EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
What started after the industrial revolution? - Answer-juveniles started committing
crimes because of high populations in cities
What was progressive movement? - Answer-reform on everything; laws and policies
needed to change based on new demands of industrialization
What are the five differences between juveniles and adult court? - Answer-helping and
rehabilitating rather than incarceration, informal compared to adult court, proceedings
based on civil law, secret (not open to the public), and no jury
What does helping children mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-when sentencing
focuses more on rehabilitation
What does informal mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-not in a court room
What does civil law mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-just asking questions
What are the two pairs in the juveniles courts? - Answer-informal and civil law
secret and no jury
What does secret mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-no public access
What does no jury mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-just the judge and essential
people needed
What is the Labeling theory related to the juveniles courts? - Answer-not calling them
criminals so they won't start to believe it
What are waivers? - Answer-sending juveniles to adult court
What are the four types of waivers? - Answer-judicial, prosecutorial, statutory/legislative,
automatic
What does a judicial waiver mean in the juveniles courts? - Answer-done by a judge
, What does a prosecutorial waiver mean in the juveniles courts? - Answer-done by a
prosecutor
What waivers have to be done with a hearing? - Answer-judicial and prosecutorial
What does a statutory/legislative waiver mean in the juveniles courts? - Answer-by law
based on what the crime is
What does a automatic waiver mean in the juveniles courts? - Answer-once an adult
always an adult
What does In Re mean? - Answer-in the matter of
What were the findings of In Re Gault? - Answer-the due process clause of the 14th
Amendment (1966) applies to juveniles; juveniles have the right to notice, counsel,
confront witnesses, and against self-incrimination
What were the findings of In Re Winship? - Answer-Elements of a criminal act in
juvenile court must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt instead of the norm before
preponderance of evidence (1970)
What were the findings of Roper v. Simmons? - Answer-no death penalty for juveniles
no matter what (2005)
What were the findings of Graham v. Florida? - Answer-Juveniles cannot be sentenced
to without parole unless killing was involved (2010)
True or False: When cases are appealed, appellate court judges may call on witnesses
to testify. - Answer-False
True or False: The United States has one national court system plus separate court
systems in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. - Answer-True
Which of the following gave the U.S. Supreme Court the authority to invalidate an act of
Congress as unconstitutional? - Answer-Marbury v. Madison (1803)
The Rule of Four refers to...? - Answer-the number of justices required to vote in favor
of granting certiorari to review a case
The United States has how many U.S. District Courts? - Answer-94
What is true about federal district court judges? - Answer-They are nominated by the
President.
They must be confirmed by the U.S. Senate.
They are appointed for eight-year terms.
CORRECT ANSWERS
What started after the industrial revolution? - Answer-juveniles started committing
crimes because of high populations in cities
What was progressive movement? - Answer-reform on everything; laws and policies
needed to change based on new demands of industrialization
What are the five differences between juveniles and adult court? - Answer-helping and
rehabilitating rather than incarceration, informal compared to adult court, proceedings
based on civil law, secret (not open to the public), and no jury
What does helping children mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-when sentencing
focuses more on rehabilitation
What does informal mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-not in a court room
What does civil law mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-just asking questions
What are the two pairs in the juveniles courts? - Answer-informal and civil law
secret and no jury
What does secret mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-no public access
What does no jury mean in juveniles courts? - Answer-just the judge and essential
people needed
What is the Labeling theory related to the juveniles courts? - Answer-not calling them
criminals so they won't start to believe it
What are waivers? - Answer-sending juveniles to adult court
What are the four types of waivers? - Answer-judicial, prosecutorial, statutory/legislative,
automatic
What does a judicial waiver mean in the juveniles courts? - Answer-done by a judge
, What does a prosecutorial waiver mean in the juveniles courts? - Answer-done by a
prosecutor
What waivers have to be done with a hearing? - Answer-judicial and prosecutorial
What does a statutory/legislative waiver mean in the juveniles courts? - Answer-by law
based on what the crime is
What does a automatic waiver mean in the juveniles courts? - Answer-once an adult
always an adult
What does In Re mean? - Answer-in the matter of
What were the findings of In Re Gault? - Answer-the due process clause of the 14th
Amendment (1966) applies to juveniles; juveniles have the right to notice, counsel,
confront witnesses, and against self-incrimination
What were the findings of In Re Winship? - Answer-Elements of a criminal act in
juvenile court must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt instead of the norm before
preponderance of evidence (1970)
What were the findings of Roper v. Simmons? - Answer-no death penalty for juveniles
no matter what (2005)
What were the findings of Graham v. Florida? - Answer-Juveniles cannot be sentenced
to without parole unless killing was involved (2010)
True or False: When cases are appealed, appellate court judges may call on witnesses
to testify. - Answer-False
True or False: The United States has one national court system plus separate court
systems in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. - Answer-True
Which of the following gave the U.S. Supreme Court the authority to invalidate an act of
Congress as unconstitutional? - Answer-Marbury v. Madison (1803)
The Rule of Four refers to...? - Answer-the number of justices required to vote in favor
of granting certiorari to review a case
The United States has how many U.S. District Courts? - Answer-94
What is true about federal district court judges? - Answer-They are nominated by the
President.
They must be confirmed by the U.S. Senate.
They are appointed for eight-year terms.
