Fresenius Water Treatment Exam,
Fresenius Hemodialysis Study Guide
Bone disease can be caused by ________ in product water? - ANSWER-Aluminum
Aluminum in product water put the patient at risk for ________? - ANSWER-Anemia
Aluminum, chloramphenicol, copper or zinc may cause _______ when present in water
used for dialysis? - ANSWER-Hemolysis
The presence of bacteria in the bloodstream is? - ANSWER-Sepsis
Parts of a bacteria cell wall, released from dead bacteria is? - ANSWER-Endotoxin
What are characteristics of bacteria/viruses? - ANSWER-1. Grows rapidly
2. Too large to cross an intact dialysis membrane, but can cross a damaged/torn
membrane
3. May produce endotoxins or biofilm
Safe range for total chlorine is? - ANSWER-Less than 0.1 ppm (0.00-0.09 ppm)
A serious side effect if chlorine crosses the dialyzer membrane is? - ANSWER-
Hemolysis
Chloramphenicol is a combination of ________ and _________ ? - ANSWER-Chlorine
and Ammonia
Chlorine and chloramphenicol are added to city water for what reason? - ANSWER-To
reduce or eliminate bacteria
A patient complication due to the exposure of blood to chlorine an chloramines is? -
ANSWER-Hemolysis
Examples of the symptoms the patient might experience from Hemolysis. - ANSWER-1.
Chest pain
2. Shortness of breath
3. Cherry pop red / translucent blood
Where does the water pathway start in the dialysis facility? - ANSWER-City Water Inlet
Types of water sources? - ANSWER-Surface and Ground
Examples of surface water? - ANSWER-lakes, streams, rivers, reservoirs
, Examples of ground water? - ANSWER-Wells, springs
FMC follows water quality standards according to who's standards? - ANSWER-AAMI
The first piece of equipment that the water goes through in the dialysis facility is the? -
ANSWER-Backflow Preventer
What is the function of the backflow preventer? - ANSWER-Prevents water from flowing
back into the city's water suppl.
The recommended water temperature for ideal RO operation is? - ANSWER-77
degrees F
What is the function of the water booster pump? - ANSWER-Boosts incoming city water
pressure
What is the function of the Captive Air Tank (bladder tank)? - ANSWER-Help maintain a
minimum pressure
What is the function of the Chemical Feed pump? - ANSWER-Help adjust the pH level
of the water
What is the function of the Sediment Filters? - ANSWER-Removes larger particles from
the incoming water
What is the function of the multimedia filter? - ANSWER-Removes particles 10 microns
in size or larger
What is the size of particulate matter removed by the multimedia filter? - ANSWER-10
What is the function of the Carbon Filter/Tank? - ANSWER-To remove chlorine and
Chloramines and other organic materials.
Carbon filters remove chlorine and chloramines by the process of? - ANSWER-
Adsorbtion
What is the "Empty Bed Contact Time?" - ANSWER-The length of time that the water is
exposed to carbon
AAMI requires a minimum EBCT of __ minutes, FMC requires a minimum EBCT of __
minutes for new water treatment systems. - ANSWER-10, 12
RPC Ultra-Low Total Chlorine test strips are used to test for? - ANSWER-Total Chlorine
in the water after GAC #1 and Post RO.
Fresenius Hemodialysis Study Guide
Bone disease can be caused by ________ in product water? - ANSWER-Aluminum
Aluminum in product water put the patient at risk for ________? - ANSWER-Anemia
Aluminum, chloramphenicol, copper or zinc may cause _______ when present in water
used for dialysis? - ANSWER-Hemolysis
The presence of bacteria in the bloodstream is? - ANSWER-Sepsis
Parts of a bacteria cell wall, released from dead bacteria is? - ANSWER-Endotoxin
What are characteristics of bacteria/viruses? - ANSWER-1. Grows rapidly
2. Too large to cross an intact dialysis membrane, but can cross a damaged/torn
membrane
3. May produce endotoxins or biofilm
Safe range for total chlorine is? - ANSWER-Less than 0.1 ppm (0.00-0.09 ppm)
A serious side effect if chlorine crosses the dialyzer membrane is? - ANSWER-
Hemolysis
Chloramphenicol is a combination of ________ and _________ ? - ANSWER-Chlorine
and Ammonia
Chlorine and chloramphenicol are added to city water for what reason? - ANSWER-To
reduce or eliminate bacteria
A patient complication due to the exposure of blood to chlorine an chloramines is? -
ANSWER-Hemolysis
Examples of the symptoms the patient might experience from Hemolysis. - ANSWER-1.
Chest pain
2. Shortness of breath
3. Cherry pop red / translucent blood
Where does the water pathway start in the dialysis facility? - ANSWER-City Water Inlet
Types of water sources? - ANSWER-Surface and Ground
Examples of surface water? - ANSWER-lakes, streams, rivers, reservoirs
, Examples of ground water? - ANSWER-Wells, springs
FMC follows water quality standards according to who's standards? - ANSWER-AAMI
The first piece of equipment that the water goes through in the dialysis facility is the? -
ANSWER-Backflow Preventer
What is the function of the backflow preventer? - ANSWER-Prevents water from flowing
back into the city's water suppl.
The recommended water temperature for ideal RO operation is? - ANSWER-77
degrees F
What is the function of the water booster pump? - ANSWER-Boosts incoming city water
pressure
What is the function of the Captive Air Tank (bladder tank)? - ANSWER-Help maintain a
minimum pressure
What is the function of the Chemical Feed pump? - ANSWER-Help adjust the pH level
of the water
What is the function of the Sediment Filters? - ANSWER-Removes larger particles from
the incoming water
What is the function of the multimedia filter? - ANSWER-Removes particles 10 microns
in size or larger
What is the size of particulate matter removed by the multimedia filter? - ANSWER-10
What is the function of the Carbon Filter/Tank? - ANSWER-To remove chlorine and
Chloramines and other organic materials.
Carbon filters remove chlorine and chloramines by the process of? - ANSWER-
Adsorbtion
What is the "Empty Bed Contact Time?" - ANSWER-The length of time that the water is
exposed to carbon
AAMI requires a minimum EBCT of __ minutes, FMC requires a minimum EBCT of __
minutes for new water treatment systems. - ANSWER-10, 12
RPC Ultra-Low Total Chlorine test strips are used to test for? - ANSWER-Total Chlorine
in the water after GAC #1 and Post RO.
