Pregnancy, Prenatal, Perinatal, and Postnatal Periods(All
answered)
1. Seeking safe passage
• 1st trimester = self-focused (focused on physical symptoms and feelings of pregnancy; maybe
not knowing they are pregnant right away)
• 2nd trimester = baby-focused
• 3rd trimester = focused on safety of both (labour, delivery, survival of both)
2. Acceptance of the child by significant others: partner, family, community = re-evaluating
friendships and relationships; needs support people
3. Binding-in - one of the most important = emotional attachment to the pregnancy
• **Happens when they feel the baby move for the first time commonly
• Mothers who have suffered a miscarriage or stillbirth may not become attached to the
pregnancy
• Role of quickening
• Fantasy to reality: mothers develop a "fantasy" baby in their psyche; may take mothers awhile
to become attached if the baby is "not what they expected"
4. Giving of oneself: realization of exact cost of commitment to this child correct answers What
are the maternal tasks of pregnancy? (Rubin)
1. Just an idea: early stages (1st trimester)
2. It is a presence: physical symptoms and knowledge/presence of pregnancy
3. Specific behaviors: knowing when their baby is active (cycle)
4. Ability to interact: feeling the baby kick, response to music playing, etc correct answers What
are the stages of awareness of the unborn child? (Colleen Stainton)
• Self-image: feeling "fat," glowing, etc.
• Role assumption: what does it look like to be a mother?
• Role conflict: career, hobbies
• Role of fantasy
• Development of maternal-fetal relationship correct answers What does Regina Lederman say
about the feelings of the mother during pregnancy?
G - gravidity
T - term births
P - pre-term births
A - abortions (voluntary or spontaneous)
L - living child correct answers What is the GTPAL?
Gravidity
Primigravida = first
Multigravida = 2 or more correct answers Number of pregnancies
Parity
Nulliparous = none
, Primiparous = one
Multiparous = 2 or more correct answers number of pregnancies after 20 weeks
Abortions correct answers the end of a pregnancy (includes voluntary and involuntary like
miscarriages); lost pregnancies before 20 weeks irrespective of the method
usually occurs ~7weeks after fertilization; usually on the anterior superior portion of the uterus
correct answers When does implantation occur? Where on the uterus does it usually occur?
from the decidua basalis and the chorion of the blastocyst correct answers What is the placenta
made from?
2 arteries
1 vein correct answers How many vessels does the umbilical cord have?
Chorion
Amnion correct answers What are the two membranes around the embryo?
Amniotic fluid correct answers helps maintain a constant body temperature, it is a source of oral
fluid, it is a repository for fetal waste, it's a cushion to prevent trauma to the fetus, it allows space
for movement and development, it acts as a barrier to infections, it helps fetal lung development
Yolk sac correct answers transportation of maternal nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus.
It is also where blood cells form while the fetus is still developing its own circulatory system.
Nuchal cord correct answers When the umbilical cord wraps around the fetus' neck
Autosomal dominant correct answers only one copy of a variant allele is needed for phenotypic
expression. An affected parent has a 50% chance of passing the variant allele to each offspring
Autosomal recessive correct answers both genes of a pair must be abnormal to be expressed. If a
person has one variant allele and one normal gene they are known as carriers. The chance of the
trait occurring in each child is 25%. These include most inborn errors of metabolism, such as
Tay-Sachs, PKU, galactosemia, sickle cell anemia and CF.
Down syndrome correct answers What is the most common trisomy abnormality?
X-linked dominant correct answers occur in males and heterozygous females but because of X
inactivation females are usually less severely affected. Heterozygous females have a 50% chance
of passing the gene onto their offspring
X-linked recessive correct answers most often manifested in males, with the abnormal gene on
his single X chromosome. Female heterozygous carriers have a 50% chance of passing the gene
onto their offspring. Daughters must receive the diseased gene from both parents
answered)
1. Seeking safe passage
• 1st trimester = self-focused (focused on physical symptoms and feelings of pregnancy; maybe
not knowing they are pregnant right away)
• 2nd trimester = baby-focused
• 3rd trimester = focused on safety of both (labour, delivery, survival of both)
2. Acceptance of the child by significant others: partner, family, community = re-evaluating
friendships and relationships; needs support people
3. Binding-in - one of the most important = emotional attachment to the pregnancy
• **Happens when they feel the baby move for the first time commonly
• Mothers who have suffered a miscarriage or stillbirth may not become attached to the
pregnancy
• Role of quickening
• Fantasy to reality: mothers develop a "fantasy" baby in their psyche; may take mothers awhile
to become attached if the baby is "not what they expected"
4. Giving of oneself: realization of exact cost of commitment to this child correct answers What
are the maternal tasks of pregnancy? (Rubin)
1. Just an idea: early stages (1st trimester)
2. It is a presence: physical symptoms and knowledge/presence of pregnancy
3. Specific behaviors: knowing when their baby is active (cycle)
4. Ability to interact: feeling the baby kick, response to music playing, etc correct answers What
are the stages of awareness of the unborn child? (Colleen Stainton)
• Self-image: feeling "fat," glowing, etc.
• Role assumption: what does it look like to be a mother?
• Role conflict: career, hobbies
• Role of fantasy
• Development of maternal-fetal relationship correct answers What does Regina Lederman say
about the feelings of the mother during pregnancy?
G - gravidity
T - term births
P - pre-term births
A - abortions (voluntary or spontaneous)
L - living child correct answers What is the GTPAL?
Gravidity
Primigravida = first
Multigravida = 2 or more correct answers Number of pregnancies
Parity
Nulliparous = none
, Primiparous = one
Multiparous = 2 or more correct answers number of pregnancies after 20 weeks
Abortions correct answers the end of a pregnancy (includes voluntary and involuntary like
miscarriages); lost pregnancies before 20 weeks irrespective of the method
usually occurs ~7weeks after fertilization; usually on the anterior superior portion of the uterus
correct answers When does implantation occur? Where on the uterus does it usually occur?
from the decidua basalis and the chorion of the blastocyst correct answers What is the placenta
made from?
2 arteries
1 vein correct answers How many vessels does the umbilical cord have?
Chorion
Amnion correct answers What are the two membranes around the embryo?
Amniotic fluid correct answers helps maintain a constant body temperature, it is a source of oral
fluid, it is a repository for fetal waste, it's a cushion to prevent trauma to the fetus, it allows space
for movement and development, it acts as a barrier to infections, it helps fetal lung development
Yolk sac correct answers transportation of maternal nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus.
It is also where blood cells form while the fetus is still developing its own circulatory system.
Nuchal cord correct answers When the umbilical cord wraps around the fetus' neck
Autosomal dominant correct answers only one copy of a variant allele is needed for phenotypic
expression. An affected parent has a 50% chance of passing the variant allele to each offspring
Autosomal recessive correct answers both genes of a pair must be abnormal to be expressed. If a
person has one variant allele and one normal gene they are known as carriers. The chance of the
trait occurring in each child is 25%. These include most inborn errors of metabolism, such as
Tay-Sachs, PKU, galactosemia, sickle cell anemia and CF.
Down syndrome correct answers What is the most common trisomy abnormality?
X-linked dominant correct answers occur in males and heterozygous females but because of X
inactivation females are usually less severely affected. Heterozygous females have a 50% chance
of passing the gene onto their offspring
X-linked recessive correct answers most often manifested in males, with the abnormal gene on
his single X chromosome. Female heterozygous carriers have a 50% chance of passing the gene
onto their offspring. Daughters must receive the diseased gene from both parents
