NUR 211 Final Questions with Accurate
Answers
***A client has a bone density score of 2.8. What action by the nurse is best?
a. Asking the client to complete a food diary
b. Planning to teach about bisphosphonates
c. Scheduling another scan in 2 years
d. Scheduling another scan in 6 months correct answer b. Planning to teach about
bisphosphonates
A T-score from a bone density scan at or lower than 2.5 indicates osteoporosis.
The nurse should plan to teach about medications used to treat this disease. One
class of such medications is bisphosphonates. A food diary is helpful to determine
if the client gets adequate calcium and vitamin D, but at this point, dietary
changes will not prevent the disease. Simply scheduling another scan will not help
treat the disease either.
***A client is undergoing radiation therapy as a treatment for lung cancer and has
developed esophagitis. Which is the best diet selection for this client?
a.
Spaghetti with meat sauce, ice cream
b.
Scrambled eggs, bacon, toast
c.
Omelet, whole wheat bread
d.
Pasta salad, custard, orange juice correct answer c.
,Omelet, whole wheat bread
Side effects of radiation therapy may include inflammation of the esophagus.
Clients should be taught that bland, soft, high-calorie foods are best, along with
liquid nutritional supplements. Tomato sauce may prove too spicy for a client
with esophagitis. Toast is too difficult to swallow with this condition, and orange
juice and other foods with citric acid are too caustic.
***A client recently diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is in the
clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse evaluates that the client practices good self-
care when the client makes which statement?
a. I always wear long sleeves, pants, and a hat when outdoors.
b. I try not to use cosmetics that contain any type of sunblock.
c. Since I tend to sweat a lot, I use a lot of baby powder.
d. Since I can't be exposed to the sun, I have been using a tanning bed. correct
answer a. I always wear long sleeves, pants, and a hat when outdoors
Good self-management of the skin in SLE includes protecting the skin from sun
exposure, using sunblock, avoiding drying agents such as powder, and avoiding
tanning beds.
***A nurse performs a skin screening for a client who has numerous skin lesions.
Which lesion does the nurse evaluate first?
a.
Beige freckles on the backs of both hands
b.
Irregular blue mole with white specks on the lower leg
,c.
Large cluster of pustules in the right axilla
d.
Thick, reddened papules covered by white scales correct answer b.
Irregular blue mole with white specks on the lower leg
This mole fits two of the criteria for being cancerous or precancerous: variation of
color within one lesion, and an indistinct or irregular border. Melanoma is an
invasive malignant disease with the potential for a fatal outcome. Freckles are a
benign condition. Pustules could mean an infection, but it is more important to
take care of the potentially cancerous lesion first. Psoriasis vulgaris manifests as
thick reddened papules covered by white scales. This is a chronic disorder and is
not the priority.
***An older client with age spots is fearful of contracting skin cancer but wants to
continue his hobby of outdoor gardening. Which statement by the client indicates
a good understanding of the teaching about this issue?
a.
I will avoid staying outside during the day.
b.
I can only use oil-based tanning lotion.
c.
I have to start growing plants indoors.
d.
I will wear a hat and gloves when gardening. correct answer d.
I will wear a hat and gloves when gardening.
, Freckles, birthmarks, and age spots are caused by patches of melanin in the skin.
Melanin protects against the harmful effects of sun exposure. Hyperpigmentation
can occur in sun-exposed areas and can lead to skin cancer. For clients who spend
time outdoors, the best protection from skin cancer is decreasing the amount of
skin exposed to sunlight.
***The nurse is caring for a young client who has acquired immune deficiency
syndrome (AIDS) and a very low CD4+ cell count. The nurse is teaching the client
how to avoid infection at home. Which statement by the client indicates that
additional teaching is needed?
a.
I will let my sister clean my pet iguanas cage from now on.
b.
My brother will change the kitty litter box from now on.
c.
It will seem funny but I'll run my toothbrush through the dishwasher.
d.
I will not drink juice that has been sitting out for longer than an hour. correct
answer I will let my sister clean my pet iguanas cage from now on.
Immunocompromised clients should avoid having reptiles or turtles as pets and
should avoid changing cat litter to help prevent opportunistic infections. Drinking
juice that has been at room temperature for longer than 1 hour can lead to
opportunistic infection and should be avoided. Clients should clean their
toothbrushes daily by running them in the dishwasher or rinsing them in liquid
laundry bleach.
Answers
***A client has a bone density score of 2.8. What action by the nurse is best?
a. Asking the client to complete a food diary
b. Planning to teach about bisphosphonates
c. Scheduling another scan in 2 years
d. Scheduling another scan in 6 months correct answer b. Planning to teach about
bisphosphonates
A T-score from a bone density scan at or lower than 2.5 indicates osteoporosis.
The nurse should plan to teach about medications used to treat this disease. One
class of such medications is bisphosphonates. A food diary is helpful to determine
if the client gets adequate calcium and vitamin D, but at this point, dietary
changes will not prevent the disease. Simply scheduling another scan will not help
treat the disease either.
***A client is undergoing radiation therapy as a treatment for lung cancer and has
developed esophagitis. Which is the best diet selection for this client?
a.
Spaghetti with meat sauce, ice cream
b.
Scrambled eggs, bacon, toast
c.
Omelet, whole wheat bread
d.
Pasta salad, custard, orange juice correct answer c.
,Omelet, whole wheat bread
Side effects of radiation therapy may include inflammation of the esophagus.
Clients should be taught that bland, soft, high-calorie foods are best, along with
liquid nutritional supplements. Tomato sauce may prove too spicy for a client
with esophagitis. Toast is too difficult to swallow with this condition, and orange
juice and other foods with citric acid are too caustic.
***A client recently diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is in the
clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse evaluates that the client practices good self-
care when the client makes which statement?
a. I always wear long sleeves, pants, and a hat when outdoors.
b. I try not to use cosmetics that contain any type of sunblock.
c. Since I tend to sweat a lot, I use a lot of baby powder.
d. Since I can't be exposed to the sun, I have been using a tanning bed. correct
answer a. I always wear long sleeves, pants, and a hat when outdoors
Good self-management of the skin in SLE includes protecting the skin from sun
exposure, using sunblock, avoiding drying agents such as powder, and avoiding
tanning beds.
***A nurse performs a skin screening for a client who has numerous skin lesions.
Which lesion does the nurse evaluate first?
a.
Beige freckles on the backs of both hands
b.
Irregular blue mole with white specks on the lower leg
,c.
Large cluster of pustules in the right axilla
d.
Thick, reddened papules covered by white scales correct answer b.
Irregular blue mole with white specks on the lower leg
This mole fits two of the criteria for being cancerous or precancerous: variation of
color within one lesion, and an indistinct or irregular border. Melanoma is an
invasive malignant disease with the potential for a fatal outcome. Freckles are a
benign condition. Pustules could mean an infection, but it is more important to
take care of the potentially cancerous lesion first. Psoriasis vulgaris manifests as
thick reddened papules covered by white scales. This is a chronic disorder and is
not the priority.
***An older client with age spots is fearful of contracting skin cancer but wants to
continue his hobby of outdoor gardening. Which statement by the client indicates
a good understanding of the teaching about this issue?
a.
I will avoid staying outside during the day.
b.
I can only use oil-based tanning lotion.
c.
I have to start growing plants indoors.
d.
I will wear a hat and gloves when gardening. correct answer d.
I will wear a hat and gloves when gardening.
, Freckles, birthmarks, and age spots are caused by patches of melanin in the skin.
Melanin protects against the harmful effects of sun exposure. Hyperpigmentation
can occur in sun-exposed areas and can lead to skin cancer. For clients who spend
time outdoors, the best protection from skin cancer is decreasing the amount of
skin exposed to sunlight.
***The nurse is caring for a young client who has acquired immune deficiency
syndrome (AIDS) and a very low CD4+ cell count. The nurse is teaching the client
how to avoid infection at home. Which statement by the client indicates that
additional teaching is needed?
a.
I will let my sister clean my pet iguanas cage from now on.
b.
My brother will change the kitty litter box from now on.
c.
It will seem funny but I'll run my toothbrush through the dishwasher.
d.
I will not drink juice that has been sitting out for longer than an hour. correct
answer I will let my sister clean my pet iguanas cage from now on.
Immunocompromised clients should avoid having reptiles or turtles as pets and
should avoid changing cat litter to help prevent opportunistic infections. Drinking
juice that has been at room temperature for longer than 1 hour can lead to
opportunistic infection and should be avoided. Clients should clean their
toothbrushes daily by running them in the dishwasher or rinsing them in liquid
laundry bleach.
