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MDC 2356
MDC 001 [RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY]
EXAM 1
, Exam #1 Concept Guide
Please review the following content areas to prepare for the first exam:
• Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: where things fall
• Priority assessments/Prioritizing clients (address physiological needs first)
• Focused pain assessment: Pain is subjective!! Pain is the 5th vital sign.
• Types of pain (cutaneous, neuropathic, somatic, nociceptive, acute, chronic, etc.)
• Physiology of nociceptive pain (Ch. 41 ATI)
Perception or awareness of pain- occurs in various areas of the brain with influence from
thoughts or emotional processes.
Modulation occurs in the spinal cords causing muscle to contract reflexively moving the body
away from painful stimuli.
• Subjective versus objective data
Subjective symptom
Opinion or biases
What they (pt says )
Objective: ( A sign)
Things you can see, hear, feel, auscultate, and measure.
Vital signs
Bleeding or vomiting
• RICE acronym: Ice packs no longer than 20 minutes
Manage signs and symptoms of local inflammation in one or more extremities by applying RICE:
REST
ICE
COMPRESSION
ELEVATION
• Do not apply ice or heat directly on the skin
COLD- decreases inflammation, prevents swelling, reduces bleeding, fever, and diminishes
muscle spasms and pain.
HEAT- increases blood flow, increases tissue metabolism, relaxes muscles, and eases joint
stiffness and pain.
• Factors that affect sleep: Terms insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea
Insomnia- most common disorder, inability to get an adequate amount of sleep to feel rested.
Women are at higher risk
MDC 2356
MDC 001 [RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY]
EXAM 1
, Exam #1 Concept Guide
Please review the following content areas to prepare for the first exam:
• Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: where things fall
• Priority assessments/Prioritizing clients (address physiological needs first)
• Focused pain assessment: Pain is subjective!! Pain is the 5th vital sign.
• Types of pain (cutaneous, neuropathic, somatic, nociceptive, acute, chronic, etc.)
• Physiology of nociceptive pain (Ch. 41 ATI)
Perception or awareness of pain- occurs in various areas of the brain with influence from
thoughts or emotional processes.
Modulation occurs in the spinal cords causing muscle to contract reflexively moving the body
away from painful stimuli.
• Subjective versus objective data
Subjective symptom
Opinion or biases
What they (pt says )
Objective: ( A sign)
Things you can see, hear, feel, auscultate, and measure.
Vital signs
Bleeding or vomiting
• RICE acronym: Ice packs no longer than 20 minutes
Manage signs and symptoms of local inflammation in one or more extremities by applying RICE:
REST
ICE
COMPRESSION
ELEVATION
• Do not apply ice or heat directly on the skin
COLD- decreases inflammation, prevents swelling, reduces bleeding, fever, and diminishes
muscle spasms and pain.
HEAT- increases blood flow, increases tissue metabolism, relaxes muscles, and eases joint
stiffness and pain.
• Factors that affect sleep: Terms insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea
Insomnia- most common disorder, inability to get an adequate amount of sleep to feel rested.
Women are at higher risk
