NUR 378 EXAM 1 PHARMACOLOGY DETAILED
PREPARATION PACK 2026
◉ interactions with anticoagulants. Answer: Please Make The
Flowing Stop
-Penicillins
-Macrolides
-Tetracyclines
- Fluoroquinolones
-Sulfonamides
◉ adverse effects of anticoagulants. Answer: Bleeding
Hematoma
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
◉ examples of anticoagulant meds. Answer: Heparin, Warfarin,
Rivaroxaban, Apixaban, Edoxaban
◉ What is the antidote for warfarin?. Answer: Vitamin K
◉ What is the antidote for heparin?. Answer: Protamine
,◉ mechanism of action for warfarin. Answer: Coumadin
Prevents clots
Binds to Vitamin K and inhibits the actions of vitamin K coagulation
factors II, VII, IX, & X and coagulant protein C & S.
Takes effect in 48-72 hours
◉ Adverse effects of warfarin. Answer: Bleeding
Lethargy
Muscle pain
Purple toes
◉ mechanism of action for antiplatelets. Answer: affect the COX
pathway. Inhibits COX in platelet irreversibly so that the platelet
cannot regenerate the enzyme (cyclooxygenase). The irreversible
inhibition causes formation of TXA2 (which causes vasoconstriction
and causes platelets to aggregate). So, inhibiting this would cause
VASODILATION and PREVENT PLATELET AGGREGATION.
◉ examples of antiplatelets. Answer: Aspirin
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
, ◉ adverse effects of antiplatelets. Answer: Bleeding
Headache, dizziness, and weakness
GI distress
◉ adverse effects of clopidogrel. Answer: bleeding
chest pain
edema
epistaxis
rash
pruritus
◉ interactions of antiplatelets. Answer: NSAIDs and other
antiplatelets can increase bleeding potential.
- Steroids or nonaspirin NSAIDs with aspirin can increase
ulcerogenic effects of aspirin.
◉ mechanism of action for thrombolytic drugs. Answer: -Activate
the fibrinolytic system to break down the clot in the blood vessel
quickly
-Activate plasminogen and convert it to plasmin, which can digest
fibrin
PREPARATION PACK 2026
◉ interactions with anticoagulants. Answer: Please Make The
Flowing Stop
-Penicillins
-Macrolides
-Tetracyclines
- Fluoroquinolones
-Sulfonamides
◉ adverse effects of anticoagulants. Answer: Bleeding
Hematoma
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
◉ examples of anticoagulant meds. Answer: Heparin, Warfarin,
Rivaroxaban, Apixaban, Edoxaban
◉ What is the antidote for warfarin?. Answer: Vitamin K
◉ What is the antidote for heparin?. Answer: Protamine
,◉ mechanism of action for warfarin. Answer: Coumadin
Prevents clots
Binds to Vitamin K and inhibits the actions of vitamin K coagulation
factors II, VII, IX, & X and coagulant protein C & S.
Takes effect in 48-72 hours
◉ Adverse effects of warfarin. Answer: Bleeding
Lethargy
Muscle pain
Purple toes
◉ mechanism of action for antiplatelets. Answer: affect the COX
pathway. Inhibits COX in platelet irreversibly so that the platelet
cannot regenerate the enzyme (cyclooxygenase). The irreversible
inhibition causes formation of TXA2 (which causes vasoconstriction
and causes platelets to aggregate). So, inhibiting this would cause
VASODILATION and PREVENT PLATELET AGGREGATION.
◉ examples of antiplatelets. Answer: Aspirin
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
, ◉ adverse effects of antiplatelets. Answer: Bleeding
Headache, dizziness, and weakness
GI distress
◉ adverse effects of clopidogrel. Answer: bleeding
chest pain
edema
epistaxis
rash
pruritus
◉ interactions of antiplatelets. Answer: NSAIDs and other
antiplatelets can increase bleeding potential.
- Steroids or nonaspirin NSAIDs with aspirin can increase
ulcerogenic effects of aspirin.
◉ mechanism of action for thrombolytic drugs. Answer: -Activate
the fibrinolytic system to break down the clot in the blood vessel
quickly
-Activate plasminogen and convert it to plasmin, which can digest
fibrin
