KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY FNDH 620 EXAM 3
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◍ Fat Soluble Answer:Digest with fats and oils, can be stored within
fatty acids
◍ Nutrients with antioxidant capacity Answer:Vitamin A, Vitamin E,
Vitamin C
◍ Definition of Major minerals Answer:dietary need of greater than or
equal to 100 mg/day and > 0.01% of total human mass
◍ Major Minerals Answer:Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium,
chloride, magnesium, sulfur
◍ Definition of Trace minerals Answer:Dietary need less than or equal
to 100 mg/day and < 0.01% of total human mass
◍ Trace minerals Answer:Iron, zinc, iodine, copper, selenium, fluoride,
chromium, manganese
,◍ Electrolytes Answer:regulated by various hormones that act upon the
kidney tubules
◍ Electrolyte in ECF Answer:Sodium, Chloride, Calcium, bicarbonate
◍ Electrolyte in ICF Answer:Potassium, Magnesium, Phosphates,
Sulfates
◍ a. Vitamin A aka Answer:1. Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic Acid
◍ Vitamin A Function Answer:1. Improves vision
2. Cell differentiation and cell proliferative activity; fights cancer;
development of embryo tissue (embryo may be lost midgestation with
low vitamin A during pregancy)
◍ Vitamin A Source Answer:1. Reginyl esters - animal products only
2. Vitamin A-fortified milk/milk products
3. Previtamin A - carotenoid forms (orange/green vegetables)
◍ Vitamin A Absorption / transport Answer:1. Retinoic acid is absorbed
& transported to the liver bound to albumin
◍ Vitamin A Storage Answer:90% in liver
, ◍ Vitamin A Deficiency Answer:1. Leading cause of nonaccidental
blindness in children worldwide
◍ Vitamin A DRI Answer:1. RDA 900 mcg/day for men; 700 mcg/day
for women
◍ Vitamin D AKA Answer:1. D2 (ergocalciferol)
2. D3 (cholecalciferol)
◍ Vitamin D Function Answer:1. Regulation of gene expression
2. Affects calcium and phosphate homeostasis; differentiation of stem
cells in bone tissue and hair follicles and skin tissue
◍ Vitamin D Source Answer:1. UV light (d3)
2. Animal foods
3. Fortified products
◍ Vitamin D Absoprtion Answer:1. Incorporated into micelles and
enters mucosal enterocytes
2. Becomes part of chylomicrons and then lymph circulation
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◍ Fat Soluble Answer:Digest with fats and oils, can be stored within
fatty acids
◍ Nutrients with antioxidant capacity Answer:Vitamin A, Vitamin E,
Vitamin C
◍ Definition of Major minerals Answer:dietary need of greater than or
equal to 100 mg/day and > 0.01% of total human mass
◍ Major Minerals Answer:Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium,
chloride, magnesium, sulfur
◍ Definition of Trace minerals Answer:Dietary need less than or equal
to 100 mg/day and < 0.01% of total human mass
◍ Trace minerals Answer:Iron, zinc, iodine, copper, selenium, fluoride,
chromium, manganese
,◍ Electrolytes Answer:regulated by various hormones that act upon the
kidney tubules
◍ Electrolyte in ECF Answer:Sodium, Chloride, Calcium, bicarbonate
◍ Electrolyte in ICF Answer:Potassium, Magnesium, Phosphates,
Sulfates
◍ a. Vitamin A aka Answer:1. Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic Acid
◍ Vitamin A Function Answer:1. Improves vision
2. Cell differentiation and cell proliferative activity; fights cancer;
development of embryo tissue (embryo may be lost midgestation with
low vitamin A during pregancy)
◍ Vitamin A Source Answer:1. Reginyl esters - animal products only
2. Vitamin A-fortified milk/milk products
3. Previtamin A - carotenoid forms (orange/green vegetables)
◍ Vitamin A Absorption / transport Answer:1. Retinoic acid is absorbed
& transported to the liver bound to albumin
◍ Vitamin A Storage Answer:90% in liver
, ◍ Vitamin A Deficiency Answer:1. Leading cause of nonaccidental
blindness in children worldwide
◍ Vitamin A DRI Answer:1. RDA 900 mcg/day for men; 700 mcg/day
for women
◍ Vitamin D AKA Answer:1. D2 (ergocalciferol)
2. D3 (cholecalciferol)
◍ Vitamin D Function Answer:1. Regulation of gene expression
2. Affects calcium and phosphate homeostasis; differentiation of stem
cells in bone tissue and hair follicles and skin tissue
◍ Vitamin D Source Answer:1. UV light (d3)
2. Animal foods
3. Fortified products
◍ Vitamin D Absoprtion Answer:1. Incorporated into micelles and
enters mucosal enterocytes
2. Becomes part of chylomicrons and then lymph circulation
