Med Surg Final Exam Key Concepts for Nursing Students
Realistic Questions And Verified Answers With Complete
Solutions 2026.
SIADH - ANSWER: Syndrome of Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
Fluid intake limit for SIADH - ANSWER: Limit the fluid intake to no more than 1000
mL per day
Risk for patients with SIADH - ANSWER: Patients with SIADH are at risk for
hyponatremia
Sodium supplements for SIADH - ANSWER: Sodium supplements may be
prescribed
Daily weights for SIADH - ANSWER: Daily weights should be monitored
Foods for potassium loss - ANSWER: Foods high in potassium should help with
potassium loss
Fluid intake for SIADH - ANSWER: Will need to limit fluid intake
Notify doctor for SIADH - ANSWER: Notify the doctor if patient has a headache or
vomiting
Diabetes insipidus IV fluids - ANSWER: Administer 0.45% (hypotonic) IV fluids
Hypertonic solution - ANSWER: 1000 mL of 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride is
a hypertonic solution
Priority task for chest pain - ANSWER: Obtain a full set of vitals
Refeeding syndrome - ANSWER: Refeeding syndrome can cause
hypophosphatemia, low potassium and low magnesium
Serious manifestations of refeeding syndrome - ANSWER: Dysrhythmias
Desired over have formula - ANSWER: Be familiar with the desired over have
formula
Flow rate calculation - ANSWER: You solve by mL/h
Goals for Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER: Avoid aspirations during meals, manage
fatigue, look for a return of muscle strength to return to normal
, Drug for diabetes insipidus - ANSWER: Desmopressin
Insulin calculation - ANSWER: Everybody should know how to calculate insulin if
the patient has a standing order and a sliding scale
Risk for hypoglycemia with Lispro - ANSWER: Patient's highest risk for
hypoglycemia is from 6:30 to 9:00 pm
Atherosclerosis prevention strategies - ANSWER: Teach about smoking
cessation, antihypertensive meds, maintaining glucose if diabetic
Last stage of coronary artery disease - ANSWER: Complicated lesion
Cause of angina pain - ANSWER: The problem is oxygen supply and oxygen
demand
Clinical manifestations of left sided heart failure - ANSWER: Crackles in the
lungs, pink frothy sputum, orthopnea, fatigue
Interventions for chronic right sided heart failure - ANSWER: Focus on ascites,
edema, jugular vein distention
Questionable order for left sided heart failure - ANSWER: Question an order for
normal saline infusion at 125 mL/h due to fluid overload
Shortness of breath - ANSWER: Increased difficulty in breathing experienced by a
patient.
Pink tinged sputum - ANSWER: Sputum that has a pink color, often indicating the
presence of blood.
Left sided heart failure - ANSWER: A condition where the left side of the heart
cannot pump blood effectively, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
High fowlers position - ANSWER: A sitting position where the patient is at a 90-
degree angle, often used to help with breathing.
Lasix - ANSWER: A diuretic medication used to treat fluid retention and high
blood pressure.
Normal potassium level - ANSWER: The typical range for potassium in the blood,
which is 3.5-5.0 mEq/L.
Realistic Questions And Verified Answers With Complete
Solutions 2026.
SIADH - ANSWER: Syndrome of Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
Fluid intake limit for SIADH - ANSWER: Limit the fluid intake to no more than 1000
mL per day
Risk for patients with SIADH - ANSWER: Patients with SIADH are at risk for
hyponatremia
Sodium supplements for SIADH - ANSWER: Sodium supplements may be
prescribed
Daily weights for SIADH - ANSWER: Daily weights should be monitored
Foods for potassium loss - ANSWER: Foods high in potassium should help with
potassium loss
Fluid intake for SIADH - ANSWER: Will need to limit fluid intake
Notify doctor for SIADH - ANSWER: Notify the doctor if patient has a headache or
vomiting
Diabetes insipidus IV fluids - ANSWER: Administer 0.45% (hypotonic) IV fluids
Hypertonic solution - ANSWER: 1000 mL of 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride is
a hypertonic solution
Priority task for chest pain - ANSWER: Obtain a full set of vitals
Refeeding syndrome - ANSWER: Refeeding syndrome can cause
hypophosphatemia, low potassium and low magnesium
Serious manifestations of refeeding syndrome - ANSWER: Dysrhythmias
Desired over have formula - ANSWER: Be familiar with the desired over have
formula
Flow rate calculation - ANSWER: You solve by mL/h
Goals for Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER: Avoid aspirations during meals, manage
fatigue, look for a return of muscle strength to return to normal
, Drug for diabetes insipidus - ANSWER: Desmopressin
Insulin calculation - ANSWER: Everybody should know how to calculate insulin if
the patient has a standing order and a sliding scale
Risk for hypoglycemia with Lispro - ANSWER: Patient's highest risk for
hypoglycemia is from 6:30 to 9:00 pm
Atherosclerosis prevention strategies - ANSWER: Teach about smoking
cessation, antihypertensive meds, maintaining glucose if diabetic
Last stage of coronary artery disease - ANSWER: Complicated lesion
Cause of angina pain - ANSWER: The problem is oxygen supply and oxygen
demand
Clinical manifestations of left sided heart failure - ANSWER: Crackles in the
lungs, pink frothy sputum, orthopnea, fatigue
Interventions for chronic right sided heart failure - ANSWER: Focus on ascites,
edema, jugular vein distention
Questionable order for left sided heart failure - ANSWER: Question an order for
normal saline infusion at 125 mL/h due to fluid overload
Shortness of breath - ANSWER: Increased difficulty in breathing experienced by a
patient.
Pink tinged sputum - ANSWER: Sputum that has a pink color, often indicating the
presence of blood.
Left sided heart failure - ANSWER: A condition where the left side of the heart
cannot pump blood effectively, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
High fowlers position - ANSWER: A sitting position where the patient is at a 90-
degree angle, often used to help with breathing.
Lasix - ANSWER: A diuretic medication used to treat fluid retention and high
blood pressure.
Normal potassium level - ANSWER: The typical range for potassium in the blood,
which is 3.5-5.0 mEq/L.
