Path 1016- Test 2 Review Questions With
Complete Answers
tunica intima - ANSWER smooth inner layer; composed of simple squamous epithelium
tunica media - ANSWER middle layer; composed of elastic connective tissues and
smooth muscle
tunica externa - ANSWER outer layer, composed of collagen connective tissues.
endothelium cells - ANSWER plays an important role in controlling vascular function,
metabolism of hormones and regulate immune and inflammatory reactions.
endothelium cells - ANSWER controls the transfers of molecules, regulating blood flow
and vascular resistance, and control platelet adhesion and blood clotting.
angiogenesis - ANSWER formation of new blood vessels
Endothelium cells controls: - ANSWER Oxygen, Na,K Cl
Endothelium cells regulates vascular resistance by: - ANSWER signalling outer muscular
layer to relax- Nitrous Oxide.
,Endothelium cells: Adhesion and blood clotting - ANSWER they are slick like silicon to let
blood flow.
Endothelium cells: Metabolism - ANSWER Insulin production signalling when increasing
glucose levels.
Exogenous lipid pathway - ANSWER absorption of fats from the digestive tract into the
circulation
Endogenous lipid pathway - ANSWER transportation of fats synthesized in the liver b/w
the liver and the peripheral tissues
Hyperlipidemia - ANSWER excessive amounts of lipids in the blood
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - ANSWER good cholesterol synthesized by the liver and
transports cholesterol back to the liver from the periphery.
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - ANSWER "bad cholesterol" in the blood, which raises the
risk of cardiovascular disease, and atherosclerotic lesions
hypercholesteremia - ANSWER increased levels of cholesterol in the blood.
, management of hyperlipidemia - ANSWER reduce LDL; Pt will need to increase
consumption of unsaturated fats that increases HDL's, pt can exercise and they can take
medications and supplements such as statins, niacin, bile acid resins, fibrates and omega
3 fish oil.
Major risk for CAD include: - ANSWER smoking, hypertension, Diabetes and family h/x
atherosclerosis - ANSWER affects vascular system and the means formation of fibro-fatty
lesions in the intimal lining of large and medium sized arteries.
atherosclerosis - ANSWER accumulation of fat deposits inside of arteries, making them
more narrow, affecting arteries including the aorta, coronary arteries and cerebral
arteries and a loading cause of CAD, stroke, peripheral arterial disease.
atherosclerosis: constitutional risk factors - ANSWER cannot be changed, it is caused by
increasing age, and genetic disorders of lipid metabolism. Also male person is at risk and
if there is a family history of CAD.
atherosclerosis: potential modifiable risk factors - ANSWER pt who smokes, has
hypertension, diabetes, obesity and. hyperlipidemia.
Endothelial injury - ANSWER vascular endothelium protects sub endothelial layers from
interacting with blood cells or other blood components
Endothelial injury - ANSWER injury to a blood vessel due to adhesion of monocytes and
Complete Answers
tunica intima - ANSWER smooth inner layer; composed of simple squamous epithelium
tunica media - ANSWER middle layer; composed of elastic connective tissues and
smooth muscle
tunica externa - ANSWER outer layer, composed of collagen connective tissues.
endothelium cells - ANSWER plays an important role in controlling vascular function,
metabolism of hormones and regulate immune and inflammatory reactions.
endothelium cells - ANSWER controls the transfers of molecules, regulating blood flow
and vascular resistance, and control platelet adhesion and blood clotting.
angiogenesis - ANSWER formation of new blood vessels
Endothelium cells controls: - ANSWER Oxygen, Na,K Cl
Endothelium cells regulates vascular resistance by: - ANSWER signalling outer muscular
layer to relax- Nitrous Oxide.
,Endothelium cells: Adhesion and blood clotting - ANSWER they are slick like silicon to let
blood flow.
Endothelium cells: Metabolism - ANSWER Insulin production signalling when increasing
glucose levels.
Exogenous lipid pathway - ANSWER absorption of fats from the digestive tract into the
circulation
Endogenous lipid pathway - ANSWER transportation of fats synthesized in the liver b/w
the liver and the peripheral tissues
Hyperlipidemia - ANSWER excessive amounts of lipids in the blood
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - ANSWER good cholesterol synthesized by the liver and
transports cholesterol back to the liver from the periphery.
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - ANSWER "bad cholesterol" in the blood, which raises the
risk of cardiovascular disease, and atherosclerotic lesions
hypercholesteremia - ANSWER increased levels of cholesterol in the blood.
, management of hyperlipidemia - ANSWER reduce LDL; Pt will need to increase
consumption of unsaturated fats that increases HDL's, pt can exercise and they can take
medications and supplements such as statins, niacin, bile acid resins, fibrates and omega
3 fish oil.
Major risk for CAD include: - ANSWER smoking, hypertension, Diabetes and family h/x
atherosclerosis - ANSWER affects vascular system and the means formation of fibro-fatty
lesions in the intimal lining of large and medium sized arteries.
atherosclerosis - ANSWER accumulation of fat deposits inside of arteries, making them
more narrow, affecting arteries including the aorta, coronary arteries and cerebral
arteries and a loading cause of CAD, stroke, peripheral arterial disease.
atherosclerosis: constitutional risk factors - ANSWER cannot be changed, it is caused by
increasing age, and genetic disorders of lipid metabolism. Also male person is at risk and
if there is a family history of CAD.
atherosclerosis: potential modifiable risk factors - ANSWER pt who smokes, has
hypertension, diabetes, obesity and. hyperlipidemia.
Endothelial injury - ANSWER vascular endothelium protects sub endothelial layers from
interacting with blood cells or other blood components
Endothelial injury - ANSWER injury to a blood vessel due to adhesion of monocytes and
