CMTO MCQ COMPREHENSIVE EXAM UPDATED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔nodes of ranvier - ✔✔Gaps in the myelin sheath of the axons of peripheral neruons.
Action potentials can 'jump' from node to node, increasing speed of conduction
(saltatory conduction).
✔✔nerve - ✔✔collection of axons in the PNS
✔✔Tract - ✔✔collection of axons in the CNS
✔✔white matter - ✔✔accumulation of axons within the CNS. fatty myelin sheath
✔✔peripheral nervous system is made up of - ✔✔12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31 pairs of
spinal nerves
✔✔somatic nervous system - ✔✔Voluntary, carries motor neurons to skeletal muscle
tissue
✔✔autonomic nervous system - ✔✔involuntary, motor neurons to cardiac muscle,
smooth muscle and glands
✔✔CNS nerves cannot regenerate T or F - ✔✔T
✔✔Neurilemma - ✔✔helps PNS axons to regenerate
✔✔resting membrane potential - ✔✔-70 mv
✔✔peak potential - ✔✔+40 mv
✔✔all or nothing principle - ✔✔-55 mv
✔✔spinal cord ends at... - ✔✔L1
✔✔The end of the CNS is also known as - ✔✔conus medullaris
✔✔lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord is at; - ✔✔T9-T12
✔✔cervical enlargement of the spinal cord is at; - ✔✔C4-T1
✔✔cauda equina - ✔✔the part of the PNS that extends after CNS ends at L1
✔✔filume terminale - ✔✔Connective tissue that anchors spinal cord to sacrum
, ✔✔bracial plexus - ✔✔anterior rami of C5-T1
Musculopatanious, axillary, median, radial, ulnar
✔✔blood brain barrier - ✔✔The blood-brain barrier is formed by brain endothelial cells,
which are connected by tight junctions with an extremely high electrical resistivity
✔✔Reticular activating system (RAS) - ✔✔Maintains consousness, filters information to
prevent sensory overalod, is NOT stimulated by smell
✔✔Cerebellum (arbor ventae) - ✔✔Maintains balance, coordination, muscle tone.
Damage =Intention tremor, axtaxia
✔✔ataxia - ✔✔lack of muscle coordination in the execution of voluntary movement
✔✔hypothalmas - ✔✔Link nervous system to endocrine system via pituitary gland. also
regulates hunger, thrist and secretion of various hormones
✔✔mammary bodies - ✔✔protrude from hypothalmas, process olfactory sensation
(smell)
✔✔Longitudinal fissure - ✔✔seperates L & R hemispheres in brain
✔✔corpus callosum - ✔✔connects L & R hemispheres in brain
✔✔Limbic system - ✔✔"emotional brain" controls the basic emotions (fear, pleasure,
anger) and drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care of offspring). Also controls smell
(coorolation between smell and emotion)
✔✔dopamine - ✔✔A neurotransmitter associated with movement, attention and learning
and the brain's pleasure and reward system.
✔✔Basal ganglia - ✔✔Regulates volentary movements. surpresses unwanted
movements.
✔✔internal carotid and vertebral arteries - ✔✔carry blood to the brain
✔✔jugular vein - ✔✔returns blood from the brain
✔✔astrocytes - ✔✔Axon guidance and synaptic support, control of the blood brain
barrier and blood flow
✔✔vegas nerve - ✔✔80% of parasympathetic out flow
✔✔digestive system - ✔✔alone has equal nerve intervation as the rest of the body
AND ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔nodes of ranvier - ✔✔Gaps in the myelin sheath of the axons of peripheral neruons.
Action potentials can 'jump' from node to node, increasing speed of conduction
(saltatory conduction).
✔✔nerve - ✔✔collection of axons in the PNS
✔✔Tract - ✔✔collection of axons in the CNS
✔✔white matter - ✔✔accumulation of axons within the CNS. fatty myelin sheath
✔✔peripheral nervous system is made up of - ✔✔12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31 pairs of
spinal nerves
✔✔somatic nervous system - ✔✔Voluntary, carries motor neurons to skeletal muscle
tissue
✔✔autonomic nervous system - ✔✔involuntary, motor neurons to cardiac muscle,
smooth muscle and glands
✔✔CNS nerves cannot regenerate T or F - ✔✔T
✔✔Neurilemma - ✔✔helps PNS axons to regenerate
✔✔resting membrane potential - ✔✔-70 mv
✔✔peak potential - ✔✔+40 mv
✔✔all or nothing principle - ✔✔-55 mv
✔✔spinal cord ends at... - ✔✔L1
✔✔The end of the CNS is also known as - ✔✔conus medullaris
✔✔lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord is at; - ✔✔T9-T12
✔✔cervical enlargement of the spinal cord is at; - ✔✔C4-T1
✔✔cauda equina - ✔✔the part of the PNS that extends after CNS ends at L1
✔✔filume terminale - ✔✔Connective tissue that anchors spinal cord to sacrum
, ✔✔bracial plexus - ✔✔anterior rami of C5-T1
Musculopatanious, axillary, median, radial, ulnar
✔✔blood brain barrier - ✔✔The blood-brain barrier is formed by brain endothelial cells,
which are connected by tight junctions with an extremely high electrical resistivity
✔✔Reticular activating system (RAS) - ✔✔Maintains consousness, filters information to
prevent sensory overalod, is NOT stimulated by smell
✔✔Cerebellum (arbor ventae) - ✔✔Maintains balance, coordination, muscle tone.
Damage =Intention tremor, axtaxia
✔✔ataxia - ✔✔lack of muscle coordination in the execution of voluntary movement
✔✔hypothalmas - ✔✔Link nervous system to endocrine system via pituitary gland. also
regulates hunger, thrist and secretion of various hormones
✔✔mammary bodies - ✔✔protrude from hypothalmas, process olfactory sensation
(smell)
✔✔Longitudinal fissure - ✔✔seperates L & R hemispheres in brain
✔✔corpus callosum - ✔✔connects L & R hemispheres in brain
✔✔Limbic system - ✔✔"emotional brain" controls the basic emotions (fear, pleasure,
anger) and drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care of offspring). Also controls smell
(coorolation between smell and emotion)
✔✔dopamine - ✔✔A neurotransmitter associated with movement, attention and learning
and the brain's pleasure and reward system.
✔✔Basal ganglia - ✔✔Regulates volentary movements. surpresses unwanted
movements.
✔✔internal carotid and vertebral arteries - ✔✔carry blood to the brain
✔✔jugular vein - ✔✔returns blood from the brain
✔✔astrocytes - ✔✔Axon guidance and synaptic support, control of the blood brain
barrier and blood flow
✔✔vegas nerve - ✔✔80% of parasympathetic out flow
✔✔digestive system - ✔✔alone has equal nerve intervation as the rest of the body
