A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter Answer: XXY
syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the
following?
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
for a proband, what is the nurse looking for?
An aide asks the nurse why people who have Answer: Expressivity
neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the
disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain
to the aide?
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which
should the nurse include regarding cholesterol? reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how Answer: Autosomal recessive
should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an
_____ gene
How are potassium and sodium transported across Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
plasma membranes?
The nurse would be correct in identifying the Answer: Sodium
predominant extracellular cation as:
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
reticulum results in:
What principle should the nurse remember when trying Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to
to distinguish aging from diseases? result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a Answer: Turner syndrome
karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X
chromosome with only a single X chromosome present?
Her features include a short stature, widely spaced
nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse
body hair.
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which Answer: Nucleolus
region of the cell would most of the genetic information
be contained?
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
of Down syndrome. What is the nurse describing?
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Answer: Delayed age of onset
Huntington disease. Transmission of this disease is
associated with:
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down Answer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
syndrome. What is the nurse's best response?
, What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which finding will support
this diagnosis?
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a Answer: Decreased ATP production
direct result of:
A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic Answer: Plasma proteins
pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid
osmotic pressure) is determined by:
The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ Answer: Symport
simultaneously in the same direction is an example of
which of the following types of transport?
A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn Answer: Tetraploidy
child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes.
What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this
condition?
Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of Answer: Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium
cells?
Hypothyroidism A disorder caused by a thyroid gland that is slower and less productive than
normal, does not produce enough T3 and T4
T3, T4, TSH Diagnosing hypo/hyperthyroidism T3/T4 = thyroid. TSH = Pituitary.
T3/T4 abnormality = problem with THYROID.
T3/T4 normal + TSH abnormal = Secondary thyroid problem
If too much T3/T4, then TSH will be down. Vice Versa.
calcium parathyroid glands responsible for regulating ___ levels.
metabolism, temperature Thyroid produces hormones T3, T4, and plays big role in __, ___ regulation and
growth and development
iodine Brain cannot make T3 and T4 without ___
slows hypothyroidism everything ___.
stimulates sympathetic nervous system, drowsy, lethargic
constipated, food move slows, weight gain
body temp decreases
Hyperthyroidism excessive activity of the thyroid gland: increased levels of T3, T4 and TSH
syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the
following?
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
for a proband, what is the nurse looking for?
An aide asks the nurse why people who have Answer: Expressivity
neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the
disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain
to the aide?
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which
should the nurse include regarding cholesterol? reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how Answer: Autosomal recessive
should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an
_____ gene
How are potassium and sodium transported across Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
plasma membranes?
The nurse would be correct in identifying the Answer: Sodium
predominant extracellular cation as:
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
reticulum results in:
What principle should the nurse remember when trying Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to
to distinguish aging from diseases? result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a Answer: Turner syndrome
karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X
chromosome with only a single X chromosome present?
Her features include a short stature, widely spaced
nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse
body hair.
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which Answer: Nucleolus
region of the cell would most of the genetic information
be contained?
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
of Down syndrome. What is the nurse describing?
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Answer: Delayed age of onset
Huntington disease. Transmission of this disease is
associated with:
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down Answer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
syndrome. What is the nurse's best response?
, What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which finding will support
this diagnosis?
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a Answer: Decreased ATP production
direct result of:
A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic Answer: Plasma proteins
pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid
osmotic pressure) is determined by:
The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ Answer: Symport
simultaneously in the same direction is an example of
which of the following types of transport?
A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn Answer: Tetraploidy
child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes.
What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this
condition?
Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of Answer: Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium
cells?
Hypothyroidism A disorder caused by a thyroid gland that is slower and less productive than
normal, does not produce enough T3 and T4
T3, T4, TSH Diagnosing hypo/hyperthyroidism T3/T4 = thyroid. TSH = Pituitary.
T3/T4 abnormality = problem with THYROID.
T3/T4 normal + TSH abnormal = Secondary thyroid problem
If too much T3/T4, then TSH will be down. Vice Versa.
calcium parathyroid glands responsible for regulating ___ levels.
metabolism, temperature Thyroid produces hormones T3, T4, and plays big role in __, ___ regulation and
growth and development
iodine Brain cannot make T3 and T4 without ___
slows hypothyroidism everything ___.
stimulates sympathetic nervous system, drowsy, lethargic
constipated, food move slows, weight gain
body temp decreases
Hyperthyroidism excessive activity of the thyroid gland: increased levels of T3, T4 and TSH
