Med Surg Exam 1 Terminology | 2026 – 60+ Correct Q&A | Acid-Base, Infections, ABGs, Leadership Styles

This document contains over 60 accurate and exam-relevant questions and answers for Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 1: Terminology (2026), with a strong focus on clinical vocabulary, pathophysiological concepts, and foundational nursing principles. It is structured in a Q&A format with clearly verified answers, making it a practical and fast-learning guide for students reviewing core terms in medical-surgical practice. The content spans essential areas such as: Ethical and legal terms (e.g., nonmaleficence, HIPAA) Electrolyte-related conditions (e.g., tetany, Chvostek's and Trousseau’s signs, hypocalcemia) Acid-base balance (e.g., Kussmaul breathing, metabolic acidosis/alkalosis, carbonic acid, ABG interpretation) Respiratory and cardiac terms (e.g., COPD, tachypnea, PaCO₂ norms) Infection control (e.g., droplet, vector, and vehicle transmission, local vs. generalized infection) Clinical procedures (e.g., peak/trough levels, sterile technique, sensitivity testing) Leadership styles and communication terms (e.g., autocratic vs. democratic, vigilance) It is particularly useful for: Nursing students in their first semester of medical-surgical courses Pre-NCLEX students needing a refresher on terminology Allied health and LPN learners preparing for foundational clinical exams Anyone needing to master medical vocabulary for exams or clinical use Whether preparing for quizzes, exams, or clinical rotations, this document serves as a compact and high-yield terminology review. Keywords: nursing terminology, acid base balance, ABGs, Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign, HIPAA, tetany, hypocalcemia, metabolic acidosis, alkalosis, carbonic acid, Kussmaul breathing, COPD, infection transmission, sterile technique, droplet precautions, tachypnea, PaCO2, nursing ethics, nonmaleficence, leadership styles, autocratic, democratic, peak and trough, serum antibodies, hypoparathyroidism, nursing foundations