BIOLOGY 1050-FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Pseudoscience - Correct Answers -Making scientific claims without any data
Anecdotal evidence - Correct Answers -When people make claims on a small amount of
individuals. Personal data. Very small sample size
Prokaryotic Cells - Correct Answers -No nucleus. DNA is in the cytoplasm. Internal
structures not organized into compartments.
Eukaryotic Cells - Correct Answers -DNA contained in nucleus. Internal structures
organized into compartments. Cytoplasm contains specialized structures called
organelles
Cellular Respiration - Correct Answers -The process that converts energy stored in food
to ATP. To provide energy, ATP > ADP+P To store energy, ADP + P> ATP using
energy from the sun or food
Ecology - Correct Answers -The scientific study of the interactions between organisms
and their environment
Abiotic - Correct Answers -Nonliving components of the environment. water,
atmosphere
Biotic - Correct Answers -living components of atmosphere. plants, insects
Basal metabolic rate - Correct Answers -The energy use of a resting but awake and
alert individual. Energy required in order for brain to work, breathe, digest food, etc..
Type 1 Diabetes - Correct Answers -Not related to weight. Insulin dependent diabetes.
Anyone with this has to take insulin injections because the body cannot make own
insulin
Type 2 Diabetes - Correct Answers -Considered adult-onset. Tends to be much more
common in those who are overweight or obese. Over time peoples bodys just stop
responding to insulin. Can often control this with diet and exercise-less sugar and more
exercise. Sometimes has to be controlled with insulin injections
, Systolic Blood Pressure - Correct Answers -pressure when heart pumps
Diastolic Blood Pressure - Correct Answers -pressure when heart releases
LDL - Correct Answers -Carry cholesterol around the body. Bad cholesterol
HDL - Correct Answers -Removes excess cholesterol from body to exit in feces. Good
cholesterol
Carbs - Correct Answers -Main energy source
Monosaccharides - Correct Answers -simple sugars- supplies with a short supply of
energy
Polysaccharides - Correct Answers -Complex carbs-provides lots of nutrition wiht a
longer supply of energy
Dietary Fiber - Correct Answers -In fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Good for
digestive track. Clears out digestive system
Saturated Fat - Correct Answers -Has the maximum number of hydogens bonded to the
carbons. Fatty acids have straight tails and can be packed together tightly. Tend to be
solid at room temperature. More likely to be stored as fat in the body
Unsaturated Fat - Correct Answers -Has at least one carbon to carbon double bond.
Fatty acids have kinked tails and cannot be packed together tightly. Tend to be liquid at
room temperature. Less likely to be stored as fat in the body
Trans Fat - Correct Answers -Unsaturated Fats + hydrogen > saturated fat; process
called hydrogenation-keeps food from spoiling. Not healthy
Cholesterol - Correct Answers -The "base steroid" from which our bodies produce other
steroids.
Proteins - Correct Answers -Main structural component of life. Made of amino acids.
Enzymes are proteins that assist in chemical reactions. Structural. Protective.
Regulatory. Contractive. Transport.
Human Digestive System - Correct Answers -Mouth-throat-esophagus-stomach-small
intestine- large intestine
Transcription - Correct Answers -Occurs in nucleus. Process that uses the instructions
in DNA to make RNA
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Pseudoscience - Correct Answers -Making scientific claims without any data
Anecdotal evidence - Correct Answers -When people make claims on a small amount of
individuals. Personal data. Very small sample size
Prokaryotic Cells - Correct Answers -No nucleus. DNA is in the cytoplasm. Internal
structures not organized into compartments.
Eukaryotic Cells - Correct Answers -DNA contained in nucleus. Internal structures
organized into compartments. Cytoplasm contains specialized structures called
organelles
Cellular Respiration - Correct Answers -The process that converts energy stored in food
to ATP. To provide energy, ATP > ADP+P To store energy, ADP + P> ATP using
energy from the sun or food
Ecology - Correct Answers -The scientific study of the interactions between organisms
and their environment
Abiotic - Correct Answers -Nonliving components of the environment. water,
atmosphere
Biotic - Correct Answers -living components of atmosphere. plants, insects
Basal metabolic rate - Correct Answers -The energy use of a resting but awake and
alert individual. Energy required in order for brain to work, breathe, digest food, etc..
Type 1 Diabetes - Correct Answers -Not related to weight. Insulin dependent diabetes.
Anyone with this has to take insulin injections because the body cannot make own
insulin
Type 2 Diabetes - Correct Answers -Considered adult-onset. Tends to be much more
common in those who are overweight or obese. Over time peoples bodys just stop
responding to insulin. Can often control this with diet and exercise-less sugar and more
exercise. Sometimes has to be controlled with insulin injections
, Systolic Blood Pressure - Correct Answers -pressure when heart pumps
Diastolic Blood Pressure - Correct Answers -pressure when heart releases
LDL - Correct Answers -Carry cholesterol around the body. Bad cholesterol
HDL - Correct Answers -Removes excess cholesterol from body to exit in feces. Good
cholesterol
Carbs - Correct Answers -Main energy source
Monosaccharides - Correct Answers -simple sugars- supplies with a short supply of
energy
Polysaccharides - Correct Answers -Complex carbs-provides lots of nutrition wiht a
longer supply of energy
Dietary Fiber - Correct Answers -In fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Good for
digestive track. Clears out digestive system
Saturated Fat - Correct Answers -Has the maximum number of hydogens bonded to the
carbons. Fatty acids have straight tails and can be packed together tightly. Tend to be
solid at room temperature. More likely to be stored as fat in the body
Unsaturated Fat - Correct Answers -Has at least one carbon to carbon double bond.
Fatty acids have kinked tails and cannot be packed together tightly. Tend to be liquid at
room temperature. Less likely to be stored as fat in the body
Trans Fat - Correct Answers -Unsaturated Fats + hydrogen > saturated fat; process
called hydrogenation-keeps food from spoiling. Not healthy
Cholesterol - Correct Answers -The "base steroid" from which our bodies produce other
steroids.
Proteins - Correct Answers -Main structural component of life. Made of amino acids.
Enzymes are proteins that assist in chemical reactions. Structural. Protective.
Regulatory. Contractive. Transport.
Human Digestive System - Correct Answers -Mouth-throat-esophagus-stomach-small
intestine- large intestine
Transcription - Correct Answers -Occurs in nucleus. Process that uses the instructions
in DNA to make RNA
