NURS 497 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026/2027
A 50-year-old male reports episodes of frequently recurring crampy abdominal pain, diarrhea,
and bloody stools. What might a possible diagnosis be?
a. Ulcerative colitis
b. Hiatal hernia
c. Pyloric obstruction
d. Achalasia - Answers A
The autopsy of a 55-year-old revealed an inflamed and fatty liver, with necrotic hepatocytes.
What is the most likely cause of this condition?
a. Drug overdose
b. Bacterial infection
c. Viral infection
d. Alcoholic steatohepatitis - Answers D
During change-of-shift report, the nurse learns about the following four clients. Which client
requires the most rapid assessment?
a. 56-year-old who is recovering from a laparoscopic cholecystectomy and has severe shoulder
pain
b. 48-year-old who has compensated cirrhosis and is complaining of anorexia
c. 50-year-old with chronic pancreatitis who has gnawing abdominal pain
d. 45-year-old with cirrhosis and severe ascites who has an oral temperature of 38.8°C (101.8°F)
- Answers D
Manifestations associated with hepatic encephalopathy from chronic liver disease are the result
of:
a. decreased cerebral blood flow.
b. fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
c. hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice.
d. impaired ammonia metabolism. - Answers D
, A 52-year-old female presents with continuous abdominal pain that intensifies after eating. She
is diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis. Contributing factors include which of the following?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Alcohol abuse
b. Bulimia
c. History of gallstones
d. Trauma
e. Smoking - Answers A,C,E
An increase in the rate of red blood cell breakdown causes which form of jaundice?
a. Hemolytic
b. Hepatocellular
c. Metabolic
d. Obstructive - Answers A
The nurse is caring for a client with severe cirrhosis who has an episode of bleeding esophageal
varices. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to detect possible
complications of the bleeding episode?
a. Potassium
b. Bilirubin
c. Ammonia
d. Prothrombin time - Answers C
In alcoholic cirrhosis, hepatocellular damage is caused by:
a. acidosis.
b. fatty infiltrations.
c. bile toxicity.
d. acetaldehyde accumulation. - Answers D
In the liver, free bilirubin moves from the plasma in the sinusoids into the hepatocytes, where it
is converted into:
a. conjugated bilirubin.
A 50-year-old male reports episodes of frequently recurring crampy abdominal pain, diarrhea,
and bloody stools. What might a possible diagnosis be?
a. Ulcerative colitis
b. Hiatal hernia
c. Pyloric obstruction
d. Achalasia - Answers A
The autopsy of a 55-year-old revealed an inflamed and fatty liver, with necrotic hepatocytes.
What is the most likely cause of this condition?
a. Drug overdose
b. Bacterial infection
c. Viral infection
d. Alcoholic steatohepatitis - Answers D
During change-of-shift report, the nurse learns about the following four clients. Which client
requires the most rapid assessment?
a. 56-year-old who is recovering from a laparoscopic cholecystectomy and has severe shoulder
pain
b. 48-year-old who has compensated cirrhosis and is complaining of anorexia
c. 50-year-old with chronic pancreatitis who has gnawing abdominal pain
d. 45-year-old with cirrhosis and severe ascites who has an oral temperature of 38.8°C (101.8°F)
- Answers D
Manifestations associated with hepatic encephalopathy from chronic liver disease are the result
of:
a. decreased cerebral blood flow.
b. fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
c. hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice.
d. impaired ammonia metabolism. - Answers D
, A 52-year-old female presents with continuous abdominal pain that intensifies after eating. She
is diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis. Contributing factors include which of the following?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Alcohol abuse
b. Bulimia
c. History of gallstones
d. Trauma
e. Smoking - Answers A,C,E
An increase in the rate of red blood cell breakdown causes which form of jaundice?
a. Hemolytic
b. Hepatocellular
c. Metabolic
d. Obstructive - Answers A
The nurse is caring for a client with severe cirrhosis who has an episode of bleeding esophageal
varices. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to detect possible
complications of the bleeding episode?
a. Potassium
b. Bilirubin
c. Ammonia
d. Prothrombin time - Answers C
In alcoholic cirrhosis, hepatocellular damage is caused by:
a. acidosis.
b. fatty infiltrations.
c. bile toxicity.
d. acetaldehyde accumulation. - Answers D
In the liver, free bilirubin moves from the plasma in the sinusoids into the hepatocytes, where it
is converted into:
a. conjugated bilirubin.
