PUBP TEST PREP COURSEWORK SCRIPT
STUDY SHEET 2026 GRADED A+.
⫸ Stages Heuristic Model. Answer: 1. Problem identification 2.
Agenda Setting 3. Formulation 4. Legitimation 5. Implementation 6.
Evaluation
⫸ 2022 National Defense Strategy Key Points. Answer: Prevent
PRC's dominance in key regions while protecting the US homeland;
collaboration w NATO against Russian aggression; integrative
deterrence
⫸ Pew Report Key Points. Answer: Negative slide in economic
ratings - inflation as one of the top problems facing the nation;
significant difference between what Dems and Reps believe are the
largest problems; wide difference in views of the economy by age,
race, and ethnicity; personal financial ratings have fluctuated less
dramatically than national ratings
⫸ Issue recognition. Answer: When the problem is first noticed and
then perceived to have the potential for gov action - identify/describe
the problem - causes? concerns?
⫸ Establishing causality. Answer: Establish link between the problem
and its cause
, ⫸ Consensus - routinise (nodality). Answer: Managing the demands
making it onto the government agenda
⫸ Consensus - regularise (organization). Answer: Permitting issues
back on the governmental agenda at set intervals
⫸ Consensus - generate (treasure). Answer: Fostering policy
demands to help proactively shape governmental agendas
⫸ Imposition - impose (authority). Answer: unilaterally install
government issue priority onto the agenda in absence of consultation
⫸ Agendas. Answer: Plans of action or a list of topics being
considered by the public and policy makers - Congress members have
agendas that outline a list of issues that are a priority for them
⫸ Agenda levels. Answer: Agenda universe -> systemic agenda ->
institutional agenda -> decision agenda
⫸ Pluralism. Answer: Follows the belief that everyone has equal
access to influence policy making
⫸ Elite theory. Answer: Only a few prominent elites have the power
to influence policymaking
STUDY SHEET 2026 GRADED A+.
⫸ Stages Heuristic Model. Answer: 1. Problem identification 2.
Agenda Setting 3. Formulation 4. Legitimation 5. Implementation 6.
Evaluation
⫸ 2022 National Defense Strategy Key Points. Answer: Prevent
PRC's dominance in key regions while protecting the US homeland;
collaboration w NATO against Russian aggression; integrative
deterrence
⫸ Pew Report Key Points. Answer: Negative slide in economic
ratings - inflation as one of the top problems facing the nation;
significant difference between what Dems and Reps believe are the
largest problems; wide difference in views of the economy by age,
race, and ethnicity; personal financial ratings have fluctuated less
dramatically than national ratings
⫸ Issue recognition. Answer: When the problem is first noticed and
then perceived to have the potential for gov action - identify/describe
the problem - causes? concerns?
⫸ Establishing causality. Answer: Establish link between the problem
and its cause
, ⫸ Consensus - routinise (nodality). Answer: Managing the demands
making it onto the government agenda
⫸ Consensus - regularise (organization). Answer: Permitting issues
back on the governmental agenda at set intervals
⫸ Consensus - generate (treasure). Answer: Fostering policy
demands to help proactively shape governmental agendas
⫸ Imposition - impose (authority). Answer: unilaterally install
government issue priority onto the agenda in absence of consultation
⫸ Agendas. Answer: Plans of action or a list of topics being
considered by the public and policy makers - Congress members have
agendas that outline a list of issues that are a priority for them
⫸ Agenda levels. Answer: Agenda universe -> systemic agenda ->
institutional agenda -> decision agenda
⫸ Pluralism. Answer: Follows the belief that everyone has equal
access to influence policy making
⫸ Elite theory. Answer: Only a few prominent elites have the power
to influence policymaking
