NUR 518 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Public health - answers -the science/art of preventing disease, prolonging life and
promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts to ensure
a community standard of living adequate for health maintenance.
Key characteristics of public health nursing - answers -resolving health inequalities and
addressing the determinants of health
Community health - answers -an extension of public health that includes organized
health efforts (school groups, etc.) At the community level through both government and
private efforts.
Focus of community and public health - answers -health promotion and disease
prevention with an interdisciplinary effort
Primary prevention - answers -promoting health, protecting against health threats in the
community. Prevention of illnesses/injury before they begin.
Which level of prevention focuses on those with no disease? - answers -primary
preventiondetecting/treating problems in their early stage to half the progress.
Screening for illness/injury before they worsen.
Goals and examples of primary prevention - answers --reduce number of cases
-education, immunization
Secondary prevention - answers -detecting/treating problems in their early stage to half
the progress. Screening for illness/injury before they worsen.
Which level of prevention focuses on those with asymptomatic disease? - answers -
secondary prevention
Goals and examples of secondary prevention - answers --reduce # of severe cases
-low-dose aspirin, accomodations to prevent re-injury, mammogram, tb test
Tertiary prevention - answers -preventing existing problems from getting worse.
Treatment of illness to delay exacerbation. Maximize quality of life.
Which prevention focuses on those in the clinical course? - answers -tertiary prevention
Goals and examples of tertiary prevention - answers --reduce # of complications/death
-cardiac rehab, support groups
Determinants of health - answers -● health policy
, ● environmental
● access to care
● linking with people: social/spiritual
● the culture of health
● hereditary/biology
Core functions of public health - answers -1. Assessment
2. Policy development
3. Assurance
Assessment - answers -knowing what needs to be done
-monitor health, diagnose and investigate
Policy development - answers -being a part of the solution
-inform, educate, and empower
-mobilize community partnership and develop policy
Assurance - answers -making sure it happens
-enforce law, link toprovide care, ensure competent workforce, evaluate, research
Upstream interventions - answers -actions focus on modifying economic, political and
environmental factors that are the precursors of poor health throughout the world.
-tx of the root cause
Downstream interventions - answers -interventions operate at the micro (proximal)
level, including treatment systems, and disease management
-tx of the issue
Goals of population health (triple aim) - answers -(1) improve the patient experience of
care
(2) improve the health of populations
(3) reduce the per capita cost of health care.
3 levels of practice - answers -1. Individual/family focused practice
2. Community focused practice
3. Systems focused practice
Individual/family focused practice interventions - answers --changes knowledge,
attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of individuals.
-interventions are directed at individuals.
-may be done as part of a group.
-receive services because they are part of a population at-risk
Community focused practiced interventions - answers --changes community norms,
attitudes, practices, and behavior.
Public health - answers -the science/art of preventing disease, prolonging life and
promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts to ensure
a community standard of living adequate for health maintenance.
Key characteristics of public health nursing - answers -resolving health inequalities and
addressing the determinants of health
Community health - answers -an extension of public health that includes organized
health efforts (school groups, etc.) At the community level through both government and
private efforts.
Focus of community and public health - answers -health promotion and disease
prevention with an interdisciplinary effort
Primary prevention - answers -promoting health, protecting against health threats in the
community. Prevention of illnesses/injury before they begin.
Which level of prevention focuses on those with no disease? - answers -primary
preventiondetecting/treating problems in their early stage to half the progress.
Screening for illness/injury before they worsen.
Goals and examples of primary prevention - answers --reduce number of cases
-education, immunization
Secondary prevention - answers -detecting/treating problems in their early stage to half
the progress. Screening for illness/injury before they worsen.
Which level of prevention focuses on those with asymptomatic disease? - answers -
secondary prevention
Goals and examples of secondary prevention - answers --reduce # of severe cases
-low-dose aspirin, accomodations to prevent re-injury, mammogram, tb test
Tertiary prevention - answers -preventing existing problems from getting worse.
Treatment of illness to delay exacerbation. Maximize quality of life.
Which prevention focuses on those in the clinical course? - answers -tertiary prevention
Goals and examples of tertiary prevention - answers --reduce # of complications/death
-cardiac rehab, support groups
Determinants of health - answers -● health policy
, ● environmental
● access to care
● linking with people: social/spiritual
● the culture of health
● hereditary/biology
Core functions of public health - answers -1. Assessment
2. Policy development
3. Assurance
Assessment - answers -knowing what needs to be done
-monitor health, diagnose and investigate
Policy development - answers -being a part of the solution
-inform, educate, and empower
-mobilize community partnership and develop policy
Assurance - answers -making sure it happens
-enforce law, link toprovide care, ensure competent workforce, evaluate, research
Upstream interventions - answers -actions focus on modifying economic, political and
environmental factors that are the precursors of poor health throughout the world.
-tx of the root cause
Downstream interventions - answers -interventions operate at the micro (proximal)
level, including treatment systems, and disease management
-tx of the issue
Goals of population health (triple aim) - answers -(1) improve the patient experience of
care
(2) improve the health of populations
(3) reduce the per capita cost of health care.
3 levels of practice - answers -1. Individual/family focused practice
2. Community focused practice
3. Systems focused practice
Individual/family focused practice interventions - answers --changes knowledge,
attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of individuals.
-interventions are directed at individuals.
-may be done as part of a group.
-receive services because they are part of a population at-risk
Community focused practiced interventions - answers --changes community norms,
attitudes, practices, and behavior.
