Fetal Growth Assessment Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) ||Complete solutions.

Fetal Growth Assessment Intrauterine Growth
Restriction (IUGR) ||Complete solutions.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) correct answersdescribes a decrease in fetal growth rate
that prevents an infant from obtaining his or her complete growth potential

3% to 10% correct answersIUGR infants are small for gestational age (SGA) if their birth weight
measures less than __ to __ using standard growth curves.

True correct answersTrue or False. It is important to distinguish between infants who
experienced in utero growth restriction from infants with normal in utero growth but
constitutionally small (ie, no loss in percentiles throughout gestation)

Chromosomal abnormalities
Congenital malformations
Drugs
Infection
Early-onset preeclampsia
Preeclampsia superimposed with chronic hypertension
**Greater morbidity / mortality correct answersSymmetric IUGR - Etiology

Mostly extrinsic: placental and maternal vascular factors (e.g. placental insufficiency)
**Lower morbidity / mortality correct answersAsymmetric IUGR - Etiology

False. Some infants MAY have features of both types of IUGR correct answersTrue or False.
Some infants may not have features of both types (symmetric and asymmetric) of IUGR

Maternal, Placental, & Fetal etiologies correct answersWhat are the three types of etiologies of
IUGR?

Maternal etiologies correct answersWhat is the most common etiology cause of IUGR?

Vascular disorders (-25-30%)
Hypercoagulable states
Persistent hypoxia
Undernutrition, Toxins
Uterine malformation or masses correct answersSub titles for maternal disorders

Hypertension (most profound effect)
Diabetes Mellitus
Renal Disease
Collagen vascular disease correct answersExamples of Vascular disorders

Thrombophilia
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome correct answersExamples of Hypercoagulable States

, High altitude
Pulmonary or cardiac disease
Severe anemia correct answersExamples of Persistent Hypoxia

Tobacco
Alcohol
Medications
Illicit drugs
Irradiation correct answersExamples of Undernutrition, Toxins

Abnormal trophoblastic invasion
Placental infarcts
Placenta Previa
Circumvallate placenta
Chorioangiomata
Velamentous umbilical cord insertion
Umibilical-placenta vascular abnormalities correct answersSub titles for Placental

Western correct answersPlacental etiologies most occur in _____ societies

symmetric correct answersFetal etiologies is usually associated with early gestation _____ IUGR

Genetic (-20%)
Multiple gestation (5%)
Intrauterine infection (1st & 2nd trimester) correct answersSub titles for Fetal

Chromosomal abnormalities
(Trisomy 13, 18, and 21)
Syndromes/congenital malformations
(e.g. anencephaly) correct answersExamples of genetic

Cytomegalovirus
Malaria
Parvovirus
Rubella
Toxoplasmosis
Herpes virus
HIV correct answersExamples of Intrauterine infection (1st & 2nd trimester)

abnormal; inadequate; decreases correct answersIUGR can be caused by _____ placenta
function, _____ maternal supply of oxygen, which ____ ability of the fetus to use the supply.

villi; early correct answersAbnormal development, inadequate perfusion, and dysfunction of the
placental ____ are often responsible for the development of IUGR, especially the ____ onset
type.