Module 3: Fetal Growth and Development(Correct answers)

Module 3: Fetal Growth and Development(Correct
answers)
When does the embryo's heart start beating, and when is the placenta structurally complete?
correct answersThe embryo's heart starts beating by day 17 after conception, and the placenta is
structurally complete by the 12th week after conception.

What four hormones does the placenta produce and how do they function?

-protein and steroid correct answers1. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG):

-preserves the function of the corpus luteum, ensuring a continued supply of estrogen and
progesterone needed to maintain pregnancy

2. Human placental lactogen (hPL): AKA human chorionic somatotrophin (hCS):

-stimulates the maternal metabolism to supply nutrients for fetal growth
-increases maternal resistance to insulin, and facilitates glucose transport across the placental
membrane
-stimulates breast development in preparation for lactation

3. Progesterone:

-maintains endometrium
-decreases contractility of the uterus
-stimulates development of breast alveoli
-stimulates maternal metabolism

4. Estrogen:

-stimulates uterine growth and uteroplacental blood flow
-causes proliferation of breast glandular tissue

What are the four metabolic functions of the placenta? correct answersRespiration

Nutrition

Excretion

Storage

Describe the fetal and maternal sides of the placenta. correct answersThe fetal side of the
placenta is smooth, shiny, and bluishpurple, with veins branching out from the umbilical cord,
which is usually attached in the center to the edges of the placenta (like tree roots).