Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Review: NR 507 Questions & Answers (2026)

Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm Review: NR 507
Questions & Answers (2026)




Hypersensitivity: Type 1 - correct answersType 1: Allergic reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to
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mast cell degranulation
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Local symptoms:
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-itching

-rash

Systemic symptoms: m m




-wheezing

Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction
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systemic response of hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction
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Main treatment: epinephrine reverses the effects
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Hypersensitivity: Type 2 - correct answersType 2: Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific (ex: thyroid tissue)
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Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
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Can cause tissue damage or alter function
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, Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism) - example of altering thyroid function, but does not destroy thyroid tissue
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Incompatible blood type- example of cell/tissue damage that occurs; severe transfusion reaction occurs and
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the transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
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Type 1 Hypersensitivity VS. Type 2 Hypersensitivity - correct answersType 1 Hypersensitivity
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Organ Specific m




Antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface
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Type 2 Hypersensitivity
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Not Organ Specific
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Antibody binds to the soluble antigen outside the cell surface that was released into the blood or body fluids,
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and the complex is then deposited in the tissues
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Hypersensitivity: Type 3 - Examples - correct answersRheumatoid arthritis: Antigen/antibodies are
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deposited in the joints m m m




Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)- very closely related to autoimmunity- antigen/antibodies deposit in
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organs that cause tissue damage
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Hypersensitivity: Type 4 - correct answersDelayed response m m m m m m




Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes like Types 1, 2 and 3
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Is T-cell mediated
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Differentiating Between the Rash of a Type 1 vs. Type 4 Reaction: - correct answersType 1: Immediate
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hypersensitivity reactions, termed atopic dermatitis, are usually characterized by widely distributed lesions
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Type 4: Contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity) consists of lesions only at the site of contact with the
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allergen