NUR 2571 PROFESSIONAL NURSING 2 FINAL EXAM (2026/2027) | QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
NUR 2571: Professional Nursing 2 Comprehensive Final Examination | Core Domains: Leadership &
Management in Nursing, Quality Improvement & Patient Safety, Healthcare Policy & Advocacy,
Interprofessional Collaboration & Communication, Ethical & Legal Issues in Advanced Practice,
Healthcare Informatics & Technology, Professional Role Development, and Evidence-Based Practice &
Research Utilization | Nursing Program Focus | Professional Role & Leadership Final Exam Format
Exam Structure
The NUR 2571 Professional Nursing 2 Final Exam for the 2026/2027 academic cycle is a 100-question,
multiple-choice question (MCQ) examination.
Introduction
This NUR 2571 Professional Nursing 2 Final Exam guide for the 2026/2027 cycle prepares nursing
students for the summative assessment of professional nursing concepts beyond direct patient care. The
content emphasizes the nurse's role in leadership, healthcare systems, policy, quality improvement, and
ethical decision-making, integrating principles necessary for advancing the profession and improving
patient outcomes at organizational and societal levels.
Answer Format
All correct answers and professional principles must be presented in bold and green, followed by
detailed rationales that apply nursing leadership theories, reference healthcare policy and regulations
(e.g., ACA, HIPAA), explain quality improvement models (e.g., PDSA), and integrate ethical frameworks
and evidence-based practice into systems-level decision-making.
Full 100-Question NUR 2571 Professional Nursing 2 Final Exam
1. A nurse manager is implementing a new electronic health record (EHR) system. Which change theory
best supports a phased, staff-inclusive rollout?
A. Lewin’s Change Theory
B. Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model
C. Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation
D. Systems Theory
Kotter’s model emphasizes creating urgency, forming a coalition, communicating vision, and
empowering action—ideal for complex, organization-wide changes like EHR implementation. It
supports phased, staff-inclusive rollouts with strong communication and stakeholder engagement,
reducing resistance and improving adoption.
,2. Which regulatory requirement mandates that healthcare organizations report sentinel events to The
Joint Commission?
A. HIPAA
B. The Joint Commission Accreditation Standards
C. Affordable Care Act (ACA)
D. OSHA
While not legally required by federal law, accredited organizations must report sentinel events (e.g.,
wrong-site surgery, infant abduction) to The Joint Commission under its Accreditation Standards to
maintain accreditation and participate in root cause analysis.
3. A nurse notices a colleague accessing a celebrity’s medical record without authorization. What is the
most appropriate action?
A. Confront the colleague privately
B. Report the breach through the organization’s compliance channel per HIPAA
C. Ignore it if no harm occurred
D. Post about it on social media
HIPAA requires covered entities to have procedures for reporting privacy violations. The nurse has an
ethical and legal duty to report the breach through the organization’s compliance channel.
Failure to report could result in institutional penalties and personal liability.
4. Which quality improvement model uses the cycle: Plan → Do → Study → Act?
A. Six Sigma
B. Lean
C. PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act)
D. Root Cause Analysis (RCA)
The PDSA cycle, developed by Deming, is a foundational quality improvement model used in healthcare
to test small changes. It involves Plan-Do-Study-Act to iteratively improve processes based on data
and reflection.
,5. A nurse is advocating for Medicaid expansion in their state. Which domain of professional nursing does
this exemplify?
A. Direct patient care
B. Healthcare policy and advocacy
C. Clinical informatics
D. Staff scheduling
Advocating for policy changes that affect population access to care is a core responsibility of
professional nurses. This action falls under healthcare policy and advocacy, as outlined in the ANA
Scope and Standards of Practice.
6. In interprofessional collaboration, what is the primary purpose of SBAR communication?
A. To document care in the EHR
B. To provide a structured, concise method for critical information exchange
C. To assign blame for errors
D. To schedule team meetings
SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) is a standardized communication tool that
reduces errors by ensuring clarity during handoffs or urgent calls. Its purpose is to provide a
structured, concise method for critical information exchange among healthcare professionals.
7. Which ethical principle is violated when a nurse fails to obtain informed consent before a procedure?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make informed decisions about their care. Failing to obtain
informed consent disregards this right, thus violating autonomy.
, 8. A hospital implements barcode medication administration (BCMA). What is the primary patient safety
goal?
A. Reduce nursing documentation time
B. Prevent medication errors through the “five rights” verification
C. Eliminate the need for pharmacists
D. Increase billing accuracy
BCMA systems scan patient wristbands and medication barcodes to ensure the right drug, dose, route,
time, and patient. The primary goal is to prevent medication errors through the “five rights”
verification, aligning with National Patient Safety Goal 3.
9. According to the ANA Code of Ethics, which provision addresses the nurse’s responsibility to advance
health and human rights?
A. Provision 1
B. Provision 8
C. Provision 5
D. Provision 3
Provision 8 of the ANA Code of Ethics states: “The nurse collaborates with other health professionals
and the public to protect human rights, promote health diplomacy, and reduce health disparities.” Thus,
Provision 8 addresses this responsibility.
10. A nurse leader uses transformational leadership. Which behavior is most characteristic?
A. Assigning tasks without input
B. Inspiring staff through shared vision and professional growth opportunities
C. Enforcing rules rigidly
D. Avoiding conflict at all costs
Transformational leaders motivate by articulating a compelling vision, fostering innovation, and
supporting staff development. The hallmark behavior is to inspire staff through shared vision and
professional growth opportunities.
CORRECT ANSWERS
NUR 2571: Professional Nursing 2 Comprehensive Final Examination | Core Domains: Leadership &
Management in Nursing, Quality Improvement & Patient Safety, Healthcare Policy & Advocacy,
Interprofessional Collaboration & Communication, Ethical & Legal Issues in Advanced Practice,
Healthcare Informatics & Technology, Professional Role Development, and Evidence-Based Practice &
Research Utilization | Nursing Program Focus | Professional Role & Leadership Final Exam Format
Exam Structure
The NUR 2571 Professional Nursing 2 Final Exam for the 2026/2027 academic cycle is a 100-question,
multiple-choice question (MCQ) examination.
Introduction
This NUR 2571 Professional Nursing 2 Final Exam guide for the 2026/2027 cycle prepares nursing
students for the summative assessment of professional nursing concepts beyond direct patient care. The
content emphasizes the nurse's role in leadership, healthcare systems, policy, quality improvement, and
ethical decision-making, integrating principles necessary for advancing the profession and improving
patient outcomes at organizational and societal levels.
Answer Format
All correct answers and professional principles must be presented in bold and green, followed by
detailed rationales that apply nursing leadership theories, reference healthcare policy and regulations
(e.g., ACA, HIPAA), explain quality improvement models (e.g., PDSA), and integrate ethical frameworks
and evidence-based practice into systems-level decision-making.
Full 100-Question NUR 2571 Professional Nursing 2 Final Exam
1. A nurse manager is implementing a new electronic health record (EHR) system. Which change theory
best supports a phased, staff-inclusive rollout?
A. Lewin’s Change Theory
B. Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model
C. Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation
D. Systems Theory
Kotter’s model emphasizes creating urgency, forming a coalition, communicating vision, and
empowering action—ideal for complex, organization-wide changes like EHR implementation. It
supports phased, staff-inclusive rollouts with strong communication and stakeholder engagement,
reducing resistance and improving adoption.
,2. Which regulatory requirement mandates that healthcare organizations report sentinel events to The
Joint Commission?
A. HIPAA
B. The Joint Commission Accreditation Standards
C. Affordable Care Act (ACA)
D. OSHA
While not legally required by federal law, accredited organizations must report sentinel events (e.g.,
wrong-site surgery, infant abduction) to The Joint Commission under its Accreditation Standards to
maintain accreditation and participate in root cause analysis.
3. A nurse notices a colleague accessing a celebrity’s medical record without authorization. What is the
most appropriate action?
A. Confront the colleague privately
B. Report the breach through the organization’s compliance channel per HIPAA
C. Ignore it if no harm occurred
D. Post about it on social media
HIPAA requires covered entities to have procedures for reporting privacy violations. The nurse has an
ethical and legal duty to report the breach through the organization’s compliance channel.
Failure to report could result in institutional penalties and personal liability.
4. Which quality improvement model uses the cycle: Plan → Do → Study → Act?
A. Six Sigma
B. Lean
C. PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act)
D. Root Cause Analysis (RCA)
The PDSA cycle, developed by Deming, is a foundational quality improvement model used in healthcare
to test small changes. It involves Plan-Do-Study-Act to iteratively improve processes based on data
and reflection.
,5. A nurse is advocating for Medicaid expansion in their state. Which domain of professional nursing does
this exemplify?
A. Direct patient care
B. Healthcare policy and advocacy
C. Clinical informatics
D. Staff scheduling
Advocating for policy changes that affect population access to care is a core responsibility of
professional nurses. This action falls under healthcare policy and advocacy, as outlined in the ANA
Scope and Standards of Practice.
6. In interprofessional collaboration, what is the primary purpose of SBAR communication?
A. To document care in the EHR
B. To provide a structured, concise method for critical information exchange
C. To assign blame for errors
D. To schedule team meetings
SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) is a standardized communication tool that
reduces errors by ensuring clarity during handoffs or urgent calls. Its purpose is to provide a
structured, concise method for critical information exchange among healthcare professionals.
7. Which ethical principle is violated when a nurse fails to obtain informed consent before a procedure?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make informed decisions about their care. Failing to obtain
informed consent disregards this right, thus violating autonomy.
, 8. A hospital implements barcode medication administration (BCMA). What is the primary patient safety
goal?
A. Reduce nursing documentation time
B. Prevent medication errors through the “five rights” verification
C. Eliminate the need for pharmacists
D. Increase billing accuracy
BCMA systems scan patient wristbands and medication barcodes to ensure the right drug, dose, route,
time, and patient. The primary goal is to prevent medication errors through the “five rights”
verification, aligning with National Patient Safety Goal 3.
9. According to the ANA Code of Ethics, which provision addresses the nurse’s responsibility to advance
health and human rights?
A. Provision 1
B. Provision 8
C. Provision 5
D. Provision 3
Provision 8 of the ANA Code of Ethics states: “The nurse collaborates with other health professionals
and the public to protect human rights, promote health diplomacy, and reduce health disparities.” Thus,
Provision 8 addresses this responsibility.
10. A nurse leader uses transformational leadership. Which behavior is most characteristic?
A. Assigning tasks without input
B. Inspiring staff through shared vision and professional growth opportunities
C. Enforcing rules rigidly
D. Avoiding conflict at all costs
Transformational leaders motivate by articulating a compelling vision, fostering innovation, and
supporting staff development. The hallmark behavior is to inspire staff through shared vision and
professional growth opportunities.
