Pathophysiology HESI exam with |\ |\ |\ |\
answers
An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
events that does not favor stability and often abruptly
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
displaces a system from its steady state: what is that?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Positive Feedback
|\ |\
b. Negative Feedback
|\ |\
c. Disease
|\
d. Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a. positive
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
feedback
What organ shrinks with age?
|\ |\ |\ |\
a. Prostate
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b. Gums
|\
c. Heart
|\
d. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔b. gums
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Which of the following is true?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. An infant will have a slower heart rate than an adult
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
b. The elderly have better temperature sensations
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. There are more sweat glands in an elderly person
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,d. There is less thirst perception in the elderly - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔d. there is less thirst perception in the
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elderly
Which of the following is true?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Women snore more than men
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
b. Men have higher calcium levels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men
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d. Men have a lower creatinine level than women -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔c. Women have a lower |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hemoglobin than men |\ |\
An increase in normal adaptive response to the decreased
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
availability of oxygen at high altitude is termed which?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Circadian
|\
b. Acclimatization
|\
c. Population
|\
d. Diurnal - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔b. Acclimatization
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What does it mean when the cause of the disease is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
unwanted medical treatment? |\ |\
a. Idiopathic
|\
b. Ecogenetic
|\
c. Genotypical
|\
,d. Iatrogenic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d. Iatrogenic
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Which term is used for the first two months of life?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Infancy
|\
b. Childhood
|\
c. Prenatal
|\
d. Neonatal - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d. Neonatal
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Which is an objectively identifiable aberration of the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
disease?
a. Symptom
|\
b. Syndrome
|\
c. Stage
|\
d. Sign - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d. Sign
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which of the following is true regarding catecholamines?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous system
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
b. They cross the blood brain barrier
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔c. They include epinephrine and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
norepinephrine
, Which of the following is a true statement?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood volume
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
regulation
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in pain perception
|\ |\ |\
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in a decrease in pain perception
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
membranes?
a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
system
b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
endocytosis and exocytosis |\ |\
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
d. They cross by diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
They cross by diffusion
|\ |\ |\
Which of the following metabolic processes is a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
component of anabolic metabolism? |\ |\ |\
a. Protein synthesis
|\ |\
b. Glycolysis
|\
answers
An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
events that does not favor stability and often abruptly
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
displaces a system from its steady state: what is that?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Positive Feedback
|\ |\
b. Negative Feedback
|\ |\
c. Disease
|\
d. Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a. positive
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
feedback
What organ shrinks with age?
|\ |\ |\ |\
a. Prostate
|\
b. Gums
|\
c. Heart
|\
d. All of the above - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔b. gums
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which of the following is true?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. An infant will have a slower heart rate than an adult
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
b. The elderly have better temperature sensations
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. There are more sweat glands in an elderly person
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
,d. There is less thirst perception in the elderly - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔d. there is less thirst perception in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
elderly
Which of the following is true?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Women snore more than men
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
b. Men have higher calcium levels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
d. Men have a lower creatinine level than women -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔c. Women have a lower |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
hemoglobin than men |\ |\
An increase in normal adaptive response to the decreased
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
availability of oxygen at high altitude is termed which?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Circadian
|\
b. Acclimatization
|\
c. Population
|\
d. Diurnal - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔b. Acclimatization
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
What does it mean when the cause of the disease is
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
unwanted medical treatment? |\ |\
a. Idiopathic
|\
b. Ecogenetic
|\
c. Genotypical
|\
,d. Iatrogenic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d. Iatrogenic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which term is used for the first two months of life?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Infancy
|\
b. Childhood
|\
c. Prenatal
|\
d. Neonatal - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d. Neonatal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which is an objectively identifiable aberration of the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
disease?
a. Symptom
|\
b. Syndrome
|\
c. Stage
|\
d. Sign - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d. Sign
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
Which of the following is true regarding catecholamines?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous system
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
b. They cross the blood brain barrier
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔c. They include epinephrine and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
norepinephrine
, Which of the following is a true statement?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood volume
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
regulation
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in pain perception
|\ |\ |\
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
ANSWERS ✔✔b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
in a decrease in pain perception
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
membranes?
a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
system
b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
endocytosis and exocytosis |\ |\
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\
d. They cross by diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔d.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
They cross by diffusion
|\ |\ |\
Which of the following metabolic processes is a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
component of anabolic metabolism? |\ |\ |\
a. Protein synthesis
|\ |\
b. Glycolysis
|\
