BIOL 252 Exam 4 Study Guide
Questions with Actual Answers 2025-
2026 Updated.
Liver - Answer produces bile for fat emulsion
pancreas - Answer produces digestive enzymes. Accessory organ of the digestive system that
is both an endocrine and exocrine gland
components of bile - Answer minerals, bile pigments, bile acids (salts), phospholipids,
cholesterol
hepatic sinusoids - Answer blood filled channels between the layers of hepatocytes in the
liver
chymotrypsin and trypsin - Answer pancreatic enzymes that digest proteins
hepatic lobules - Answer microscopic subunits of the liver, each consisting of a central vein
passing down its core
cholecystokinin (CCK) - Answer in response to fat in the chyme, this hormone is secreted by
the duodenum to stimulate the pancreas to secrete enzymes, contract the gallbladder, and relax
the pyloric sphincter
hepatic macrophages - Answer cell in the liver that remove bacteria and debris from the
blood
gallbladder - Answer pear shaped sac on underside of the liver that serves to store and
concentrate bile
large intestine - Answer the portion of the alimentary canal that does not secrete digestive
enzymes, but does absorb water and electrolytes
emulsification - Answer process by which large drops of fat are broken apart into smaller fat
droplets
purposes for small intestine muscle contraction - Answer - mixing of chyme with secretions
- propel contents along intestines
, - mechanical digestion of food
- increase contact of chyme with intestinal lining
external anal sphincter - Answer sphincter under voluntary control
internal anal sphincter - Answer sphincter under involuntary control
stretching of rectum - Answer stimulus for defecation reflex
bacterial flora - Answer refers to the many species of bacteria residing in our large intestine
amylase (pancreatic or salivary) - Answer the enzyme that digests dietary starch
intestinal motility - Answer - move residue along the digestive tract
- mix chyme with secretions
- bring chyme into contact with intestinal lining
haustral contractions - Answer a form of segmentation that occurs in the large intestine
small intestine - Answer where does absorption of minerals take place?
chylomicrons - Answer particles that transport fats into lymph and blood
mass movements - Answer strong contractions within the large intestine that occur 1 to 3
times a day and function to move residue several cm at a time
Micelles - Answer transport fats in the intestine to the brush border of epithelial cells
renal corpuscle - Answer filters the blood plasma
renal tubule - Answer converts filtrate into urine
minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis -> ureter - Answer list in order the structures
through which a drop of urine will flow after it drains from renal papilla
Questions with Actual Answers 2025-
2026 Updated.
Liver - Answer produces bile for fat emulsion
pancreas - Answer produces digestive enzymes. Accessory organ of the digestive system that
is both an endocrine and exocrine gland
components of bile - Answer minerals, bile pigments, bile acids (salts), phospholipids,
cholesterol
hepatic sinusoids - Answer blood filled channels between the layers of hepatocytes in the
liver
chymotrypsin and trypsin - Answer pancreatic enzymes that digest proteins
hepatic lobules - Answer microscopic subunits of the liver, each consisting of a central vein
passing down its core
cholecystokinin (CCK) - Answer in response to fat in the chyme, this hormone is secreted by
the duodenum to stimulate the pancreas to secrete enzymes, contract the gallbladder, and relax
the pyloric sphincter
hepatic macrophages - Answer cell in the liver that remove bacteria and debris from the
blood
gallbladder - Answer pear shaped sac on underside of the liver that serves to store and
concentrate bile
large intestine - Answer the portion of the alimentary canal that does not secrete digestive
enzymes, but does absorb water and electrolytes
emulsification - Answer process by which large drops of fat are broken apart into smaller fat
droplets
purposes for small intestine muscle contraction - Answer - mixing of chyme with secretions
- propel contents along intestines
, - mechanical digestion of food
- increase contact of chyme with intestinal lining
external anal sphincter - Answer sphincter under voluntary control
internal anal sphincter - Answer sphincter under involuntary control
stretching of rectum - Answer stimulus for defecation reflex
bacterial flora - Answer refers to the many species of bacteria residing in our large intestine
amylase (pancreatic or salivary) - Answer the enzyme that digests dietary starch
intestinal motility - Answer - move residue along the digestive tract
- mix chyme with secretions
- bring chyme into contact with intestinal lining
haustral contractions - Answer a form of segmentation that occurs in the large intestine
small intestine - Answer where does absorption of minerals take place?
chylomicrons - Answer particles that transport fats into lymph and blood
mass movements - Answer strong contractions within the large intestine that occur 1 to 3
times a day and function to move residue several cm at a time
Micelles - Answer transport fats in the intestine to the brush border of epithelial cells
renal corpuscle - Answer filters the blood plasma
renal tubule - Answer converts filtrate into urine
minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis -> ureter - Answer list in order the structures
through which a drop of urine will flow after it drains from renal papilla
