COMD 4500 FINAL EXAM LATEST
Vocal Hyperfunction - ANSWERS-Characterized by excessive
laryngeal tension or overly forceful closure of vocal folds.
Atrophy treatment - ANSWERS-laryngeal injection-bulk up atrophied
fold
Vocal Hypofunction - ANSWERS-Characterized by incomplete closure
of the vocal folds:
1) Paralysis
2) Myasthenia Gravis
3) Muscular Dystrophy
Vocal Hypofuction Intervention - ANSWERS-1) Pushing/pulling
2) Increased loudness
3) Establish more efficient respiratory pattern
Vocal hyperfunction (treatment) - ANSWERS-1) Relax muscles
2) Reduce loudness
3) Soften glottal attacks
4) Adjust pitch
END OF
PAGE
1
, COMD 4500 FINAL EXAM LATEST
5) Phonating on inhalation
Spasmodic Dysphonia Adductor Type - ANSWERS-Vocal folds are
more in a tight, closed state
Spasmodic Dysphonia Abductor Type - ANSWERS-Vocal folds are
more open
spasmodic dysphonia (treatment) - ANSWERS-1) Adductor type is
treated with surgical and medical interventions
2) Resection of recurrent laryngeal nerve
3) Botox injection
4) Symptomatic voice techniques
Botox Injection Effectiveness
1) Adduction SD patients = 90% normal vocal function aver 15 weeks2)
Abduction SD patients = 67% normal function over 10.5 weeks
Symptomatic Voice Techniques
1) Circum laryngeal massage2) Proper breathing3) Inhalation phonation
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2
, COMD 4500 FINAL EXAM LATEST
Vocal Nodules - ANSWERS-Whitish benign growths that appear at the
junction of the anterior and middle 3rd of the vocal folds. They are
symmetrical and bilateral. At first soft, a little bit like as a blister is
fluid-filled and fairly soft if the vocal folds continue to be used in a very
harsh fashion, these nodules will toughen up and become a lot more
fibrotic - much like a callus
Vocal nodules (treatment)/Polyps (treatment) - ANSWERS--sometimes
surgery-microsurgery removing them
ALARYNGEAL SPEECH
Anatomic changes following supraglottic and laryngectomy -
ANSWERS--there is no connection between the mouth and the trachea
(alaryngeal means no larynx) larynx is removed because of cancer. 4x
more common in men but now women are catching up because of
smoking.
-can cause impairment of olfaction and taste
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PAGE
3
, COMD 4500 FINAL EXAM LATEST
without a larynx which activities are no longer possible - ANSWERS--
laugh
-cry
-cough
-sneeze
-phonate effortlessly
#Physical consequences
breathing through a stoma
significant scarring
impaired olfaction
impaired taste sensation
#Communication without a larynx
speech will never be the same again
post-op: notes, gestures
vocal tract filter still works to shape the new sound
need a new sound source
voice quality will usually be low-pitched, hoarse
END OF
PAGE
4
Vocal Hyperfunction - ANSWERS-Characterized by excessive
laryngeal tension or overly forceful closure of vocal folds.
Atrophy treatment - ANSWERS-laryngeal injection-bulk up atrophied
fold
Vocal Hypofunction - ANSWERS-Characterized by incomplete closure
of the vocal folds:
1) Paralysis
2) Myasthenia Gravis
3) Muscular Dystrophy
Vocal Hypofuction Intervention - ANSWERS-1) Pushing/pulling
2) Increased loudness
3) Establish more efficient respiratory pattern
Vocal hyperfunction (treatment) - ANSWERS-1) Relax muscles
2) Reduce loudness
3) Soften glottal attacks
4) Adjust pitch
END OF
PAGE
1
, COMD 4500 FINAL EXAM LATEST
5) Phonating on inhalation
Spasmodic Dysphonia Adductor Type - ANSWERS-Vocal folds are
more in a tight, closed state
Spasmodic Dysphonia Abductor Type - ANSWERS-Vocal folds are
more open
spasmodic dysphonia (treatment) - ANSWERS-1) Adductor type is
treated with surgical and medical interventions
2) Resection of recurrent laryngeal nerve
3) Botox injection
4) Symptomatic voice techniques
Botox Injection Effectiveness
1) Adduction SD patients = 90% normal vocal function aver 15 weeks2)
Abduction SD patients = 67% normal function over 10.5 weeks
Symptomatic Voice Techniques
1) Circum laryngeal massage2) Proper breathing3) Inhalation phonation
END OF
PAGE
2
, COMD 4500 FINAL EXAM LATEST
Vocal Nodules - ANSWERS-Whitish benign growths that appear at the
junction of the anterior and middle 3rd of the vocal folds. They are
symmetrical and bilateral. At first soft, a little bit like as a blister is
fluid-filled and fairly soft if the vocal folds continue to be used in a very
harsh fashion, these nodules will toughen up and become a lot more
fibrotic - much like a callus
Vocal nodules (treatment)/Polyps (treatment) - ANSWERS--sometimes
surgery-microsurgery removing them
ALARYNGEAL SPEECH
Anatomic changes following supraglottic and laryngectomy -
ANSWERS--there is no connection between the mouth and the trachea
(alaryngeal means no larynx) larynx is removed because of cancer. 4x
more common in men but now women are catching up because of
smoking.
-can cause impairment of olfaction and taste
END OF
PAGE
3
, COMD 4500 FINAL EXAM LATEST
without a larynx which activities are no longer possible - ANSWERS--
laugh
-cry
-cough
-sneeze
-phonate effortlessly
#Physical consequences
breathing through a stoma
significant scarring
impaired olfaction
impaired taste sensation
#Communication without a larynx
speech will never be the same again
post-op: notes, gestures
vocal tract filter still works to shape the new sound
need a new sound source
voice quality will usually be low-pitched, hoarse
END OF
PAGE
4
