Inquiry into Life Chapter 3: Cell
Biology Test Questions with Solved
Solutions.
The Cell Theory - Answer All organisms are made up of living units called cells.
Cells are capable of self-reproduction and new cells only come from preexisting cells
Prokaryotic Cells - Answer absence of a membrane-bound nucleus; smaller; generally
unicellular; have a cell wall
Domains: Achaea and Bacteria
Capsule/slime layer - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells) sugar coat
Flagella/Flagellum - Answer (Energy-related organelle) long, help some bacteria, sperm, and
protozoan attach to a surface, allows them to move, in bacteria it rotates, like a tail, 9 + 2
pattern of microtubules, function: movement of cell
Plasma Membrane - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells) all cells have them, consists of
phospholipid bilayer (2 layers) with proteins embedded, gatekeeper, surrounding cytoplasm,
regulates entrance and exit of molecules in the cell
Nucleoid - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells) has single chromosome (loop of DNA), located
within the region of the cytoplasm is not bounded by Nuclear Envelope
Secretion - Answer substances released from the cell that is useful
Excretion - Answer substances that is released from the cell that is not useful
Plasmids - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells) extra or small accessory rings of DNA, only some
Prokaryotic cells have them, self-duplicating, in cytoplasm
Thylakoids - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells, Part of Chloroplasts) light sensitive pigments,
usually within the membranes of flattened disk sac, within granum whose membrane contains
chlorophyll, light dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur
Eukaryotic Cells - Answer meaning true nucleus; large; structurally complex; have a nucleus
which separates the chromosomes (DNA) from the cytoplasm of the cell
Domain: Eukarya
, Cell Wall - Answer (Outer Boundaries) only in plants, protistan, fungal, or bacteria cells,
protective, contains cellulose, plasma membrane inside, maintains shape
Cell Membrane - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells, Outer Boundaries)- gatekeeper, lets some
substances in meaning its selective permeable, in plants and animals
Selective Permeable - Answer is selective about the substances it brings into the cell
Organelles of Animal and Plant Cells (Eukaryotic Cells) - Answer small, often membranous
structure in the cytoplasm having a specific structure and function
Chromatin - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- spread out DNA, when divided it forms
chromosomes, network of fibrils, associated proteins observed within the nucleus when the cell
is not dividing
Nucleus - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- boss of the cell, control center, Function: storage of
genetic info, synthesis of DNA and RNA
Nucleolus - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- where RNA is located, RNA helps DNA, dark staining
area inside the center of the Nucleus, Function: ribosomal subunit formation
Nuclear Pores - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- openings in the nuclear envelope that permits the
passage of proteins into the nucleus and ribosomal subunits out of the nucleus
Ribosomes - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- RNA and protein in two subunits, site of protein
synthesis in cytoplasm
Polyribosomes - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- string of ribosomes simultaneously translating
regions of the same mRNA strand during protein synthesis
Endomembrane System - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- membranous system of tubules, vesicles
and sacs in cells, Function: synthesis and/or modification of proteins and other substances, and
distribution by vesicle formation
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- network of folded membranes
studded with ribosomes, Function: folding, modification, and transport of proteins
Biology Test Questions with Solved
Solutions.
The Cell Theory - Answer All organisms are made up of living units called cells.
Cells are capable of self-reproduction and new cells only come from preexisting cells
Prokaryotic Cells - Answer absence of a membrane-bound nucleus; smaller; generally
unicellular; have a cell wall
Domains: Achaea and Bacteria
Capsule/slime layer - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells) sugar coat
Flagella/Flagellum - Answer (Energy-related organelle) long, help some bacteria, sperm, and
protozoan attach to a surface, allows them to move, in bacteria it rotates, like a tail, 9 + 2
pattern of microtubules, function: movement of cell
Plasma Membrane - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells) all cells have them, consists of
phospholipid bilayer (2 layers) with proteins embedded, gatekeeper, surrounding cytoplasm,
regulates entrance and exit of molecules in the cell
Nucleoid - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells) has single chromosome (loop of DNA), located
within the region of the cytoplasm is not bounded by Nuclear Envelope
Secretion - Answer substances released from the cell that is useful
Excretion - Answer substances that is released from the cell that is not useful
Plasmids - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells) extra or small accessory rings of DNA, only some
Prokaryotic cells have them, self-duplicating, in cytoplasm
Thylakoids - Answer (in Prokaryotic Cells, Part of Chloroplasts) light sensitive pigments,
usually within the membranes of flattened disk sac, within granum whose membrane contains
chlorophyll, light dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur
Eukaryotic Cells - Answer meaning true nucleus; large; structurally complex; have a nucleus
which separates the chromosomes (DNA) from the cytoplasm of the cell
Domain: Eukarya
, Cell Wall - Answer (Outer Boundaries) only in plants, protistan, fungal, or bacteria cells,
protective, contains cellulose, plasma membrane inside, maintains shape
Cell Membrane - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells, Outer Boundaries)- gatekeeper, lets some
substances in meaning its selective permeable, in plants and animals
Selective Permeable - Answer is selective about the substances it brings into the cell
Organelles of Animal and Plant Cells (Eukaryotic Cells) - Answer small, often membranous
structure in the cytoplasm having a specific structure and function
Chromatin - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- spread out DNA, when divided it forms
chromosomes, network of fibrils, associated proteins observed within the nucleus when the cell
is not dividing
Nucleus - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- boss of the cell, control center, Function: storage of
genetic info, synthesis of DNA and RNA
Nucleolus - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- where RNA is located, RNA helps DNA, dark staining
area inside the center of the Nucleus, Function: ribosomal subunit formation
Nuclear Pores - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- openings in the nuclear envelope that permits the
passage of proteins into the nucleus and ribosomal subunits out of the nucleus
Ribosomes - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- RNA and protein in two subunits, site of protein
synthesis in cytoplasm
Polyribosomes - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- string of ribosomes simultaneously translating
regions of the same mRNA strand during protein synthesis
Endomembrane System - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- membranous system of tubules, vesicles
and sacs in cells, Function: synthesis and/or modification of proteins and other substances, and
distribution by vesicle formation
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer (Eukaryotic Cells)- network of folded membranes
studded with ribosomes, Function: folding, modification, and transport of proteins
