1
UTA A&P 2 Exam 2 Questions with Correct
Answers | Updated (100% Correct Answers)
What are the two main components of the digestive system?—
Answer: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract (alimentary canal) and
accessory digestive organs.
What is the function of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?— Answer:
Transport, digestion, and absorption of food.
List the seven divisions of the GI tract.— Answer: Oral cavity,
pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and
anus.
What are accessory digestive organs?— Answer: Structures that
assist digestive organs but do not directly interact with food,
including teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and
pancreas.
What is mechanical digestion?— Answer: The physical breakdown
of food into smaller pieces.
What is chemical digestion?— Answer: The breakdown of food
molecules by enzymes, resulting in new kinds of molecules.
© 2025 All rights reserved
,2
What is the role of enzymes in digestion?— Answer: Enzymes
facilitate the chemical digestion of food by breaking chemical
bonds.
What are the main enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion?—
Answer: Salivary amylase, pancreatic amylase, maltase, sucrase, and
lactase.
What enzyme is responsible for protein digestion in the stomach?—
Answer: Pepsin.
What are the steps of the digestive process?— Answer: Ingestion,
secretion, digestion, motility, absorption, and egestion (defecation).
What is the function of the mucosa in the digestive tract?—
Answer: It lines the GI tract and contains epithelial cells that secrete
substances and absorb nutrients.
What are the four tissue layers of the GI tract?— Answer: Mucosa,
submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa (or adventitia).
What is the role of the submucosal plexus?— Answer: It regulates
gastrointestinal secretions.
What is the role of the myenteric plexus?— Answer: It regulates
gastrointestinal motility.
© 2025 All rights reserved
,3
What types of cells are found in the mucosa?— Answer: Exocrine
cells (secreting mucus, enzymes, acids), endocrine cells (hormones),
and absorptive cells (enterocytes).
What are Peyer's patches?— Answer: Immune nodules found in the
small intestine.
How does diet affect digestion and health?— Answer: Diet
influences the efficiency of digestion, nutrient absorption, and
overall health.
What are the four main types of secreting cells in gastric glands?—
Answer: Parietal cells (HCl), chief cells (pepsinogen), mucous cells
(mucus), and enteroendocrine cells (hormones).
What is the significance of enamel in teeth?— Answer: Enamel
protects the tooth and is the hardest substance in the body.
What is the function of the salivary glands?— Answer: They secrete
saliva, which contains enzymes that begin the digestion of
carbohydrates.
What is the role of the liver in digestion?— Answer: The liver
produces bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats.
What is the function of the gallbladder?— Answer: It stores and
concentrates bile produced by the liver.
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4
What is the function of the pancreas in digestion?— Answer: The
pancreas produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize
stomach acid in the small intestine.
What is the role of bacterial flora in the digestive system?—
Answer: They aid in digestion, produce vitamins, and protect
against harmful bacteria.
What is the difference between motility and secretion in
digestion?— Answer: Motility refers to the movement of food
through the GI tract, while secretion refers to the release of
digestive juices and enzymes.
What is the submucosa in the GI tract?— Answer: The submucosa is
the connective tissue layer underneath the mucosa that contains
blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves.
What are the two plexuses found in the submucosa?— Answer: The
submucosal plexus and the myenteric plexus.
What is the function of the submucosal plexus?— Answer: It alters
exocrine and endocrine secretions and changes the lumen shape via
the underlying muscularis mucosae.
How does the enteric nervous system interact with the CNS and
ANS?— Answer: While the plexuses function independently, sensory
© 2025 All rights reserved
UTA A&P 2 Exam 2 Questions with Correct
Answers | Updated (100% Correct Answers)
What are the two main components of the digestive system?—
Answer: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract (alimentary canal) and
accessory digestive organs.
What is the function of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?— Answer:
Transport, digestion, and absorption of food.
List the seven divisions of the GI tract.— Answer: Oral cavity,
pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and
anus.
What are accessory digestive organs?— Answer: Structures that
assist digestive organs but do not directly interact with food,
including teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and
pancreas.
What is mechanical digestion?— Answer: The physical breakdown
of food into smaller pieces.
What is chemical digestion?— Answer: The breakdown of food
molecules by enzymes, resulting in new kinds of molecules.
© 2025 All rights reserved
,2
What is the role of enzymes in digestion?— Answer: Enzymes
facilitate the chemical digestion of food by breaking chemical
bonds.
What are the main enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion?—
Answer: Salivary amylase, pancreatic amylase, maltase, sucrase, and
lactase.
What enzyme is responsible for protein digestion in the stomach?—
Answer: Pepsin.
What are the steps of the digestive process?— Answer: Ingestion,
secretion, digestion, motility, absorption, and egestion (defecation).
What is the function of the mucosa in the digestive tract?—
Answer: It lines the GI tract and contains epithelial cells that secrete
substances and absorb nutrients.
What are the four tissue layers of the GI tract?— Answer: Mucosa,
submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa (or adventitia).
What is the role of the submucosal plexus?— Answer: It regulates
gastrointestinal secretions.
What is the role of the myenteric plexus?— Answer: It regulates
gastrointestinal motility.
© 2025 All rights reserved
,3
What types of cells are found in the mucosa?— Answer: Exocrine
cells (secreting mucus, enzymes, acids), endocrine cells (hormones),
and absorptive cells (enterocytes).
What are Peyer's patches?— Answer: Immune nodules found in the
small intestine.
How does diet affect digestion and health?— Answer: Diet
influences the efficiency of digestion, nutrient absorption, and
overall health.
What are the four main types of secreting cells in gastric glands?—
Answer: Parietal cells (HCl), chief cells (pepsinogen), mucous cells
(mucus), and enteroendocrine cells (hormones).
What is the significance of enamel in teeth?— Answer: Enamel
protects the tooth and is the hardest substance in the body.
What is the function of the salivary glands?— Answer: They secrete
saliva, which contains enzymes that begin the digestion of
carbohydrates.
What is the role of the liver in digestion?— Answer: The liver
produces bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats.
What is the function of the gallbladder?— Answer: It stores and
concentrates bile produced by the liver.
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4
What is the function of the pancreas in digestion?— Answer: The
pancreas produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize
stomach acid in the small intestine.
What is the role of bacterial flora in the digestive system?—
Answer: They aid in digestion, produce vitamins, and protect
against harmful bacteria.
What is the difference between motility and secretion in
digestion?— Answer: Motility refers to the movement of food
through the GI tract, while secretion refers to the release of
digestive juices and enzymes.
What is the submucosa in the GI tract?— Answer: The submucosa is
the connective tissue layer underneath the mucosa that contains
blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves.
What are the two plexuses found in the submucosa?— Answer: The
submucosal plexus and the myenteric plexus.
What is the function of the submucosal plexus?— Answer: It alters
exocrine and endocrine secretions and changes the lumen shape via
the underlying muscularis mucosae.
How does the enteric nervous system interact with the CNS and
ANS?— Answer: While the plexuses function independently, sensory
© 2025 All rights reserved
