2800 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Determinants of Health -
Current trends & issues in healthcare related to chronic illness. - ANS -Expanding knowledge
& technology
-Increase in diverse populations
-Growing proportion of older adults in US
-Use of complementary & alternative medicine
-Nursing shortage
-Expanded career roles for nurses
-Use of nursing assistive personnel
How will the increase in diverse populations impact patient care? - ANS -People are living
longer
-# of people living with comorbidities is increasing
-Care for these people are shifting beyond the hospital
How does consumerism impact patient care? - ANS -Pt's are more involved in their
healthcare
-Want more control over their care & expect high-quality care
-Health information is readily available
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,-Most pt's are very knowledgeable about their health & seek information about their problems
from different media sources
How does the national economy impact healthcare? - ANS -When unemployment rise, so
does # of people w/o health insurance
-Many uninsured people delay getting treatment which leads to sicker patients entering the
healthcare system. This uses up the system's resources & raises the level of nursing care
required
-Healthcare is expensive to operate
-Downturns in economy limit the medications & services available
Why is healthcare legislation important? - ANS -Legislation focuses on the patient, such as
confidentiality of the patient, treating patients who need emergency care, the patient's right to
know (informed consent), & the patient's right to a dignified death.
-Controls safe working conditions, etc.
What is collective bargaining? - ANS -Form of negotiation that allows nurses to seek better
wages & working conditions as a group instead of individually.
-A union or organization that represents nurses usually does the bargaining
How can nurses influence healthcare policy? - ANS Vote, lobby their elected representatives,
& run for political office.
What factors increase host susceptibility? - ANS -Developmental stages
-Breaks in the first line of defense
-Illness/injury
-Tobacco/substance abuse
-Multiple sexual partners
-Environmental factors
"Chronic disease
"Medications
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,"Invasive medical procedures
Why are those with chronic diseases at higher risk for infection? - ANS Many chronic diseases
diminish the body's ability to fight infection, depleted resources.
What is medical asepsis "clean technique"? - ANS Procedures that decrease potential spread
of infections.
E.g.) handwashing
What are standard precautions? - ANS -1st tier or protection
-Concepts in which all body fluids are assumed to be infected with blood-borne pathogens
-Gloves, mask, eye protection
When should the nurse wear masks & eye protection? - ANS When performing activities
likely to generate splashes
When should the nurse wear gloves? - ANS If you have an area of irritation or a break in the
skin; when coming in contact with blood or other potentially infectious material, mucous
membranes, & non-intact skin.
What are transmission based precautions? - ANS Used in ADDITION to Standard Precautions
-2nd tier of protection
-Based on the mode of transmission of the infection
-Contact, droplet, or airborne
What is required for contact precautions? When should we use these precautions? - ANS -For
organisms spread by direct contact with the patient or his environment.
-Common forms of transmission include: draining wounds, dressings, patient supplies, &
secretions.
-Indirect contact with fomites also transmits pathogens by contact
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, -MRSA, VRE, RSV, open wounds, diarrhea
What type of room should a patient be placed in when on contact precautions? - ANS Private
room
What is the PPE that should be used during contact precautions? - ANS -Follow standard
precautions
-Clean, nonsterile gloves when coming in contact w/ non-intact skin
-Don gloves before entering room
-Wear gown if clothing may get contaminated
What are droplet precautions? When should we use these precautions? - ANS -When the
pathogen can be spread by moist, large droplets
-E.g.) sneezing, laughing, talking
-Droplets can be spread by direct contact with mucous membranes, indirect contact, or
suctioning.
-Influenza, pneumonia, pertusis, meningitis
What type of room should a patient be placed in when on droplet precautions? - ANS Private
room
-Place surgical mask on pt. if being transported to another department
What is airborne precautions and when should we use these precautions? - ANS To control
the spread of infections that are transmitted person to person on air currents. E.g.) tuberculosis,
measles, chicken pox
What type of room should a pt. on airborne precautions be placed in? - ANS Airborne
infection isolation room (AIIR). Means air is filtered.
What is a airborne infection isolation room? - ANS -Has negative pressure that discharges and
exchanges the air outside or through a filtration system.
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Determinants of Health -
Current trends & issues in healthcare related to chronic illness. - ANS -Expanding knowledge
& technology
-Increase in diverse populations
-Growing proportion of older adults in US
-Use of complementary & alternative medicine
-Nursing shortage
-Expanded career roles for nurses
-Use of nursing assistive personnel
How will the increase in diverse populations impact patient care? - ANS -People are living
longer
-# of people living with comorbidities is increasing
-Care for these people are shifting beyond the hospital
How does consumerism impact patient care? - ANS -Pt's are more involved in their
healthcare
-Want more control over their care & expect high-quality care
-Health information is readily available
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,-Most pt's are very knowledgeable about their health & seek information about their problems
from different media sources
How does the national economy impact healthcare? - ANS -When unemployment rise, so
does # of people w/o health insurance
-Many uninsured people delay getting treatment which leads to sicker patients entering the
healthcare system. This uses up the system's resources & raises the level of nursing care
required
-Healthcare is expensive to operate
-Downturns in economy limit the medications & services available
Why is healthcare legislation important? - ANS -Legislation focuses on the patient, such as
confidentiality of the patient, treating patients who need emergency care, the patient's right to
know (informed consent), & the patient's right to a dignified death.
-Controls safe working conditions, etc.
What is collective bargaining? - ANS -Form of negotiation that allows nurses to seek better
wages & working conditions as a group instead of individually.
-A union or organization that represents nurses usually does the bargaining
How can nurses influence healthcare policy? - ANS Vote, lobby their elected representatives,
& run for political office.
What factors increase host susceptibility? - ANS -Developmental stages
-Breaks in the first line of defense
-Illness/injury
-Tobacco/substance abuse
-Multiple sexual partners
-Environmental factors
"Chronic disease
"Medications
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,"Invasive medical procedures
Why are those with chronic diseases at higher risk for infection? - ANS Many chronic diseases
diminish the body's ability to fight infection, depleted resources.
What is medical asepsis "clean technique"? - ANS Procedures that decrease potential spread
of infections.
E.g.) handwashing
What are standard precautions? - ANS -1st tier or protection
-Concepts in which all body fluids are assumed to be infected with blood-borne pathogens
-Gloves, mask, eye protection
When should the nurse wear masks & eye protection? - ANS When performing activities
likely to generate splashes
When should the nurse wear gloves? - ANS If you have an area of irritation or a break in the
skin; when coming in contact with blood or other potentially infectious material, mucous
membranes, & non-intact skin.
What are transmission based precautions? - ANS Used in ADDITION to Standard Precautions
-2nd tier of protection
-Based on the mode of transmission of the infection
-Contact, droplet, or airborne
What is required for contact precautions? When should we use these precautions? - ANS -For
organisms spread by direct contact with the patient or his environment.
-Common forms of transmission include: draining wounds, dressings, patient supplies, &
secretions.
-Indirect contact with fomites also transmits pathogens by contact
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, -MRSA, VRE, RSV, open wounds, diarrhea
What type of room should a patient be placed in when on contact precautions? - ANS Private
room
What is the PPE that should be used during contact precautions? - ANS -Follow standard
precautions
-Clean, nonsterile gloves when coming in contact w/ non-intact skin
-Don gloves before entering room
-Wear gown if clothing may get contaminated
What are droplet precautions? When should we use these precautions? - ANS -When the
pathogen can be spread by moist, large droplets
-E.g.) sneezing, laughing, talking
-Droplets can be spread by direct contact with mucous membranes, indirect contact, or
suctioning.
-Influenza, pneumonia, pertusis, meningitis
What type of room should a patient be placed in when on droplet precautions? - ANS Private
room
-Place surgical mask on pt. if being transported to another department
What is airborne precautions and when should we use these precautions? - ANS To control
the spread of infections that are transmitted person to person on air currents. E.g.) tuberculosis,
measles, chicken pox
What type of room should a pt. on airborne precautions be placed in? - ANS Airborne
infection isolation room (AIIR). Means air is filtered.
What is a airborne infection isolation room? - ANS -Has negative pressure that discharges and
exchanges the air outside or through a filtration system.
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
