Medical Interventions Unit 3 Test
Questions and Already Passed
Answers.
Apoptosis - Answer The changes that occur within a cell as it undergoes programmed cell
death, which is brought about by signals that trigger the activation of a cascade of suicide
proteins in the cell destined to die.
Biopsy - Answer The removal and examination of tissue, cells, or fluids from the living body.
Bone Scan - Answer A test that detects areas of increased or decreased bone metabolism;
test is performed to identify abnormal processes involving the bone such as tumor, infection, or
fracture.
Cancer - Answer A malignant tumor of potentially unlimited growth that expands locally and
systemically.
Cell Cycle - Answer An ordered sequence of events in the life of a eukaryotic cell, from its
origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two.
Computed Tomography Scan (CT or CAT Scan) - Answer A sectional 3-dimensional view of the
body constructed by computed tomography.
Diagnostic Imaging - Answer Technologies that doctors use to look inside your body for clues
about a medical condition; includes X-rays, CT scans, nuclear medicine scans, MRI scans and
ultrasound.
DNA Microarray - Answer A microarray of immobilized single-stranded DNA fragments of
known nucleotide sequence that is used especially in the identification and sequencing of DNA
samples and in the analysis of gene expression (as in a cell or tissue).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - Answer A noninvasive diagnostic technique that
produces computerized images of internal body tissues and is based on nuclear magnetic
resonance of atoms within the body induced by the application of radio waves.
Oncogene - Answer A gene having the potential to cause a normal cell to become cancerous.
Osteosarcoma - Answer A cancer derived from bone or containing bone tissue.
, Proto-oncogene - Answer A normal cellular gene corresponding to an oncogene; a gene with
a potential to cause cancer but that requires some alteration to become an oncogene.
Radiology - Answer A branch of medicine concerned with the use of radiant energy (as X-rays
or ultrasound) in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Risk Factor - Answer Something which increases risk or susceptibility.
Tumor Suppressor Gene - Answer A gene whose protein products inhibit cell division,
thereby preventing uncontrolled cell growth (cancer).
X-ray - Answer To examine, treat, or photograph with X-rays.
Allele - Answer Any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a given locus
BRCA - Answer Either of two tumor suppressor genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) that in mutated
form tend to be associated with an increased risk of certain cancers and especially breast and
ovarian cancers
Cryosurgery - Answer Surgery in which diseased or abnormal tissue (as a tumor or wart) is
destroyed or removed by freezing (as by the use of liquid nitrogen)
Familial Cancer - Answer Cancer that occurs in families more often than would be expected
by chance. These cancers often occur at an early age, and may indicate the presence of a gene
mutation that increases the risk of cancer. They may also be a sign of shared environmental or
lifestyle factors.
Genetic Marker - Answer Alteration in DNA that may indicate an increased risk of developing
a specific disease or disorder
Hereditary Cancer - Answer An inherited disorder in which affected individuals have a
higher-than-normal chance of developing certain types of cancer, often before the age of 50
Marker Analysis - Answer A genetic technique whereby the sequence of the gene is not
directly analyzed, but the mutant copy (allele) of the gene is inferred through analysis of a
genetic marker
Microsatellite (also known as Short Tandem Repeats-STRs) - Answer Any of numerous short
segments of DNA that are distributed throughout the genome, that consist of repeated
Questions and Already Passed
Answers.
Apoptosis - Answer The changes that occur within a cell as it undergoes programmed cell
death, which is brought about by signals that trigger the activation of a cascade of suicide
proteins in the cell destined to die.
Biopsy - Answer The removal and examination of tissue, cells, or fluids from the living body.
Bone Scan - Answer A test that detects areas of increased or decreased bone metabolism;
test is performed to identify abnormal processes involving the bone such as tumor, infection, or
fracture.
Cancer - Answer A malignant tumor of potentially unlimited growth that expands locally and
systemically.
Cell Cycle - Answer An ordered sequence of events in the life of a eukaryotic cell, from its
origin in the division of a parent cell until its own division into two.
Computed Tomography Scan (CT or CAT Scan) - Answer A sectional 3-dimensional view of the
body constructed by computed tomography.
Diagnostic Imaging - Answer Technologies that doctors use to look inside your body for clues
about a medical condition; includes X-rays, CT scans, nuclear medicine scans, MRI scans and
ultrasound.
DNA Microarray - Answer A microarray of immobilized single-stranded DNA fragments of
known nucleotide sequence that is used especially in the identification and sequencing of DNA
samples and in the analysis of gene expression (as in a cell or tissue).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - Answer A noninvasive diagnostic technique that
produces computerized images of internal body tissues and is based on nuclear magnetic
resonance of atoms within the body induced by the application of radio waves.
Oncogene - Answer A gene having the potential to cause a normal cell to become cancerous.
Osteosarcoma - Answer A cancer derived from bone or containing bone tissue.
, Proto-oncogene - Answer A normal cellular gene corresponding to an oncogene; a gene with
a potential to cause cancer but that requires some alteration to become an oncogene.
Radiology - Answer A branch of medicine concerned with the use of radiant energy (as X-rays
or ultrasound) in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Risk Factor - Answer Something which increases risk or susceptibility.
Tumor Suppressor Gene - Answer A gene whose protein products inhibit cell division,
thereby preventing uncontrolled cell growth (cancer).
X-ray - Answer To examine, treat, or photograph with X-rays.
Allele - Answer Any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a given locus
BRCA - Answer Either of two tumor suppressor genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) that in mutated
form tend to be associated with an increased risk of certain cancers and especially breast and
ovarian cancers
Cryosurgery - Answer Surgery in which diseased or abnormal tissue (as a tumor or wart) is
destroyed or removed by freezing (as by the use of liquid nitrogen)
Familial Cancer - Answer Cancer that occurs in families more often than would be expected
by chance. These cancers often occur at an early age, and may indicate the presence of a gene
mutation that increases the risk of cancer. They may also be a sign of shared environmental or
lifestyle factors.
Genetic Marker - Answer Alteration in DNA that may indicate an increased risk of developing
a specific disease or disorder
Hereditary Cancer - Answer An inherited disorder in which affected individuals have a
higher-than-normal chance of developing certain types of cancer, often before the age of 50
Marker Analysis - Answer A genetic technique whereby the sequence of the gene is not
directly analyzed, but the mutant copy (allele) of the gene is inferred through analysis of a
genetic marker
Microsatellite (also known as Short Tandem Repeats-STRs) - Answer Any of numerous short
segments of DNA that are distributed throughout the genome, that consist of repeated
