AORN Perioperative 101 – Terminology with all Correct
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First forms of anesthesia: ✔Correct Answer-Nitrous Oxide and ether
Who may provide anesthesia care? (4 answers) ✔Correct Answer-Anesthesiologist, CRNA,
Anesthesiologist assistant, perioperative nurse
Factors to consider when determining what anesthetic to use for a particular patient: (8 answers)
✔Correct Answer--pt/surgeon preference
-Surgical procedure
-Physical Status
-Age
-Postoperative recovery time
-Length of surgery
-Position of pt
-Pt previous experience with anesthesia
General Anesthesia ✔Correct Answer-a reversible state of unconsciousness, consisting of amnesia,
analgesia, and muscle relaxation
Regional Anesthesia ✔Correct Answer-a reversible loss of sensation, which is achieved by injecting
a local anesthetic to block the nerve fibers from transmitting impulses.
Local Anesthesia ✔Correct Answer-functions like regional anesthesia but usually applies to a
smaller area or a single body part such as a finger or a toe.
Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) ✔Correct Answer-consists of intravenous medications and
concurrent local infiltration of tissue at the surgical site
What are the Four STAGES of Anesthesia? ✔Correct Answer-• Stage I: Initial Administration - The
first stage is the actual administering of the anesthetic drugs. There are only a few seconds in
between the initial administering of the drug and unconsciousness.
• Stage II: Excitement - In Stage II the patient is now unconscious. Also known as "excitement", is the
time from loss of consciousness to the loss of eyelid reflex. Involuntary movements may occur at this
time.
• Stage III: Intrasurgery - This is the time of surgical anesthesia. The patient has rapid eye movement
and breathing may be labored until the muscles completely relax. It is time to start the surgery.
• Stage IV: Possibility of respiratory failure - During this last stage of anesthesia, the patient might
need help. If too much anesthesia has been given, this stage is characterized by respiratory failure,
leading to circulatory failure. Without breathing apparatus and heart support, the patient can die.
What are the three PHASES of anesthesia? ✔Correct Answer-• Induction - This phase begins with
the administration of anesthesia and lasts until the surgical incision is made.
• Maintenance - This phase begins with the surgical incision and lasts until near completion of the
procedure (Stage 3).
,• Emergence - This phase starts as the patient begins to awaken and ends upon exiting the operating
room
IV regional anesthesia (Beir Block) is most often used for: ✔Correct Answer-Upper extremity nerve
blockade
A common side effect to monitor after spinal anesthesia is: ✔Correct Answer-hypotension due to
vasodilation
What is the most consistent physiological indication of Malignant Hyperthermia? ✔Correct
Answer-Increased end tidal CO2
What drug is given for Malignant Hyperthermia? ✔Correct Answer-Dantrolene
*Also, stop triggering agents, give 100% oxygen, cool pt
During Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC), the Pt is monitored for what 3 risks? ✔Correct Answer-•
Extravasation of intravenous medication
• A reduction of arterial oxygen saturation
• Breathing difficulty
During a peripheral nerve block, why must there be continuous nerve stimulation in the area to be
anesthetized? ✔Correct Answer-To ensure proper needle placement
Special considerations for Pt undergoing endoscopic or minimally invasive surgery include: (4
answers) ✔Correct Answer--Previous incisions (may alter the trocar insertion technique)
-History of DVT
-Consent to include possibility of open procedure
-Voiding prior to surgery (empty bladder helps to avoid puncture during trocar placement)
Fluid management in Minimally Invasive Surgery involves risk of: (2 answers) ✔Correct Answer--
Hypothermia
-Fluid overload
*Hyponatremia could accompany hypervolemia
How can we reduce risk of systemic hemodynamic changes while maintaining intra-abdominal
pressure during laparoscopic surgery? ✔Correct Answer-Keep pressure under 12 mm/hg in adult
Pt
What is the single most important factor in minimizing micro organism transfer? ✔Correct Answer-
Hand Hygiene!
How long should hands be washed for? ✔Correct Answer-15 seconds
*Hand washing for 15 seconds has been shown to reduce soil, spores, and microorganism counts on
the hands.
Standard Precautions ✔Correct Answer-Precautions used for care of all patients regardless of their
diagnosis or presumed infectious status.
, List endogenous sources of pathogens that may cause surgical site infections (3 answers) ✔Correct
Answer--Personnel
-OR environment
-Tool/Instruments/supplies brought to sterile field
*Exogenous would be aerobes (live in air)
When should OR be "Damp Dusted"? ✔Correct Answer-Before the first procedure of the day
*All horizontal surfaces should be wiped with a clean, lint-free cloth moistened with hospital
approved disinfectant; Begin with high surfaces and work down
What is the most effective floor cleaning method in the surgical suite? ✔Correct Answer-Wet
Vacuuming
What 3 bacteria must any germicide that is labeled as a hospital disinfectant have potency against?
✔Correct Answer-Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus
Salmonella choleraesuis
True or False
Recommended practice says that after each surgical/ invasive procedure, the floor should be
mopped in a perimeter of 3-4 ft around the OR table ✔Correct Answer-False
*The floors of the operating room should be cleaned and disinfected after each surgical or invasive
procedure if soiled or potentially soiled. This frequently means cleaning a perimeter area around the
OR table and extending as necessary. Move OR bed to check for items or soiled areas under table.
Terminal Cleaning ✔Correct Answer-More thorough cleaning that takes place at the end of the
days schedule
The Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1970 ✔Correct Answer-Mandates employers to provide
programs for the education and training of employees in the recognition, avoidance, and prevention
of unsafe or unhealthful working conditions.
Why are microfiber mops a great option for mopping floors in the OR? (3 answers) ✔Correct
Answer--Withstand up to 300 launderings
-Positively charged particles draw negatively charged particles (i.e. dirt)
-Lighter weight than traditional mops (may reduce injury)
Why should you NOT use vinyl exam gloves in environmental cleaning and disinfection? ✔Correct
Answer-Barrier protection failure rate can be very high
What is the purpose of end of procedure or interim cleaning? ✔Correct Answer-Break the cycle of
contamination from the pt to the environment and from environment to OR personnel and then to
subsequent pts.
What is meant by mechanical hemostasis? ✔Correct Answer-controlling bleeding by occluding
severed vessels until platelet formation occurs
*Mechanical methods include:
& 100% Verified Answers |Actual Complete Exam |
Already Graded A+
First forms of anesthesia: ✔Correct Answer-Nitrous Oxide and ether
Who may provide anesthesia care? (4 answers) ✔Correct Answer-Anesthesiologist, CRNA,
Anesthesiologist assistant, perioperative nurse
Factors to consider when determining what anesthetic to use for a particular patient: (8 answers)
✔Correct Answer--pt/surgeon preference
-Surgical procedure
-Physical Status
-Age
-Postoperative recovery time
-Length of surgery
-Position of pt
-Pt previous experience with anesthesia
General Anesthesia ✔Correct Answer-a reversible state of unconsciousness, consisting of amnesia,
analgesia, and muscle relaxation
Regional Anesthesia ✔Correct Answer-a reversible loss of sensation, which is achieved by injecting
a local anesthetic to block the nerve fibers from transmitting impulses.
Local Anesthesia ✔Correct Answer-functions like regional anesthesia but usually applies to a
smaller area or a single body part such as a finger or a toe.
Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) ✔Correct Answer-consists of intravenous medications and
concurrent local infiltration of tissue at the surgical site
What are the Four STAGES of Anesthesia? ✔Correct Answer-• Stage I: Initial Administration - The
first stage is the actual administering of the anesthetic drugs. There are only a few seconds in
between the initial administering of the drug and unconsciousness.
• Stage II: Excitement - In Stage II the patient is now unconscious. Also known as "excitement", is the
time from loss of consciousness to the loss of eyelid reflex. Involuntary movements may occur at this
time.
• Stage III: Intrasurgery - This is the time of surgical anesthesia. The patient has rapid eye movement
and breathing may be labored until the muscles completely relax. It is time to start the surgery.
• Stage IV: Possibility of respiratory failure - During this last stage of anesthesia, the patient might
need help. If too much anesthesia has been given, this stage is characterized by respiratory failure,
leading to circulatory failure. Without breathing apparatus and heart support, the patient can die.
What are the three PHASES of anesthesia? ✔Correct Answer-• Induction - This phase begins with
the administration of anesthesia and lasts until the surgical incision is made.
• Maintenance - This phase begins with the surgical incision and lasts until near completion of the
procedure (Stage 3).
,• Emergence - This phase starts as the patient begins to awaken and ends upon exiting the operating
room
IV regional anesthesia (Beir Block) is most often used for: ✔Correct Answer-Upper extremity nerve
blockade
A common side effect to monitor after spinal anesthesia is: ✔Correct Answer-hypotension due to
vasodilation
What is the most consistent physiological indication of Malignant Hyperthermia? ✔Correct
Answer-Increased end tidal CO2
What drug is given for Malignant Hyperthermia? ✔Correct Answer-Dantrolene
*Also, stop triggering agents, give 100% oxygen, cool pt
During Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC), the Pt is monitored for what 3 risks? ✔Correct Answer-•
Extravasation of intravenous medication
• A reduction of arterial oxygen saturation
• Breathing difficulty
During a peripheral nerve block, why must there be continuous nerve stimulation in the area to be
anesthetized? ✔Correct Answer-To ensure proper needle placement
Special considerations for Pt undergoing endoscopic or minimally invasive surgery include: (4
answers) ✔Correct Answer--Previous incisions (may alter the trocar insertion technique)
-History of DVT
-Consent to include possibility of open procedure
-Voiding prior to surgery (empty bladder helps to avoid puncture during trocar placement)
Fluid management in Minimally Invasive Surgery involves risk of: (2 answers) ✔Correct Answer--
Hypothermia
-Fluid overload
*Hyponatremia could accompany hypervolemia
How can we reduce risk of systemic hemodynamic changes while maintaining intra-abdominal
pressure during laparoscopic surgery? ✔Correct Answer-Keep pressure under 12 mm/hg in adult
Pt
What is the single most important factor in minimizing micro organism transfer? ✔Correct Answer-
Hand Hygiene!
How long should hands be washed for? ✔Correct Answer-15 seconds
*Hand washing for 15 seconds has been shown to reduce soil, spores, and microorganism counts on
the hands.
Standard Precautions ✔Correct Answer-Precautions used for care of all patients regardless of their
diagnosis or presumed infectious status.
, List endogenous sources of pathogens that may cause surgical site infections (3 answers) ✔Correct
Answer--Personnel
-OR environment
-Tool/Instruments/supplies brought to sterile field
*Exogenous would be aerobes (live in air)
When should OR be "Damp Dusted"? ✔Correct Answer-Before the first procedure of the day
*All horizontal surfaces should be wiped with a clean, lint-free cloth moistened with hospital
approved disinfectant; Begin with high surfaces and work down
What is the most effective floor cleaning method in the surgical suite? ✔Correct Answer-Wet
Vacuuming
What 3 bacteria must any germicide that is labeled as a hospital disinfectant have potency against?
✔Correct Answer-Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus
Salmonella choleraesuis
True or False
Recommended practice says that after each surgical/ invasive procedure, the floor should be
mopped in a perimeter of 3-4 ft around the OR table ✔Correct Answer-False
*The floors of the operating room should be cleaned and disinfected after each surgical or invasive
procedure if soiled or potentially soiled. This frequently means cleaning a perimeter area around the
OR table and extending as necessary. Move OR bed to check for items or soiled areas under table.
Terminal Cleaning ✔Correct Answer-More thorough cleaning that takes place at the end of the
days schedule
The Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1970 ✔Correct Answer-Mandates employers to provide
programs for the education and training of employees in the recognition, avoidance, and prevention
of unsafe or unhealthful working conditions.
Why are microfiber mops a great option for mopping floors in the OR? (3 answers) ✔Correct
Answer--Withstand up to 300 launderings
-Positively charged particles draw negatively charged particles (i.e. dirt)
-Lighter weight than traditional mops (may reduce injury)
Why should you NOT use vinyl exam gloves in environmental cleaning and disinfection? ✔Correct
Answer-Barrier protection failure rate can be very high
What is the purpose of end of procedure or interim cleaning? ✔Correct Answer-Break the cycle of
contamination from the pt to the environment and from environment to OR personnel and then to
subsequent pts.
What is meant by mechanical hemostasis? ✔Correct Answer-controlling bleeding by occluding
severed vessels until platelet formation occurs
*Mechanical methods include:
