MICROBIOLOGY A SYSTEMS APPROACH TEST
BANK 7TH EDITION 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS COMPLETE EXAM STUDY GUIDE
◉ general Cellular Organization of Prokaryotic Cell- External.
Answer: Appendages-
flagella-motiliy
pili-hollow appendage transfers DNA to other cells
fimbriae-hairlike bristles adhesion
Glyccalyx- protective, adhesive,receptor functions (slime layer)
◉ general Cellular Organization of Prokaryotic Cell- Cell Envelope.
Answer: 1) Outer Membrane-lipopolyssachide
2) Cell Wall-structural support
3) Cell Membrane-flow of nutrients
◉ 2 main components of cell envelope in most bacteria. Answer: cell
membrane, cell wall
to maintain integrity of the cell
◉ general Cellular Organization of Prokaryotic Cell- internal.
Answer: Cytoplasm-water solution
,Ribosomes-sites of protein synthesis
Inclusions-stores nutrients
Nucleoid/chromosome-condensed DNA
Actin cytoskeleton-shape of cell
Endospore-dormant body survival in adverse conditions
◉ bacterial diseases. Answer: these include "strep" throat, lyme
disease, and ear infections
◉ prokaryotes. Answer: the very first cells to appear on earth, sulfur
compounds in geothermal ocean vents
◉ fimbriae. Answer: fine, hairlike bristles extending from the cell
surface that help in adhesion to other cells and surfaces
◉ cell wall. Answer: a semirigid casing that provides structural
support and shape for the cell-made of peptidoglycan
◉ inclusion/granule. Answer: stored nutrients such as fat,
phosphate, or glycogen deposited in dense crystals or particles that
can be tapped into when needed
, ◉ cell membrane. Answer: (cytoplasm) a thin sheet of lipid and
protein that surrounds the cytoplasm and selectively controls the
flow of materials into and out of the cell pool
◉ outer membrane. Answer: extra membrane similar to cell
membrane but also containing lipopolysaccharide. controls flow of
materials, and portions of it are toxic to mammals when released,
causes fever and shock in host
◉ endospore. Answer: dormant body formed within some bacteria
that allows for their survival in adverse conditions
◉ cytoplasm. Answer: water-based solution filling the entire cell
◉ flagellum. Answer: specialized appendage attached to the cell by a
basal body that holds a long, rotating filament. the movement
pushes the cell forward and provides motility
◉ actin cytoskeleton. Answer: long fibers of proteins that encircle
the cell just inside the cell membrane and contribute to the shape of
the cell
◉ ribosomes. Answer: tiny particles composed of protein and RNA
that are the sites of protein synthesis
BANK 7TH EDITION 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS COMPLETE EXAM STUDY GUIDE
◉ general Cellular Organization of Prokaryotic Cell- External.
Answer: Appendages-
flagella-motiliy
pili-hollow appendage transfers DNA to other cells
fimbriae-hairlike bristles adhesion
Glyccalyx- protective, adhesive,receptor functions (slime layer)
◉ general Cellular Organization of Prokaryotic Cell- Cell Envelope.
Answer: 1) Outer Membrane-lipopolyssachide
2) Cell Wall-structural support
3) Cell Membrane-flow of nutrients
◉ 2 main components of cell envelope in most bacteria. Answer: cell
membrane, cell wall
to maintain integrity of the cell
◉ general Cellular Organization of Prokaryotic Cell- internal.
Answer: Cytoplasm-water solution
,Ribosomes-sites of protein synthesis
Inclusions-stores nutrients
Nucleoid/chromosome-condensed DNA
Actin cytoskeleton-shape of cell
Endospore-dormant body survival in adverse conditions
◉ bacterial diseases. Answer: these include "strep" throat, lyme
disease, and ear infections
◉ prokaryotes. Answer: the very first cells to appear on earth, sulfur
compounds in geothermal ocean vents
◉ fimbriae. Answer: fine, hairlike bristles extending from the cell
surface that help in adhesion to other cells and surfaces
◉ cell wall. Answer: a semirigid casing that provides structural
support and shape for the cell-made of peptidoglycan
◉ inclusion/granule. Answer: stored nutrients such as fat,
phosphate, or glycogen deposited in dense crystals or particles that
can be tapped into when needed
, ◉ cell membrane. Answer: (cytoplasm) a thin sheet of lipid and
protein that surrounds the cytoplasm and selectively controls the
flow of materials into and out of the cell pool
◉ outer membrane. Answer: extra membrane similar to cell
membrane but also containing lipopolysaccharide. controls flow of
materials, and portions of it are toxic to mammals when released,
causes fever and shock in host
◉ endospore. Answer: dormant body formed within some bacteria
that allows for their survival in adverse conditions
◉ cytoplasm. Answer: water-based solution filling the entire cell
◉ flagellum. Answer: specialized appendage attached to the cell by a
basal body that holds a long, rotating filament. the movement
pushes the cell forward and provides motility
◉ actin cytoskeleton. Answer: long fibers of proteins that encircle
the cell just inside the cell membrane and contribute to the shape of
the cell
◉ ribosomes. Answer: tiny particles composed of protein and RNA
that are the sites of protein synthesis
