AAPD GUIDELINES EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
ECC factors - Correct Answers -factors include susceptible teeth due to enamel
hypoplasia, oral colonization with elevated levels of cariogenic bacteria (especially
Mutans streptococci [MS]), and the metabolism of sugars by tooth-adherent bacteria to
produce acid which, over time, demineralizes tooth structure.
Microbial risk markers for ECC include... - Correct Answers -MS and Lactobacillus
species
*New polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques are revealing the complexity of the
oral microbiome and other bacterial species may be associated. · ., Scardovia wiggsiae,
Veillonella ssp.) and fungi (e.g., Candida albicans)
MS transmission - Correct Answers -vertical transmission, horizontal transmission
ECC is defined as - Correct Answers -"Presence of one or more (cavitated or non-
cavitated), missing due to caries, or filled tooth surface in a child under the age of 6"
S-ECC is defined as - Correct Answers -any sign of smooth surface caries in a child
younger than three years of age. From ages 3-5, one or more cavitated, missing due to
caries or filled smooth surfaces in maxillary anterior teeth, or decayed, missing filled
score of greater than or equal to four (age 3), greater than or equal to five (Age 4) or
greater than or equal to six (age 5)
Consequences of ECC - Correct Answers -higher risk of new caries lesions,
hospitalizations, high treatment costs, loss of school days, diminished ability to learn,
diminished oral health related quality of life
breastfeeding and baby bottle use beyond ____ especially if ___ and ____ are
associated with ECC - Correct Answers -12 mos, frequent, nocturnal
AHA recommends that sugar in foods and drink be avoided in children under - Correct
Answers -2 year
,smear of toothpaste has how much fluoride and is used for what age - Correct Answers
-.1 mg fluoride, under age 3
pea sized amount of toothpaste should be used for what age and has how much
fluoride - Correct Answers -.25mg fluoride, age 3-6
less than twice daily toothbrushing during preschool years significant determinants of -
Correct Answers -caries prevalence at age of five years
Recommended professionally applied fluoride treatment for children at risk of ECC who
are younger than 6 years is what fluoride varnish, how much fluoride - Correct Answers
-five percent sodium fluoride varnish, 22,500 parts per million fluoride
what percentage silver diamine fluoride - Correct Answers -38%
which DFS (used to measure prevalence of ECC) component has increased for
preschool children - Correct Answers -filled, more treatment is being provided
which milks are less cariogenic - Correct Answers -cows milk, humans milk less sucrose
than formula
when should fluoridated water be introduced - Correct Answers -six months
low calorie sugars should be avoided until what age - Correct Answers -age 5
AHA recommends that children under ____ should avoid added sugars - Correct
Answers -2 years
introduction of sugar based drinks before age ____ was associated with obesity at age
____ - Correct Answers -age one, age six
juice should not be introduced before age ____ - Correct Answers -age one
intake of juice should be limited to ____ for ages 1-3 - Correct Answers -four ounces a
day
intake of juice should be limited to ___ for ages 4-6 - Correct Answers -4-6 ounces per
day
intake of juice should be limited to ___ for ages 7-18 years - Correct Answers -8 ounces
per day
nearly ___ of 2-5 year olds consume sugar based drinks daily - Correct Answers -half
prevalence of caries in primary, perm teeth among children 2-19 is estimated at -
Correct Answers -45.8 percent
, for children and adolescents aged two through 19, the prevalence of obesity is an
estimated ____, including____ with severe obesity and another ___overweight - Correct
Answers -19.3 percent, 6.1%, 16.1%
"Added sugars—less than ___% per day starting at age ____. Avoid foods and
beverages with added sugars for those younger than age ____ - Correct Answers -Less
than 10 percent of calories per day starting at age two, two
NSAIDs can exacerbate - Correct Answers -liver or kidney impairment, extend bleeding
time
Acetminophen can be associated with - Correct Answers -hepatotoxicitiy
Aspirin is contraindicated in - Correct Answers -Pts under 18 years with chickenpox or
flu-like symptoms
may cause Reye's Syndrome
restriction of ____ and ___ in children - Correct Answers -codeine and tramadol
approx ___% of cavitated caries lesions in primary teeth would be expected to be
arrested ____ years after SDF application with once or twice a year application -
Correct Answers -68%, 2 years after SDF application
SDF had___% higher success rate in caries lesion arrest compared to controls - Correct
Answers -48%
SDF contains approx ___ weight/volume of silver and ___ percent fluoride - Correct
Answers -24-28% silver and 5-6% fluoride weight/volume
application time of ___ drying with air is recommended. application times range from
___ seconds to ___ minutes for SDF - Correct Answers -one minute, 10 seconds to 3
minutes
eating and drinking after SDF - Correct Answers -it's fine
effectiveness of one time SDF app in arresting caries lesion ranges from ___% to ___
% depending on lesion size, location - Correct Answers -47-90%
SDF in the __ teeth arrest at higher rates than ___ teeth - Correct Answers -anterior
teeth compared to posterior teeth
after single application of ___% SDF, ____% of the arrested surfaces at 6 months had
reverted to active lesions at ___ months - Correct Answers -38% SDF, 50% arrested
surfaces, 24 months
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
ECC factors - Correct Answers -factors include susceptible teeth due to enamel
hypoplasia, oral colonization with elevated levels of cariogenic bacteria (especially
Mutans streptococci [MS]), and the metabolism of sugars by tooth-adherent bacteria to
produce acid which, over time, demineralizes tooth structure.
Microbial risk markers for ECC include... - Correct Answers -MS and Lactobacillus
species
*New polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques are revealing the complexity of the
oral microbiome and other bacterial species may be associated. · ., Scardovia wiggsiae,
Veillonella ssp.) and fungi (e.g., Candida albicans)
MS transmission - Correct Answers -vertical transmission, horizontal transmission
ECC is defined as - Correct Answers -"Presence of one or more (cavitated or non-
cavitated), missing due to caries, or filled tooth surface in a child under the age of 6"
S-ECC is defined as - Correct Answers -any sign of smooth surface caries in a child
younger than three years of age. From ages 3-5, one or more cavitated, missing due to
caries or filled smooth surfaces in maxillary anterior teeth, or decayed, missing filled
score of greater than or equal to four (age 3), greater than or equal to five (Age 4) or
greater than or equal to six (age 5)
Consequences of ECC - Correct Answers -higher risk of new caries lesions,
hospitalizations, high treatment costs, loss of school days, diminished ability to learn,
diminished oral health related quality of life
breastfeeding and baby bottle use beyond ____ especially if ___ and ____ are
associated with ECC - Correct Answers -12 mos, frequent, nocturnal
AHA recommends that sugar in foods and drink be avoided in children under - Correct
Answers -2 year
,smear of toothpaste has how much fluoride and is used for what age - Correct Answers
-.1 mg fluoride, under age 3
pea sized amount of toothpaste should be used for what age and has how much
fluoride - Correct Answers -.25mg fluoride, age 3-6
less than twice daily toothbrushing during preschool years significant determinants of -
Correct Answers -caries prevalence at age of five years
Recommended professionally applied fluoride treatment for children at risk of ECC who
are younger than 6 years is what fluoride varnish, how much fluoride - Correct Answers
-five percent sodium fluoride varnish, 22,500 parts per million fluoride
what percentage silver diamine fluoride - Correct Answers -38%
which DFS (used to measure prevalence of ECC) component has increased for
preschool children - Correct Answers -filled, more treatment is being provided
which milks are less cariogenic - Correct Answers -cows milk, humans milk less sucrose
than formula
when should fluoridated water be introduced - Correct Answers -six months
low calorie sugars should be avoided until what age - Correct Answers -age 5
AHA recommends that children under ____ should avoid added sugars - Correct
Answers -2 years
introduction of sugar based drinks before age ____ was associated with obesity at age
____ - Correct Answers -age one, age six
juice should not be introduced before age ____ - Correct Answers -age one
intake of juice should be limited to ____ for ages 1-3 - Correct Answers -four ounces a
day
intake of juice should be limited to ___ for ages 4-6 - Correct Answers -4-6 ounces per
day
intake of juice should be limited to ___ for ages 7-18 years - Correct Answers -8 ounces
per day
nearly ___ of 2-5 year olds consume sugar based drinks daily - Correct Answers -half
prevalence of caries in primary, perm teeth among children 2-19 is estimated at -
Correct Answers -45.8 percent
, for children and adolescents aged two through 19, the prevalence of obesity is an
estimated ____, including____ with severe obesity and another ___overweight - Correct
Answers -19.3 percent, 6.1%, 16.1%
"Added sugars—less than ___% per day starting at age ____. Avoid foods and
beverages with added sugars for those younger than age ____ - Correct Answers -Less
than 10 percent of calories per day starting at age two, two
NSAIDs can exacerbate - Correct Answers -liver or kidney impairment, extend bleeding
time
Acetminophen can be associated with - Correct Answers -hepatotoxicitiy
Aspirin is contraindicated in - Correct Answers -Pts under 18 years with chickenpox or
flu-like symptoms
may cause Reye's Syndrome
restriction of ____ and ___ in children - Correct Answers -codeine and tramadol
approx ___% of cavitated caries lesions in primary teeth would be expected to be
arrested ____ years after SDF application with once or twice a year application -
Correct Answers -68%, 2 years after SDF application
SDF had___% higher success rate in caries lesion arrest compared to controls - Correct
Answers -48%
SDF contains approx ___ weight/volume of silver and ___ percent fluoride - Correct
Answers -24-28% silver and 5-6% fluoride weight/volume
application time of ___ drying with air is recommended. application times range from
___ seconds to ___ minutes for SDF - Correct Answers -one minute, 10 seconds to 3
minutes
eating and drinking after SDF - Correct Answers -it's fine
effectiveness of one time SDF app in arresting caries lesion ranges from ___% to ___
% depending on lesion size, location - Correct Answers -47-90%
SDF in the __ teeth arrest at higher rates than ___ teeth - Correct Answers -anterior
teeth compared to posterior teeth
after single application of ___% SDF, ____% of the arrested surfaces at 6 months had
reverted to active lesions at ___ months - Correct Answers -38% SDF, 50% arrested
surfaces, 24 months
