Burns nursing 4 exam 3 ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
what is a burn - CORRECT ANSWERS injury caused by exposure to heat, certain chemicals,
radiation, electricity
risk factors for burns - CORRECT ANSWERS age, occupation, preexisiting conditions,
alcohol/ drug abuse, disability
residential fires most commonly cause by - CORRECT ANSWERS kitchens, cigarettes,
portable heating equipment
what are four types of burns - CORRECT ANSWERS thermal, chemical, electrical, radiation
what are thermal burns - CORRECT ANSWERS exposure to dry or moist heat
what are chemical burns - CORRECT ANSWERS acid, alkaline agents, organic compounds
what are electrical burns - CORRECT ANSWERS severity depends on types, duration and
voltage
direct current may result in cardiac arrest
what are radiation burns - CORRECT ANSWERS sunburn, radiation treatment for cancer
nuclear power accidents
pathophysiology of burns - CORRECT ANSWERS increase capillary permeability
decrease myocardial contractility
peripheral and splanchnic vasconstriction
increase basal metabolic rate and basal body temperature
decrease humeral and cell mediated immunity- GI bacteria migrate to other organs
GI: paralytic ileus and Curling's ulcer
hypovolemia, decreased cardiac output
fluid leak worse in first 24-36 hours peaking by hour 6-8
, abdominal compartment syndrome from fluid shifting into abdominal cavity
fluid loss also by evaporation
acute renal failure
abnormalities in coagulation, decrease in platelets, prolonged clotting times accompany major burns
burn injury results from heat transfer from one object to another causing tissue destruction
depth of injury depends on temperature and duration of contact
hyperkalemia from massive cell destruction
inhalation injury causes pulmonary alteration
s/s of burns upper airway - CORRECT ANSWERS burns of face or neck, injury occurring in
an enclosed space, hoarseness, high pitched voice change, singed nasal hair, dry cough, stridor, sooty
or bloody sputum, tachypnea, erythema, blistering of oral and pharyngeal mucosa
s/s of burns lower airway - CORRECT ANSWERS ABG's, carboxyhemoglobin levels, direct
observation of airway with fiberoptic bronchoscopy, airway edema, inflammation, necrosis and soot
in airway
upper airway injury results from - CORRECT ANSWERS inhalation of heat greater than 302
F
upper airway injury leads to - CORRECT ANSWERS severe upper airway edema which leads
to obstruction of upper airway, INTUBATE EARLY
inhalation injury below the glottis results from - CORRECT ANSWERS inhaling products of
incomplete combustion or noxious gases affinity of HGB for carbon monoxide is 250 times greater
then that of oxygen leading to tissue hypoxia
inhalation injury below the glottis causes - CORRECT ANSWERS loss of ciliary action,
severe mucosal edema, bronchospasm, atelectasis due to decreased surfactant
above the glottis injury is because of - CORRECT ANSWERS heat
risk factors for burns of children age 4 and younger - CORRECT ANSWERS dont understand
danger, innately curious, lack ability to react appropriately, abuse
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
what is a burn - CORRECT ANSWERS injury caused by exposure to heat, certain chemicals,
radiation, electricity
risk factors for burns - CORRECT ANSWERS age, occupation, preexisiting conditions,
alcohol/ drug abuse, disability
residential fires most commonly cause by - CORRECT ANSWERS kitchens, cigarettes,
portable heating equipment
what are four types of burns - CORRECT ANSWERS thermal, chemical, electrical, radiation
what are thermal burns - CORRECT ANSWERS exposure to dry or moist heat
what are chemical burns - CORRECT ANSWERS acid, alkaline agents, organic compounds
what are electrical burns - CORRECT ANSWERS severity depends on types, duration and
voltage
direct current may result in cardiac arrest
what are radiation burns - CORRECT ANSWERS sunburn, radiation treatment for cancer
nuclear power accidents
pathophysiology of burns - CORRECT ANSWERS increase capillary permeability
decrease myocardial contractility
peripheral and splanchnic vasconstriction
increase basal metabolic rate and basal body temperature
decrease humeral and cell mediated immunity- GI bacteria migrate to other organs
GI: paralytic ileus and Curling's ulcer
hypovolemia, decreased cardiac output
fluid leak worse in first 24-36 hours peaking by hour 6-8
, abdominal compartment syndrome from fluid shifting into abdominal cavity
fluid loss also by evaporation
acute renal failure
abnormalities in coagulation, decrease in platelets, prolonged clotting times accompany major burns
burn injury results from heat transfer from one object to another causing tissue destruction
depth of injury depends on temperature and duration of contact
hyperkalemia from massive cell destruction
inhalation injury causes pulmonary alteration
s/s of burns upper airway - CORRECT ANSWERS burns of face or neck, injury occurring in
an enclosed space, hoarseness, high pitched voice change, singed nasal hair, dry cough, stridor, sooty
or bloody sputum, tachypnea, erythema, blistering of oral and pharyngeal mucosa
s/s of burns lower airway - CORRECT ANSWERS ABG's, carboxyhemoglobin levels, direct
observation of airway with fiberoptic bronchoscopy, airway edema, inflammation, necrosis and soot
in airway
upper airway injury results from - CORRECT ANSWERS inhalation of heat greater than 302
F
upper airway injury leads to - CORRECT ANSWERS severe upper airway edema which leads
to obstruction of upper airway, INTUBATE EARLY
inhalation injury below the glottis results from - CORRECT ANSWERS inhaling products of
incomplete combustion or noxious gases affinity of HGB for carbon monoxide is 250 times greater
then that of oxygen leading to tissue hypoxia
inhalation injury below the glottis causes - CORRECT ANSWERS loss of ciliary action,
severe mucosal edema, bronchospasm, atelectasis due to decreased surfactant
above the glottis injury is because of - CORRECT ANSWERS heat
risk factors for burns of children age 4 and younger - CORRECT ANSWERS dont understand
danger, innately curious, lack ability to react appropriately, abuse
