MCHES Exam with all Correct & 100% Verified Answers
|Actual Complete Exam |Already Graded A+
Research ✔Correct Answer-can be conducted with the intent to generalize findings from a sample
to a larger population. It does not always aim for, or achieve, evaluative conclusions, and it is
restricted to empirical (rather than evaluative) data.
Statement of Purpose ✔Correct Answer-Clearly and succinctly defines the goal of the project.
Elements include research design (quantitative study) or method of inquiry (qualitative study);
variables (quantitative) or phenomena under investigation (qualitative study); priority population;
and research setting (worksite, university, etc)
Systematic Reviews ✔Correct Answer-a published qualitative review of a comprehensive synthesis
of publications on particular topics. Can be helpful in identifying current gaps in a stream of literature
that can be filled in with new, data-based health education/promotion research.
Meta-analyses ✔Correct Answer-A systematic statistical method of evaluating data based on
numerical results of several independent studies of the same problem. Combining data from multiple
sources.
Pooled analysis ✔Correct Answer-A method for collecting all the individual data from a group of
studies, combining them into one large set of data, and then analyzing the data as if it came from
one big study.
Capacity Assessment ✔Correct Answer-Measure of actual and potential individual, group, and
community resources that can be inherent to and/or brought to bear for health maintenance and
enhancement. Mapping community assets also included in this assessment.
Needs Assessment ✔Correct Answer-Systematic identification of needs within a population and
the determination of the degree to which those needs are being met.
Qualitative Data ✔Correct Answer-Information that is difficult to measure, count, or express in
numerical terms.
Must be careful not to introduce bias
May use interviews, observational research, case studies, content analysis, etc.
Quantitative Data ✔Correct Answer-Information that can be expressed in numerical terms,
counted, or compared on a scale.
Must construct questionnaire items in such a way that the responses produce data that are reliable
and valid.
Primary Data ✔Correct Answer-Data gathered by health education specialists directly from or
about the individual or population of interest. These data answer questions related to the specific
needs assessment. Collected by surveys, interviews, focus groups, and direct observation. Allows
specialist to obtain accurate data about problems, influences, and potential solutions to health issues
specific to the community.
20% attrition rate to account for no responses
By convention, a significance value of 0.05 is used in health education/promotion research
,Secondary Data ✔Correct Answer-Data that have already been collected by others that may or may
not be directly gathered from the individual or population being assessed. Examples: existing
research published in peer-reviewed journals
Sources include: CDC, MMWR, Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System, YRBSS, vital records, US
Census Bureau, health care system, state & local agencies, literature, etc.
Stakeholders ✔Correct Answer-Individuals or agencies that have a vested interest in the health
education program
Social Determinants of Health ✔Correct Answer-Conditions in which people are born, live, work,
play, and age that affect their health risks, health, daily functioning, and quality of life.
Health disparities- differences in access to or availability of facilities and services
Health inequities- are avoidable inequalities in health between groups of people within countries
and between countries
Epidemiological Method (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-focuses on epidemiological
data (death rates, prevalence rates, birth rates, etc.)
Public Health Model (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-Attempts to quantify health
problems and often uses epidemiological data. This model can be more focused on a specific
population and can be mindful of limitations of resources.
Social Model (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-Investigates social or political issues that
influence health.
Asset Model (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-Focuses on the strengths of a
community, organization, or population and looks to find ways to use existing assets to improve
health.
Rapid Model (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-Is used when time and money are
lacking for a needs assessment. Offers basic information, but is often lacking in detail.
Needs Assessment Models ✔Correct Answer-Are not independent - you can use several at once.
PRECEDE-PROCEED ✔Correct Answer-Specific in the order and types of information that should be
collected. https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-contents/overview/other-models-promoting-community-
health-and-development/preceder-proceder/main
Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) ✔Correct Answer-Community
driven strategic planning process for improving community health. Facilitated by public health
leaders, this framework helps communities apply strategic thinking to prioritize public health issues
and identify resources to address them.
Intervention Mapping Approach ✔Correct Answer-Framework for health education intervention
development.
Is composed of 5 steps:
creating a matrix of proximal program objectives; selecting theory-based intervention methods and
practical strategies;
designing and organizing a program;
, specifying adoption and implementation plans; and generating program evaluation plans
PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and
Evaluation) ✔Correct Answer-Phase 1: Social Assessment- define the quality of life of the priority
population; define the ultimate outcome; what outcome does the community find most important?
Phase 2: Epidemiological Assessment - Identify the health problems/issues of the priority population
and determine and prioritize behavioral, lifestyle, and environmental risk factors associated with the
health problem.
Phase 3: Educational and Ecological Assessment - determine predisposing (individual knowledge &
affective traits), enabling (those that make possible a change in behavior, such as skills), and
reinforcing (feedback & encouragement for a changed behavior, perhaps from significant other)
factors. identify the factors that will create the behavior and environmental changes you've decided
on in Phase 2.
PROCEED (Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental
Development) ✔Correct Answer-Phase 4: Administrative & Policy Assessment - determine the
resources available for program
Phase 5: Implementation - select strategies and activities; begin program
Phase 6: Process Evaluation - Document program feasibility; are you actually doing what you
planned?
Phase 7: Impact Evaluation - Assess the immediate effect of an intervention; initial success
Phase 8: Outcome Evaluation- determines whether long-term program goals were met
Ethical Frameworks (applied to planning) ✔Correct Answer-Autonomy - personal right to self-
determination and choice
Criticality - the worst off benefit the most
Egalitarian - all persons of equal value; minimize disparities
Needs-based - equal opportunity to meet own needs, such as healthy life
Resource Sensitive - Resources are scarce
Utilitarian - the greatest good for the greatest number; the end justifies the means
Literature Review ✔Correct Answer-1. Specify study aims. What questions do you want to answer?
2. Set inclusion criteria. What evidence will address the question?
3. Design the recruitment strategy. How will you find the evidence you want?
4. Screen potential partners. What evidence from the search process meets your criteria?
5. Decide on measures and design the data collection protocol. What characteristics will you code?
6. Select an appropriate metric to represent the strength of the findings. How will you represent
findings from individual studies?
7. Collect the data. What are your coding procedures?
8. Analyze and display the data using appropriate methods.
9. Draw conclusions based on data and the limitations
Surveys (individual data collection strategy) ✔Correct Answer-Used to determine knowledge,
attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, skills & health status of priority population.
Interviews (individual data collection strategy) ✔Correct Answer-Similar to surveys - conducted in a
variety of ways. Can be completed by phone, face to face, electronically or in groups. Phone
interviews offer a relatively easy method of collecting data at moderate cost. Web based also popular
and inexpensive, however - access to limited population (only those with internet access), lack of
anonymity, and emails can easily be ignored.
|Actual Complete Exam |Already Graded A+
Research ✔Correct Answer-can be conducted with the intent to generalize findings from a sample
to a larger population. It does not always aim for, or achieve, evaluative conclusions, and it is
restricted to empirical (rather than evaluative) data.
Statement of Purpose ✔Correct Answer-Clearly and succinctly defines the goal of the project.
Elements include research design (quantitative study) or method of inquiry (qualitative study);
variables (quantitative) or phenomena under investigation (qualitative study); priority population;
and research setting (worksite, university, etc)
Systematic Reviews ✔Correct Answer-a published qualitative review of a comprehensive synthesis
of publications on particular topics. Can be helpful in identifying current gaps in a stream of literature
that can be filled in with new, data-based health education/promotion research.
Meta-analyses ✔Correct Answer-A systematic statistical method of evaluating data based on
numerical results of several independent studies of the same problem. Combining data from multiple
sources.
Pooled analysis ✔Correct Answer-A method for collecting all the individual data from a group of
studies, combining them into one large set of data, and then analyzing the data as if it came from
one big study.
Capacity Assessment ✔Correct Answer-Measure of actual and potential individual, group, and
community resources that can be inherent to and/or brought to bear for health maintenance and
enhancement. Mapping community assets also included in this assessment.
Needs Assessment ✔Correct Answer-Systematic identification of needs within a population and
the determination of the degree to which those needs are being met.
Qualitative Data ✔Correct Answer-Information that is difficult to measure, count, or express in
numerical terms.
Must be careful not to introduce bias
May use interviews, observational research, case studies, content analysis, etc.
Quantitative Data ✔Correct Answer-Information that can be expressed in numerical terms,
counted, or compared on a scale.
Must construct questionnaire items in such a way that the responses produce data that are reliable
and valid.
Primary Data ✔Correct Answer-Data gathered by health education specialists directly from or
about the individual or population of interest. These data answer questions related to the specific
needs assessment. Collected by surveys, interviews, focus groups, and direct observation. Allows
specialist to obtain accurate data about problems, influences, and potential solutions to health issues
specific to the community.
20% attrition rate to account for no responses
By convention, a significance value of 0.05 is used in health education/promotion research
,Secondary Data ✔Correct Answer-Data that have already been collected by others that may or may
not be directly gathered from the individual or population being assessed. Examples: existing
research published in peer-reviewed journals
Sources include: CDC, MMWR, Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System, YRBSS, vital records, US
Census Bureau, health care system, state & local agencies, literature, etc.
Stakeholders ✔Correct Answer-Individuals or agencies that have a vested interest in the health
education program
Social Determinants of Health ✔Correct Answer-Conditions in which people are born, live, work,
play, and age that affect their health risks, health, daily functioning, and quality of life.
Health disparities- differences in access to or availability of facilities and services
Health inequities- are avoidable inequalities in health between groups of people within countries
and between countries
Epidemiological Method (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-focuses on epidemiological
data (death rates, prevalence rates, birth rates, etc.)
Public Health Model (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-Attempts to quantify health
problems and often uses epidemiological data. This model can be more focused on a specific
population and can be mindful of limitations of resources.
Social Model (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-Investigates social or political issues that
influence health.
Asset Model (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-Focuses on the strengths of a
community, organization, or population and looks to find ways to use existing assets to improve
health.
Rapid Model (needs assessment model) ✔Correct Answer-Is used when time and money are
lacking for a needs assessment. Offers basic information, but is often lacking in detail.
Needs Assessment Models ✔Correct Answer-Are not independent - you can use several at once.
PRECEDE-PROCEED ✔Correct Answer-Specific in the order and types of information that should be
collected. https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-contents/overview/other-models-promoting-community-
health-and-development/preceder-proceder/main
Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) ✔Correct Answer-Community
driven strategic planning process for improving community health. Facilitated by public health
leaders, this framework helps communities apply strategic thinking to prioritize public health issues
and identify resources to address them.
Intervention Mapping Approach ✔Correct Answer-Framework for health education intervention
development.
Is composed of 5 steps:
creating a matrix of proximal program objectives; selecting theory-based intervention methods and
practical strategies;
designing and organizing a program;
, specifying adoption and implementation plans; and generating program evaluation plans
PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and
Evaluation) ✔Correct Answer-Phase 1: Social Assessment- define the quality of life of the priority
population; define the ultimate outcome; what outcome does the community find most important?
Phase 2: Epidemiological Assessment - Identify the health problems/issues of the priority population
and determine and prioritize behavioral, lifestyle, and environmental risk factors associated with the
health problem.
Phase 3: Educational and Ecological Assessment - determine predisposing (individual knowledge &
affective traits), enabling (those that make possible a change in behavior, such as skills), and
reinforcing (feedback & encouragement for a changed behavior, perhaps from significant other)
factors. identify the factors that will create the behavior and environmental changes you've decided
on in Phase 2.
PROCEED (Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental
Development) ✔Correct Answer-Phase 4: Administrative & Policy Assessment - determine the
resources available for program
Phase 5: Implementation - select strategies and activities; begin program
Phase 6: Process Evaluation - Document program feasibility; are you actually doing what you
planned?
Phase 7: Impact Evaluation - Assess the immediate effect of an intervention; initial success
Phase 8: Outcome Evaluation- determines whether long-term program goals were met
Ethical Frameworks (applied to planning) ✔Correct Answer-Autonomy - personal right to self-
determination and choice
Criticality - the worst off benefit the most
Egalitarian - all persons of equal value; minimize disparities
Needs-based - equal opportunity to meet own needs, such as healthy life
Resource Sensitive - Resources are scarce
Utilitarian - the greatest good for the greatest number; the end justifies the means
Literature Review ✔Correct Answer-1. Specify study aims. What questions do you want to answer?
2. Set inclusion criteria. What evidence will address the question?
3. Design the recruitment strategy. How will you find the evidence you want?
4. Screen potential partners. What evidence from the search process meets your criteria?
5. Decide on measures and design the data collection protocol. What characteristics will you code?
6. Select an appropriate metric to represent the strength of the findings. How will you represent
findings from individual studies?
7. Collect the data. What are your coding procedures?
8. Analyze and display the data using appropriate methods.
9. Draw conclusions based on data and the limitations
Surveys (individual data collection strategy) ✔Correct Answer-Used to determine knowledge,
attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, skills & health status of priority population.
Interviews (individual data collection strategy) ✔Correct Answer-Similar to surveys - conducted in a
variety of ways. Can be completed by phone, face to face, electronically or in groups. Phone
interviews offer a relatively easy method of collecting data at moderate cost. Web based also popular
and inexpensive, however - access to limited population (only those with internet access), lack of
anonymity, and emails can easily be ignored.
