PNP301 TEST 1 (WEEKS 1-3) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the maintenance of a relatively stable internal
environment regardless of external changes
What is health defined as? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Physical, mental and social well-being
What is a disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Deviation from the normal state of homeostasis
What is pathophysiology? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅how physiological processes are altered in disease or
injury
cause and effect
What information needs to be included in someone's medical hisotry? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Current
and prior illnesses
- Allergies
- Hospitalizations
- Treatment
- Specific difficulties
- Any type of therapy or drugs
What is "gross level" ? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅organ or system level
What is the microscopic level? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cellular level
,What is a biopsy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Excision of small amounts of living tissue
What is an autopsy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Examination of the body and organs after death
What is a diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅identification of disease/illness/injury from evlaution of
signs and symptoms and lab tests
What is etiology? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cause of disease
What is an idiopathic cause of disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cause of disease is unknown
What is an iatrogenic cause of disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Error in treatment/procedure that may
cause disease
What are predisposing factors? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- age
- gender
- inherited factors
- environment
What is prophylaxis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A prophylactic is a medication or a treatment designed
and used to prevent a disease from occurring.
Examples of health prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Vaccinations
dietary/lifestyle modifications
prevention of potentially harmful activities etc
,What is pathogenesis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅development of disease
Types of Onset of Disease (2) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- sudden (acute)
- gradual (insidious), vague or mild sings
Define acute disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Short-term, develops quickly
ex. High fever, severe pain etc.
Define chronic disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Develops gradually
- Milder symptoms, often intermittent with acute episodes
What is a subclinical state? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅An illness that stays "below the surface" of clinical
detection.
A subclinical disease has no or minimally recognizable clinical findings.
What is a latent state? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅no symptoms or clinical signs evident
in infectious disease, incubation period
What is the prodromal period? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Early development of the disease
Signs are nonspecific or absent
What are the clinical manifestations? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅signs and symptoms of disease
local = at site or problem
, systemic = general indicators of disease (fever)
What is a sign? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Objective indicators of disease
What is a symptom? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A change in body function that is felt by a patient as a
result of disease
ubjective feelings
What are diagnostic tests? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅any type of medical test carried out to diagnose a
condition, disease, or illness in people who are displaying specific signs of possible illness.
What marks the course or progress of a disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅remission and exacerbation
What is remission? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the period of time when a disease's symptoms are not
present
What is exacerbation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅worsening in the severity of the disease or in its
signs/symptoms
What are precipitating facotors? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅condition that triggers an acute episode
What is a complication? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅an unexpected event in the diseases course that often
delays the patients recovery
additional problems to primary problem
How is therapy defined? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Measures to promote recovery/slow progress
What is homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the maintenance of a relatively stable internal
environment regardless of external changes
What is health defined as? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Physical, mental and social well-being
What is a disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Deviation from the normal state of homeostasis
What is pathophysiology? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅how physiological processes are altered in disease or
injury
cause and effect
What information needs to be included in someone's medical hisotry? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Current
and prior illnesses
- Allergies
- Hospitalizations
- Treatment
- Specific difficulties
- Any type of therapy or drugs
What is "gross level" ? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅organ or system level
What is the microscopic level? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cellular level
,What is a biopsy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Excision of small amounts of living tissue
What is an autopsy? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Examination of the body and organs after death
What is a diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅identification of disease/illness/injury from evlaution of
signs and symptoms and lab tests
What is etiology? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cause of disease
What is an idiopathic cause of disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cause of disease is unknown
What is an iatrogenic cause of disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Error in treatment/procedure that may
cause disease
What are predisposing factors? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- age
- gender
- inherited factors
- environment
What is prophylaxis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A prophylactic is a medication or a treatment designed
and used to prevent a disease from occurring.
Examples of health prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Vaccinations
dietary/lifestyle modifications
prevention of potentially harmful activities etc
,What is pathogenesis? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅development of disease
Types of Onset of Disease (2) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- sudden (acute)
- gradual (insidious), vague or mild sings
Define acute disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Short-term, develops quickly
ex. High fever, severe pain etc.
Define chronic disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Develops gradually
- Milder symptoms, often intermittent with acute episodes
What is a subclinical state? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅An illness that stays "below the surface" of clinical
detection.
A subclinical disease has no or minimally recognizable clinical findings.
What is a latent state? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅no symptoms or clinical signs evident
in infectious disease, incubation period
What is the prodromal period? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Early development of the disease
Signs are nonspecific or absent
What are the clinical manifestations? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅signs and symptoms of disease
local = at site or problem
, systemic = general indicators of disease (fever)
What is a sign? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Objective indicators of disease
What is a symptom? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A change in body function that is felt by a patient as a
result of disease
ubjective feelings
What are diagnostic tests? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅any type of medical test carried out to diagnose a
condition, disease, or illness in people who are displaying specific signs of possible illness.
What marks the course or progress of a disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅remission and exacerbation
What is remission? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the period of time when a disease's symptoms are not
present
What is exacerbation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅worsening in the severity of the disease or in its
signs/symptoms
What are precipitating facotors? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅condition that triggers an acute episode
What is a complication? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅an unexpected event in the diseases course that often
delays the patients recovery
additional problems to primary problem
How is therapy defined? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Measures to promote recovery/slow progress
