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BIOL111 - Ecology Questions and Answers
(100% Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
Ecology is the study of all processes influencing: Ans: The distribution and
abundance of organisms. Interactions between living thing and the
environment.
Biosphere Ans: All space occupied by living things on the earth
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Biome Ans: A large, naturally occurring community of living things
occupying a major habitat (e.g. tropical rain forest, tundra)
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Ecosystem Ans: A region containing interacting abiotic and biotic
factors
Community Ans: Population of species that occur together in the same
space and time
Population Ans: Individuals of the same species that co-occur in space
and time
Individual Ans: Living entities that are genetically and physically discrete
Optimum range Ans: The range in which species grow and survive best
(one for every factor)
Range of tolerance Ans: the entire range of environmental conditions
that are tolerable for survival
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Limits of tolerance Ans: The high and low ends of the range of tolerance
Zones of stress Ans: Between the optimal range and high or low limit of
tolerance
What are 5 key abiotic factors for terrestrial life? Ans: 1. Temperature
2. Light
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3. Water availability
4. Elevation
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5. Soil types
What are 6 key abiotic factors for aquatic life? Ans: 1. Temperature
2. Light
3. Salinity
4. Oxygen
5. Soil types
6. pH
Where is species richness greatest on earth? Ans: Near the equator
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Allopatric processes: Dispersal Ans: When a few members of a species
move to a new geographical area
Allopatric processes: Vicariance Ans: When a natural situation forms a
geographic barrier to physically divide organisms
What animals did the first Polynesian settlers bring to NZ Ans: Kiore (rat)
and kuri (dog)
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How many native vascular plant species were native to NZ Ans: 2200
What three NZ trees (native and endemic) are thought to be Gondwana
survivors? Ans: Kauri, beech and abrotanella
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What are 4 features of NZ plants? Ans: 1. large proportion of tree species
2. Few deciduous species
3. Common plant/bird mutualism
4. Simple, white flowers are common
Why are most NZ native trees evergreen? Ans: Not very harsh winters.
Low soil fertility so replacing leaves is hard.
Why are Karearea (NZ falcon), a top predator, nationally threatened? (3
reasons) Ans: 1. Ground nesting due to having other avian predators in
the past.
1
BIOL111 - Ecology Questions and Answers
(100% Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
Ecology is the study of all processes influencing: Ans: The distribution and
abundance of organisms. Interactions between living thing and the
environment.
Biosphere Ans: All space occupied by living things on the earth
© 2026 Assignment Expert
Biome Ans: A large, naturally occurring community of living things
occupying a major habitat (e.g. tropical rain forest, tundra)
Guru01 - Stuvia
Ecosystem Ans: A region containing interacting abiotic and biotic
factors
Community Ans: Population of species that occur together in the same
space and time
Population Ans: Individuals of the same species that co-occur in space
and time
Individual Ans: Living entities that are genetically and physically discrete
Optimum range Ans: The range in which species grow and survive best
(one for every factor)
Range of tolerance Ans: the entire range of environmental conditions
that are tolerable for survival
,For Expert help and assignment handling,
2
Limits of tolerance Ans: The high and low ends of the range of tolerance
Zones of stress Ans: Between the optimal range and high or low limit of
tolerance
What are 5 key abiotic factors for terrestrial life? Ans: 1. Temperature
2. Light
© 2026 Assignment Expert
3. Water availability
4. Elevation
Guru01 - Stuvia
5. Soil types
What are 6 key abiotic factors for aquatic life? Ans: 1. Temperature
2. Light
3. Salinity
4. Oxygen
5. Soil types
6. pH
Where is species richness greatest on earth? Ans: Near the equator
, For Expert help and assignment handling,
3
Allopatric processes: Dispersal Ans: When a few members of a species
move to a new geographical area
Allopatric processes: Vicariance Ans: When a natural situation forms a
geographic barrier to physically divide organisms
What animals did the first Polynesian settlers bring to NZ Ans: Kiore (rat)
and kuri (dog)
© 2026 Assignment Expert
How many native vascular plant species were native to NZ Ans: 2200
What three NZ trees (native and endemic) are thought to be Gondwana
survivors? Ans: Kauri, beech and abrotanella
Guru01 - Stuvia
What are 4 features of NZ plants? Ans: 1. large proportion of tree species
2. Few deciduous species
3. Common plant/bird mutualism
4. Simple, white flowers are common
Why are most NZ native trees evergreen? Ans: Not very harsh winters.
Low soil fertility so replacing leaves is hard.
Why are Karearea (NZ falcon), a top predator, nationally threatened? (3
reasons) Ans: 1. Ground nesting due to having other avian predators in
the past.
