ESSENTIALS OF NURSING RESEARCH
APPRAISING EVIDENCE FOR NURSING
PRACTICE 8TH EDITION POLIT BECK
CHAPTER 2 ACTUAL TEST BANK 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Respect for human dignity. Answer: involves participants right to self
determination(participate in study voluntarily)
⩥ Full disclosure. Answer: researchers have fully disclosed participants
rights, costs & benefits of the study
⩥ concealment. Answer: collection of information without participants
knowledge or consent
⩥ deception. Answer: withholding information from participants or
providing false information
⩥ Justice principle from Belmont Report. Answer: -right to fair
treatment
-right to privacy
,⩥ Procedures developed to safeguard study participants'rights. Answer: -
performance of risk/benefit assessment
-implementation of informed consent procedures
-safeguard participants confidentiality
⩥ risk/benefit assessment. Answer: potential benefits of the study to
individuals and to society are weighed against the costs to individuals
⩥ process consent procedures. Answer: used in qualitative studies as
consent is continually renegotiated
⩥ anonymity. Answer: not even researchers know participants' identities
⩥ certificate of confidentiality. Answer: protects researchers against
forced disclosure of confidential information through a court order
⩥ debriefing session. Answer: sessions offered after data collection to
provide participants with more information or oppourtunity to air
complaints
⩥ Vulnerable populations. Answer: -children
-mentally ill
-Severely/terminally ill
-institutionalized
,-pregnant women
⩥ IRB(institutional review board). Answer: highly desired external
review of the ethical aspects of a study, usually required by universities,
organizations
⩥ types of research misconduct. Answer: -plagiarism
-fabrication of results
-falsification of data
⩥ abstract. Answer: synopsis of the study
⩥ IMRAD format. Answer: Introduction, Methods, Research, Analysis,
Discussion
⩥ Statistically significant findings... Answer: have a high probability of
being " real",replicable with a new sample
⩥ level of significance. Answer: index of how probable it is that the
findings are reliable, p<0.05
⩥ Four factors that contribute to making research article difficult to read.
Answer: -compactness
-jargon
, -objectivity
-statistical information
⩥ interference. Answer: conclusion drawn from the study evidence using
logical reasoning and taking into account the methods used to generate
that evidence
⩥ reliability. Answer: refers to the accuracy, and consistency on
information obtained in a study.
⩥ statistical reliability. Answer: refers to the probability that the same
results will be obtained with a new sample
⩥ validity. Answer: Accurate. The degree to which a study accurately
reflects or assesses the specific concepts that the researcher is attempting
to measure. Does it measure what its suppose to
⩥ credibility. Answer: (n) believability, trustworthiness
⩥ Bias. Answer: an influence that results in an error in an inference or
estimate
⩥ blinding. Answer: involves concealing information from participants,
data collectors, care providers, or data analysts to enhance objectivity
APPRAISING EVIDENCE FOR NURSING
PRACTICE 8TH EDITION POLIT BECK
CHAPTER 2 ACTUAL TEST BANK 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Respect for human dignity. Answer: involves participants right to self
determination(participate in study voluntarily)
⩥ Full disclosure. Answer: researchers have fully disclosed participants
rights, costs & benefits of the study
⩥ concealment. Answer: collection of information without participants
knowledge or consent
⩥ deception. Answer: withholding information from participants or
providing false information
⩥ Justice principle from Belmont Report. Answer: -right to fair
treatment
-right to privacy
,⩥ Procedures developed to safeguard study participants'rights. Answer: -
performance of risk/benefit assessment
-implementation of informed consent procedures
-safeguard participants confidentiality
⩥ risk/benefit assessment. Answer: potential benefits of the study to
individuals and to society are weighed against the costs to individuals
⩥ process consent procedures. Answer: used in qualitative studies as
consent is continually renegotiated
⩥ anonymity. Answer: not even researchers know participants' identities
⩥ certificate of confidentiality. Answer: protects researchers against
forced disclosure of confidential information through a court order
⩥ debriefing session. Answer: sessions offered after data collection to
provide participants with more information or oppourtunity to air
complaints
⩥ Vulnerable populations. Answer: -children
-mentally ill
-Severely/terminally ill
-institutionalized
,-pregnant women
⩥ IRB(institutional review board). Answer: highly desired external
review of the ethical aspects of a study, usually required by universities,
organizations
⩥ types of research misconduct. Answer: -plagiarism
-fabrication of results
-falsification of data
⩥ abstract. Answer: synopsis of the study
⩥ IMRAD format. Answer: Introduction, Methods, Research, Analysis,
Discussion
⩥ Statistically significant findings... Answer: have a high probability of
being " real",replicable with a new sample
⩥ level of significance. Answer: index of how probable it is that the
findings are reliable, p<0.05
⩥ Four factors that contribute to making research article difficult to read.
Answer: -compactness
-jargon
, -objectivity
-statistical information
⩥ interference. Answer: conclusion drawn from the study evidence using
logical reasoning and taking into account the methods used to generate
that evidence
⩥ reliability. Answer: refers to the accuracy, and consistency on
information obtained in a study.
⩥ statistical reliability. Answer: refers to the probability that the same
results will be obtained with a new sample
⩥ validity. Answer: Accurate. The degree to which a study accurately
reflects or assesses the specific concepts that the researcher is attempting
to measure. Does it measure what its suppose to
⩥ credibility. Answer: (n) believability, trustworthiness
⩥ Bias. Answer: an influence that results in an error in an inference or
estimate
⩥ blinding. Answer: involves concealing information from participants,
data collectors, care providers, or data analysts to enhance objectivity
