Nuclear Medicine Technology - Review
Questions for Board Examinations-
Graded A
How does 201Tl decay? - ANS-Electron capture with gamma emissions of 0.135 MeV
and 0.167 MeV
What is the role of the standouts ion in the preparation of pharmaceuticals labeled with
99mTc? - ANS-Stannous Chloride is a reducing agent which changes of valence state
of Tc in pertechnetate. It has no effect on either the amount of Al3+ or the radiation
dose.
If an assay of a vial containing 131I shows 50 mCi present on May 2, approximately
what will the assay show on May 18? - ANS-12.5 mCi
If a bone scan has been ordered on a 5-year-old girl, and the physician prescribes 62%
of the adult dose to be
given, how many mCi should be administered? - ANS-12.4 mCi
If the biological half-life of an isotope is 6 h and the physical half-life is 12 h, what is the
effective half-life? - ANS-4 hrs
Which of the following is used to abbreviate physical half life? - ANS-Tp
The physical half life of a radionuclide is the time it takes: - ANS-for the nuclide to decay
to one half of the original activity
If a kit has 310 mCi of activity present at 8:00 a.m., what will the vial assay show in 4 h
and 10 min if the decay factor is 0.618? - ANS-192 mCi
A vial containing 99mTc is assayed at 9 am and contains 255 mCi. To calculate the
remaining activity at 3 pm what decay factor would be used? - ANS-0.5
A vial of technetium eluate contains 50 mCi/ml. If 4 ml is
withdrawn and added to a diphosphonate kit containing
16 ml of solution, what volume would then need to be
withdrawn to prepare a 20 mCi dose at that moment? - ANS-2
If a preparation of 99mTc mertiatide has 60 mCi of activity present at 8:30 am, how
many mCi will be present at 9 am? (Decay constant = 0.944) - ANS-56.6
,Which of the following is boiled during preparation? - ANS-sulfur colloid
The presence of 12 ug Al+3 in 1 ml of 99mTc eluate is - ANS-Chemical impurity; Al 3+
ions from the alumina column of the must be less than 10 ug Al3+/ml of eluate - this limit
is set by US Pharmacopoeia
Which body decides on the acceptable levels of radionuclidic impurity? - ANS-NRC &
USP
Which of the following is an example of radionuclidic impurity:
1) presence of free 99mTc in a preparation of 99mTc sulfur colloid
2) Presence of 99Mo in 99mTc eluate
3) presence of aluminum ions in 99mTc eluate
4) presence of pyrogens in eluate - ANS-2
What is the maximum amount of aluminum ions (AL3+) allowed in one milliliter of
99mTc eluate according to the USP? - ANS-10 μg
What is indicated by the front of an ITLC strip? - ANS-This depends on the solvent and
strip used
If a kit contains 140 mCi of 99mTc in 23 ml, how much volume must be withdrawn to
obtain a dose of 5 mCi? - ANS-0.8 mL - specific concentration is 140 mCi/23 ml or 6.1
mCi/ml
If a kit contains 140 mCi of 99mTc in 23 ml at 9:00 a.m., how much volume must be
withdrawn to obtain a dose of 5 mCi at 3:00 p.m.? - ANS-1.6 ml
An MAA kit contains 40 mCi of 99mTc in 5 ml at 8 am. What would be the best volume
to be withdrawn at 10 am if a perfusion lung scan is planned (decay constant = 0.794) -
ANS-0.63 ml
What is the most likely size of an MAA particle if correctly prepared? - ANS-10-30 µm
99mTc MAA has a biological half life of 2-4 hrs; what will the effective half life be? -
ANS-1.5 - 2.4 hrs
Which radiopharmaceutical is made with 99mTc without a reducing agent? - ANS-sulfur
colloid
Which of the following is an example of radiochemical impurity?
1) presence of free 99mTc in a prep of 99mTc sulfur colloid
2) presence of 99Mo in 99mTc eluate
3) presence of aluminum ions in 99mTc eluate
, 4) presence of pyrogens in eluate - ANS-1) presence of free 99mTc in prep of 99mTc
sulfur colloid
Which of the following can be said regarding effective half-life? 1) It is always longer
than the physical half life 2) It always shorter than both the physical and biological half
life 3) It is always shorter than physical half life but longer than biological half life 4)It is
always longer than the biological but shorter than the physical half life? - ANS-2
The purpose of adding EDTA to sulfur colloid when labeling with 99mTc is - ANS-EDTA
is a chelating agent to prevent aggregation of sulfur colloid and to bind excess Al3+
A diphosphonate kit should generally be used within how many hours after preparation?
- ANS-4
What is the usual particle size of sulfur colloid? - ANS-0.3 - 1.0 um
Which radiopharmaceutical when correctly prepared will have the smallest particle size?
- ANS-99mTc human serum albumin
The advantages of albumin colloid over sulfur colloid include:
(a) Does not require heating
(b) Less expensive
(c) Smaller dose can be administered
(d) All of the above - ANS-Does not require heating
Following injection of 99mTc MAA for perfusion lung scan, activity is seen in th kidneys
and brain. This is indicative of? - ANS-Right to left cardiac shunt
At 7 am a tech prepares a dose of 99mTcMDP for injection at 10 am that day. The
desired dose is 22 mCi and no precal factors are available. The three hour delay factor
for the isotope is 0.707 what activity should be drawn at 7 am? - ANS-31.1 mCi
If the recommended volume for a MAG3 kit ranges from 4-10 ml, and the 99mTc eluate
that will be used contains 820 mCi in 10 ml, and will 41 mCi will be used, what is the
minimum amount of diligent that should be added? - ANS-3.5 ml
On a Monday morning at 6 am, a tech is preparing a 99mTc ECD kit that is to be used
for the SPEC brain scans at 8am, 9 am and 10 am. Each patient should receive 10 mCi.
What is the minimum activity that should be added to the kit during prep? - ANS-42.6
mCi
Which body regulates transportation of radiopharmaceuticals - ANS-DOT
Which body regulates the use of investigational pharmaceuticals? - ANS-FDA
In the even of a spill of 99mTc to clothes, one should immediately:
Questions for Board Examinations-
Graded A
How does 201Tl decay? - ANS-Electron capture with gamma emissions of 0.135 MeV
and 0.167 MeV
What is the role of the standouts ion in the preparation of pharmaceuticals labeled with
99mTc? - ANS-Stannous Chloride is a reducing agent which changes of valence state
of Tc in pertechnetate. It has no effect on either the amount of Al3+ or the radiation
dose.
If an assay of a vial containing 131I shows 50 mCi present on May 2, approximately
what will the assay show on May 18? - ANS-12.5 mCi
If a bone scan has been ordered on a 5-year-old girl, and the physician prescribes 62%
of the adult dose to be
given, how many mCi should be administered? - ANS-12.4 mCi
If the biological half-life of an isotope is 6 h and the physical half-life is 12 h, what is the
effective half-life? - ANS-4 hrs
Which of the following is used to abbreviate physical half life? - ANS-Tp
The physical half life of a radionuclide is the time it takes: - ANS-for the nuclide to decay
to one half of the original activity
If a kit has 310 mCi of activity present at 8:00 a.m., what will the vial assay show in 4 h
and 10 min if the decay factor is 0.618? - ANS-192 mCi
A vial containing 99mTc is assayed at 9 am and contains 255 mCi. To calculate the
remaining activity at 3 pm what decay factor would be used? - ANS-0.5
A vial of technetium eluate contains 50 mCi/ml. If 4 ml is
withdrawn and added to a diphosphonate kit containing
16 ml of solution, what volume would then need to be
withdrawn to prepare a 20 mCi dose at that moment? - ANS-2
If a preparation of 99mTc mertiatide has 60 mCi of activity present at 8:30 am, how
many mCi will be present at 9 am? (Decay constant = 0.944) - ANS-56.6
,Which of the following is boiled during preparation? - ANS-sulfur colloid
The presence of 12 ug Al+3 in 1 ml of 99mTc eluate is - ANS-Chemical impurity; Al 3+
ions from the alumina column of the must be less than 10 ug Al3+/ml of eluate - this limit
is set by US Pharmacopoeia
Which body decides on the acceptable levels of radionuclidic impurity? - ANS-NRC &
USP
Which of the following is an example of radionuclidic impurity:
1) presence of free 99mTc in a preparation of 99mTc sulfur colloid
2) Presence of 99Mo in 99mTc eluate
3) presence of aluminum ions in 99mTc eluate
4) presence of pyrogens in eluate - ANS-2
What is the maximum amount of aluminum ions (AL3+) allowed in one milliliter of
99mTc eluate according to the USP? - ANS-10 μg
What is indicated by the front of an ITLC strip? - ANS-This depends on the solvent and
strip used
If a kit contains 140 mCi of 99mTc in 23 ml, how much volume must be withdrawn to
obtain a dose of 5 mCi? - ANS-0.8 mL - specific concentration is 140 mCi/23 ml or 6.1
mCi/ml
If a kit contains 140 mCi of 99mTc in 23 ml at 9:00 a.m., how much volume must be
withdrawn to obtain a dose of 5 mCi at 3:00 p.m.? - ANS-1.6 ml
An MAA kit contains 40 mCi of 99mTc in 5 ml at 8 am. What would be the best volume
to be withdrawn at 10 am if a perfusion lung scan is planned (decay constant = 0.794) -
ANS-0.63 ml
What is the most likely size of an MAA particle if correctly prepared? - ANS-10-30 µm
99mTc MAA has a biological half life of 2-4 hrs; what will the effective half life be? -
ANS-1.5 - 2.4 hrs
Which radiopharmaceutical is made with 99mTc without a reducing agent? - ANS-sulfur
colloid
Which of the following is an example of radiochemical impurity?
1) presence of free 99mTc in a prep of 99mTc sulfur colloid
2) presence of 99Mo in 99mTc eluate
3) presence of aluminum ions in 99mTc eluate
, 4) presence of pyrogens in eluate - ANS-1) presence of free 99mTc in prep of 99mTc
sulfur colloid
Which of the following can be said regarding effective half-life? 1) It is always longer
than the physical half life 2) It always shorter than both the physical and biological half
life 3) It is always shorter than physical half life but longer than biological half life 4)It is
always longer than the biological but shorter than the physical half life? - ANS-2
The purpose of adding EDTA to sulfur colloid when labeling with 99mTc is - ANS-EDTA
is a chelating agent to prevent aggregation of sulfur colloid and to bind excess Al3+
A diphosphonate kit should generally be used within how many hours after preparation?
- ANS-4
What is the usual particle size of sulfur colloid? - ANS-0.3 - 1.0 um
Which radiopharmaceutical when correctly prepared will have the smallest particle size?
- ANS-99mTc human serum albumin
The advantages of albumin colloid over sulfur colloid include:
(a) Does not require heating
(b) Less expensive
(c) Smaller dose can be administered
(d) All of the above - ANS-Does not require heating
Following injection of 99mTc MAA for perfusion lung scan, activity is seen in th kidneys
and brain. This is indicative of? - ANS-Right to left cardiac shunt
At 7 am a tech prepares a dose of 99mTcMDP for injection at 10 am that day. The
desired dose is 22 mCi and no precal factors are available. The three hour delay factor
for the isotope is 0.707 what activity should be drawn at 7 am? - ANS-31.1 mCi
If the recommended volume for a MAG3 kit ranges from 4-10 ml, and the 99mTc eluate
that will be used contains 820 mCi in 10 ml, and will 41 mCi will be used, what is the
minimum amount of diligent that should be added? - ANS-3.5 ml
On a Monday morning at 6 am, a tech is preparing a 99mTc ECD kit that is to be used
for the SPEC brain scans at 8am, 9 am and 10 am. Each patient should receive 10 mCi.
What is the minimum activity that should be added to the kit during prep? - ANS-42.6
mCi
Which body regulates transportation of radiopharmaceuticals - ANS-DOT
Which body regulates the use of investigational pharmaceuticals? - ANS-FDA
In the even of a spill of 99mTc to clothes, one should immediately:
