INVESTIGATED VTNE
PHARMACOLOGY QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
What toxicity is caused by ingestion of these items? (pennies) - CORRECT ANSWER -Zinc toxicity
Any penny minted after 1982 contains a large amount of zinc, leading to zinc toxicity in animals even
from just a single penny.
Which of the following would you use to induce emesis in cats? - CORRECT ANSWER -Xylazine
The correct answer is xylazine. This is an alpha-2 agonist and produces emesis reliably in the cat.
The medications Mirtazapine and oCyproheptadine ocan oboth obe oused ofor owhich opurpose? o- oCORRECT
oANSWER o-Appetite ostimulation
Mirtazapine oand oCyproheptadine oare oboth ocommonly oused oas oappetite ostimulants oin oveterinary
omedicine.
Dorzolamide oophthalmic odrops omay obe oused oin otreating owhat oeye ocondition? o- oCORRECT oANSWER
o- oGlaucoma
Dorzolamide ois oa ocarbonic oanhydrase oinhibitor othat ois oa ocommon oeye odrop oused oin othe
otreatment oof oglaucoma o(increased oeye opressures). oThis odrug ohelps oto odecrease oaqueous
oproduction oin othe oeye, othus olowering ointraocular opressure.
,Which oof othe ofollowing obest odescribes othe otherapeutic oindex oof oa odrug? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-
The oratio obetween othe oeffective odose oand othe otoxic odose
The otherapeutic oindex ois oa omeasure oof oa odrug's osafety omargin. oIt ois odefined oas othe oratio
obetween othe oeffective odose o(ED50) oand othe olethal odose o(LD50) oto oa opopulation.
Lincosamides o(such oas olincomycin oand oclindamycin) oare ocontraindicated ofor ouse oin owhich
ospecies oof oanimal? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Equine
Lincosamides oare ocontraindicated oin ohorses, oruminants, orodents, oand orabbits. oThese odrugs ocan
ocause osevere ogastrointestinal oeffects oin othese ospecies oand ocan oeven oresult oin odeath.
Which oof othe ofollowing omedications ois ocommonly ofound oover-the-counter o(OTC)? o- oCORRECT
oANSWER o- oDiphenhydramine
The oother oname ofor odiphenhydramine ois oBenadryl oand ocan obe ofound oover-the-counter.
Hydrocodone ois ocommonly oused oas oa ocough osuppressant oin oveterinary omedicine oand ois oa
ocontrolled osubstance orequiring oa oprescription.
Doxycycline o(an oantibiotic) oand oPimobendan o(a oheart omedication) oare oby oprescription oonly.
Which otoxicity ois onot oa ocommon oconcern oin ocattle? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Iron otoxicity
Iron otoxicity ois omost ocommon oin onewborn opigs. oAspergillus otoxicosis ois ocaused oby omoldy ofeed.
oSalt otoxicity ois ocaused oby oconsumption oof oexcessive osalt oand olack oof oadequate oamounts oof
owater. oLead otoxicity ois oassociated owith oseeding oand oharvesting oactivities owhen oused ooil oand
obattery odisposal ofrom omachinery ois ohandled oimproperly.
,Of othe ofollowing, owhich odrug ois oconsidered oan oaminoglycoside? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Gentamicin
Gentamicin ois oan oaminoglycoside oand othese odrugs, owith othe oexception oof oamikacin, ocan obe
oidentified owith othe o-micin oor o-mycin osuffix oin othe ochemical oname. oEnrofloxacin o(Baytril) ois oa
ofluoroquinolone.
Fluoroquinolones ocan obe oidentified oby otheir o-floxacin osuffix oin othe ogeneric oname. oCephalexin
o(Keflex) ois oa ocephalosporin owhich ocan obe oidentified oby othe opre-fix o-ceph oor o-cef oin omost oof othe
odrugs oof othis ogroup.
Itraconazole o(Sporonox) ois oan oantifungal oagent. oAntifungal omedications ohave othe osuffix o-azole.
oDoxycycline o(Vibramycin) ois oin othe otetracycline ofamily oof odrugs orecognized oby othe o-cycline
osuffix.
Patients othat ohave oreceived oprednisone ochronically oneed oto obe otapered ooff oslowly oto oavoid owhich
oof othe ofollowing? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Signs oof ohypoadrenocorticism
Chronic oprednisone oadministration ocan olead oto oatrophy oof othe oadrenal ogland odue oto othe
oabsence oof osignaling oto oproduce ocortisol. oIf oprednisone ois osuddenly ostopped, othe oadrenal ogland
owill onot obe ocapable oof oproducing oenough ocortisol, oand othe oanimal omay oshow osigns oof
ohypoadrenocorticism o(Addison's odisease).
Which odrug ois oknown oas oan oACE-inhibitor? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Enalapril
Ace-inhibitors olike oenalapril oare ovasodilators owhich oblock oangiotensin-converting oenzyme oto
oprevent oangiotensin oII o(a ovacosconstrictor) oand oaldosterone o(causes osodium oretention) ofrom
oforming. oAce- oinhibitors ohelp oto orelax osmooth omuscle oin othe oarterioles oand oveins. oThey oare
omost ocommonly oused oin ocases oof oheart oand okidney odisease.
Note othat oace-inhibitor odrugs ousually oend oin oa o"pril" o(benazapril, ocaptopril, oenalapril, oetc.)
How odo ooral oflea ocontrol oproducts osuch oas oProgram oor oSentinel owork? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-
Stopping oegg ohatching
These oproducts ointerfere owith ochitin osynthesis. oThe oflea's o"egg otooth", owhich ois omade oof
, ochitin, ois ono olonger oable oto ohelp othe oflea ohatch ofrom othe oegg. oAnother opossible ocorrect
ochoice, obut onot oprovided,
PHARMACOLOGY QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
What toxicity is caused by ingestion of these items? (pennies) - CORRECT ANSWER -Zinc toxicity
Any penny minted after 1982 contains a large amount of zinc, leading to zinc toxicity in animals even
from just a single penny.
Which of the following would you use to induce emesis in cats? - CORRECT ANSWER -Xylazine
The correct answer is xylazine. This is an alpha-2 agonist and produces emesis reliably in the cat.
The medications Mirtazapine and oCyproheptadine ocan oboth obe oused ofor owhich opurpose? o- oCORRECT
oANSWER o-Appetite ostimulation
Mirtazapine oand oCyproheptadine oare oboth ocommonly oused oas oappetite ostimulants oin oveterinary
omedicine.
Dorzolamide oophthalmic odrops omay obe oused oin otreating owhat oeye ocondition? o- oCORRECT oANSWER
o- oGlaucoma
Dorzolamide ois oa ocarbonic oanhydrase oinhibitor othat ois oa ocommon oeye odrop oused oin othe
otreatment oof oglaucoma o(increased oeye opressures). oThis odrug ohelps oto odecrease oaqueous
oproduction oin othe oeye, othus olowering ointraocular opressure.
,Which oof othe ofollowing obest odescribes othe otherapeutic oindex oof oa odrug? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-
The oratio obetween othe oeffective odose oand othe otoxic odose
The otherapeutic oindex ois oa omeasure oof oa odrug's osafety omargin. oIt ois odefined oas othe oratio
obetween othe oeffective odose o(ED50) oand othe olethal odose o(LD50) oto oa opopulation.
Lincosamides o(such oas olincomycin oand oclindamycin) oare ocontraindicated ofor ouse oin owhich
ospecies oof oanimal? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Equine
Lincosamides oare ocontraindicated oin ohorses, oruminants, orodents, oand orabbits. oThese odrugs ocan
ocause osevere ogastrointestinal oeffects oin othese ospecies oand ocan oeven oresult oin odeath.
Which oof othe ofollowing omedications ois ocommonly ofound oover-the-counter o(OTC)? o- oCORRECT
oANSWER o- oDiphenhydramine
The oother oname ofor odiphenhydramine ois oBenadryl oand ocan obe ofound oover-the-counter.
Hydrocodone ois ocommonly oused oas oa ocough osuppressant oin oveterinary omedicine oand ois oa
ocontrolled osubstance orequiring oa oprescription.
Doxycycline o(an oantibiotic) oand oPimobendan o(a oheart omedication) oare oby oprescription oonly.
Which otoxicity ois onot oa ocommon oconcern oin ocattle? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Iron otoxicity
Iron otoxicity ois omost ocommon oin onewborn opigs. oAspergillus otoxicosis ois ocaused oby omoldy ofeed.
oSalt otoxicity ois ocaused oby oconsumption oof oexcessive osalt oand olack oof oadequate oamounts oof
owater. oLead otoxicity ois oassociated owith oseeding oand oharvesting oactivities owhen oused ooil oand
obattery odisposal ofrom omachinery ois ohandled oimproperly.
,Of othe ofollowing, owhich odrug ois oconsidered oan oaminoglycoside? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Gentamicin
Gentamicin ois oan oaminoglycoside oand othese odrugs, owith othe oexception oof oamikacin, ocan obe
oidentified owith othe o-micin oor o-mycin osuffix oin othe ochemical oname. oEnrofloxacin o(Baytril) ois oa
ofluoroquinolone.
Fluoroquinolones ocan obe oidentified oby otheir o-floxacin osuffix oin othe ogeneric oname. oCephalexin
o(Keflex) ois oa ocephalosporin owhich ocan obe oidentified oby othe opre-fix o-ceph oor o-cef oin omost oof othe
odrugs oof othis ogroup.
Itraconazole o(Sporonox) ois oan oantifungal oagent. oAntifungal omedications ohave othe osuffix o-azole.
oDoxycycline o(Vibramycin) ois oin othe otetracycline ofamily oof odrugs orecognized oby othe o-cycline
osuffix.
Patients othat ohave oreceived oprednisone ochronically oneed oto obe otapered ooff oslowly oto oavoid owhich
oof othe ofollowing? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Signs oof ohypoadrenocorticism
Chronic oprednisone oadministration ocan olead oto oatrophy oof othe oadrenal ogland odue oto othe
oabsence oof osignaling oto oproduce ocortisol. oIf oprednisone ois osuddenly ostopped, othe oadrenal ogland
owill onot obe ocapable oof oproducing oenough ocortisol, oand othe oanimal omay oshow osigns oof
ohypoadrenocorticism o(Addison's odisease).
Which odrug ois oknown oas oan oACE-inhibitor? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-Enalapril
Ace-inhibitors olike oenalapril oare ovasodilators owhich oblock oangiotensin-converting oenzyme oto
oprevent oangiotensin oII o(a ovacosconstrictor) oand oaldosterone o(causes osodium oretention) ofrom
oforming. oAce- oinhibitors ohelp oto orelax osmooth omuscle oin othe oarterioles oand oveins. oThey oare
omost ocommonly oused oin ocases oof oheart oand okidney odisease.
Note othat oace-inhibitor odrugs ousually oend oin oa o"pril" o(benazapril, ocaptopril, oenalapril, oetc.)
How odo ooral oflea ocontrol oproducts osuch oas oProgram oor oSentinel owork? o- oCORRECT oANSWER o-
Stopping oegg ohatching
These oproducts ointerfere owith ochitin osynthesis. oThe oflea's o"egg otooth", owhich ois omade oof
, ochitin, ois ono olonger oable oto ohelp othe oflea ohatch ofrom othe oegg. oAnother opossible ocorrect
ochoice, obut onot oprovided,
