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BIOL331/ BIOL 331 Module 8 Exam – Pathophysiology
(2026/2027) | Complete Practice Questions & 100% Accurate
Answers | Portage Learning
Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR except:
The RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal limits.
(false b/c the RAA responds when blood pressure drops below normal limits.)
Which of the following statements is false regarding ADH?
Elevated levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine.
(false b/c DECREASED levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine)
Cortical nephrons are characterized by the following except:
they originate deep in the cortex (false b/c they originate superficially in the cortex)
Excess accumulation of fluid within the interstitial compartment is characteristic of
which of the following fluid imbalances?
edema
Reabsorption in the loop of Henle is characterized by the following except:
Na+ and water are reabsorbed in equal proportions
(The loop of Henle reabsorbed more Na+ and Cl- than water)
Which of the following is/are true regarding acid-base disorders? (mark all that apply)
Metabolic disorders are a result of a change in plasma HCO3- levels
Respiratory disorders are a result of a change in plasma CO2 levels
Normal blood pH = 7.35-7.45
Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis is characterized by the following except:
Associated with a poor prognosis as it often leads to CKD
(the prognosis is good when underlying cause is treated)
Which of the following is characteristic of chronic transplant rejection?
it involves humoral immunity
Which of the following is true of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol?
It is the active form of vitamin D, converted in the liver
, A patient is said to be in stage 3a kidney disease. What would you expect their GFR to
be?
70 mL/min/1.73m2
Which of the following is true regarding tubular secretion?
H+ is secreted in the intercalated cells
A decrease in Na+ reabsorption is achieved through the action of which of the following?
diuretics
In the nephron, the mass of capillaries surrounded by an epithelial capsule that opens
into a tubule is collectively referred to as the _______.
renal corpuscle
(glomerulus also accepted as correct)
The formation of erythropoietin is preceded by low levels of _______.
oxygen
The __________ has the largest impact on pH control.
renal control mechanism
A person who has a blood Mg2+ concentration of 1.2 mg/dL. Is considered to have
_______.
hypomagnesemia
_______ failure is caused by conditions that damage the structures within the kidney.
intrarenal
T/F, if False make the statement True
When blood pressure rises, the enzyme renin is released by the juxtaglomerular (JG)
cells of the nephron.
False. When blood pressure drops, the enzyme renin is released by the juxtaglomerular
cells of the nephron.
T/F, if False make the statement True
Hyperkalemia can be caused by movement of K+ from the ECF to the ICF compartment.
False, hyperkalemia can be cause by the movement of K+ from the ICF to the ECF
compartment.
Explain why renal flow is decreased with sympathetic activity.
Sympathetic activity diverts blood to the heart, brain, and skeletal muscles. During these
times the renal autoregulatory system may be superseded by nervous system control. In
this event, a narrowing of the afferent arteriole is caused by sympathetic nerve fibers
followed by a release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla which leads to a
BIOL331/ BIOL 331 Module 8 Exam – Pathophysiology
(2026/2027) | Complete Practice Questions & 100% Accurate
Answers | Portage Learning
Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR except:
The RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal limits.
(false b/c the RAA responds when blood pressure drops below normal limits.)
Which of the following statements is false regarding ADH?
Elevated levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine.
(false b/c DECREASED levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine)
Cortical nephrons are characterized by the following except:
they originate deep in the cortex (false b/c they originate superficially in the cortex)
Excess accumulation of fluid within the interstitial compartment is characteristic of
which of the following fluid imbalances?
edema
Reabsorption in the loop of Henle is characterized by the following except:
Na+ and water are reabsorbed in equal proportions
(The loop of Henle reabsorbed more Na+ and Cl- than water)
Which of the following is/are true regarding acid-base disorders? (mark all that apply)
Metabolic disorders are a result of a change in plasma HCO3- levels
Respiratory disorders are a result of a change in plasma CO2 levels
Normal blood pH = 7.35-7.45
Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis is characterized by the following except:
Associated with a poor prognosis as it often leads to CKD
(the prognosis is good when underlying cause is treated)
Which of the following is characteristic of chronic transplant rejection?
it involves humoral immunity
Which of the following is true of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol?
It is the active form of vitamin D, converted in the liver
, A patient is said to be in stage 3a kidney disease. What would you expect their GFR to
be?
70 mL/min/1.73m2
Which of the following is true regarding tubular secretion?
H+ is secreted in the intercalated cells
A decrease in Na+ reabsorption is achieved through the action of which of the following?
diuretics
In the nephron, the mass of capillaries surrounded by an epithelial capsule that opens
into a tubule is collectively referred to as the _______.
renal corpuscle
(glomerulus also accepted as correct)
The formation of erythropoietin is preceded by low levels of _______.
oxygen
The __________ has the largest impact on pH control.
renal control mechanism
A person who has a blood Mg2+ concentration of 1.2 mg/dL. Is considered to have
_______.
hypomagnesemia
_______ failure is caused by conditions that damage the structures within the kidney.
intrarenal
T/F, if False make the statement True
When blood pressure rises, the enzyme renin is released by the juxtaglomerular (JG)
cells of the nephron.
False. When blood pressure drops, the enzyme renin is released by the juxtaglomerular
cells of the nephron.
T/F, if False make the statement True
Hyperkalemia can be caused by movement of K+ from the ECF to the ICF compartment.
False, hyperkalemia can be cause by the movement of K+ from the ICF to the ECF
compartment.
Explain why renal flow is decreased with sympathetic activity.
Sympathetic activity diverts blood to the heart, brain, and skeletal muscles. During these
times the renal autoregulatory system may be superseded by nervous system control. In
this event, a narrowing of the afferent arteriole is caused by sympathetic nerve fibers
followed by a release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla which leads to a
