CMSRN EXAM BUNDLED PRACTICE TESTS
2026 TESTED QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ what type of sodium imbalance is caused by decreased fluid intake or
water loss without loss of sodium? Answer: hypernatremia
⩥ causes of hypernatremia. Answer: fever, IVF with sodium, DI, high
protein TF
⩥ symptoms of hypernatremia. Answer: dry tissues, weight gain, thirst,
tachycardia, oliguria
⩥ treatment of hypernatremia. Answer: decrease sodium, replace fluids
⩥ which electrolyte does sodium work with? Answer: chloride - works
to maintain acid/base balance
⩥ which labs are most important to watch with potassium abnormalities?
Answer: renal
⩥ what does potassium have an inverse relationship with? Answer: PH,
insulin, calcium
,⩥ causes of hyperkalemia Answer: cell wall destruction, increased
intake, potassium sparing diuretics, renal failure, acidosis
⩥ symptoms of hyperkalemia Answer: irritable muscles, cardiac
arrhythmias, hyperactive bowels, bladder
⩥ treatment of hyperkalemia Answer: limit intake, kaexylate, calcium
gluconate, IV glucose and insulin, dialysis
⩥ what electrolyte imbalance should you avoid green leafy vegetables
and citrus fruits? Answer: hyperkalemia
⩥ what electrolyte are avocado, dried fruits, and potato skins high in?
Answer: potassium
⩥ causes of hypokalemia Answer: vomiting, diarrhea, DKA, prolonged
NG suction, burns, potassium wasting diuretics
⩥ symptoms of hypokalemia Answer: muscle flaccidity and weakness,
constipation, alkalosis, shallow respirations, cardiac arrest
⩥ treatment for hypokalemia Answer: potassium supplements, monitor
magnesium levels
,⩥ normal calcium level Answer: 9-10.5
⩥ where is calcium stored? Answer: bones
⩥ what vitamin is important for calcium absorption Answer: Vitamin D
⩥ what does calcium have an inverse relationship with? Answer:
phosphorous
⩥ which electrolyte imbalance increases bleeding risk? Answer:
hypocalcemia
⩥ causes for hypercalcemia Answer: cancer, bone mets,
hyperparathyroidism, excessive vitamin D, thiazide diuretics,
parathyroid tumor
⩥ symptoms of hypercalcemia Answer: sedation, lethargy, hypoactive
reflexes, slurred speech, impaired memory (decreased LOC/CNS
sympstoms), renal stones
⩥ treatment for hypercalcemia Answer: decrease intake, encourage
fluids, loop diuretics, phosphate administration
, ⩥ causes of hypocalcemia Answer: decreased intake, decreased vitamin
D, increased phosphate levels, renal disease, pacreatitis, alcoholism,
pregnancy
⩥ symptoms of hypocalcemia Answer: chvosteks, trousseaus,
laryngospasm, tingling in fingers/toes/lips, coagulopathy
⩥ treatment of hypocalcemia Answer: increased intake, vitamin D, IV
calcium gluconate, phosphate binding antacids
⩥ sign of hypocalcemia that causes twitching of face if you tap the front
of the ear? Answer: chvosteks sign
⩥ sign of hypocalcemia that causes carpal tunnel/turning in of hands?
Answer: trousseaus sign
⩥ normal level of phosphate Answer: 3-4.5
⩥ symptoms of this electrolyte imbalance are opposite of calcium since
it has an inverse relationship Answer: phosphate
⩥ Normal level of magnesium Answer: 1.3-2.1
⩥ Normal level of sodium Answer: 135-145
2026 TESTED QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ what type of sodium imbalance is caused by decreased fluid intake or
water loss without loss of sodium? Answer: hypernatremia
⩥ causes of hypernatremia. Answer: fever, IVF with sodium, DI, high
protein TF
⩥ symptoms of hypernatremia. Answer: dry tissues, weight gain, thirst,
tachycardia, oliguria
⩥ treatment of hypernatremia. Answer: decrease sodium, replace fluids
⩥ which electrolyte does sodium work with? Answer: chloride - works
to maintain acid/base balance
⩥ which labs are most important to watch with potassium abnormalities?
Answer: renal
⩥ what does potassium have an inverse relationship with? Answer: PH,
insulin, calcium
,⩥ causes of hyperkalemia Answer: cell wall destruction, increased
intake, potassium sparing diuretics, renal failure, acidosis
⩥ symptoms of hyperkalemia Answer: irritable muscles, cardiac
arrhythmias, hyperactive bowels, bladder
⩥ treatment of hyperkalemia Answer: limit intake, kaexylate, calcium
gluconate, IV glucose and insulin, dialysis
⩥ what electrolyte imbalance should you avoid green leafy vegetables
and citrus fruits? Answer: hyperkalemia
⩥ what electrolyte are avocado, dried fruits, and potato skins high in?
Answer: potassium
⩥ causes of hypokalemia Answer: vomiting, diarrhea, DKA, prolonged
NG suction, burns, potassium wasting diuretics
⩥ symptoms of hypokalemia Answer: muscle flaccidity and weakness,
constipation, alkalosis, shallow respirations, cardiac arrest
⩥ treatment for hypokalemia Answer: potassium supplements, monitor
magnesium levels
,⩥ normal calcium level Answer: 9-10.5
⩥ where is calcium stored? Answer: bones
⩥ what vitamin is important for calcium absorption Answer: Vitamin D
⩥ what does calcium have an inverse relationship with? Answer:
phosphorous
⩥ which electrolyte imbalance increases bleeding risk? Answer:
hypocalcemia
⩥ causes for hypercalcemia Answer: cancer, bone mets,
hyperparathyroidism, excessive vitamin D, thiazide diuretics,
parathyroid tumor
⩥ symptoms of hypercalcemia Answer: sedation, lethargy, hypoactive
reflexes, slurred speech, impaired memory (decreased LOC/CNS
sympstoms), renal stones
⩥ treatment for hypercalcemia Answer: decrease intake, encourage
fluids, loop diuretics, phosphate administration
, ⩥ causes of hypocalcemia Answer: decreased intake, decreased vitamin
D, increased phosphate levels, renal disease, pacreatitis, alcoholism,
pregnancy
⩥ symptoms of hypocalcemia Answer: chvosteks, trousseaus,
laryngospasm, tingling in fingers/toes/lips, coagulopathy
⩥ treatment of hypocalcemia Answer: increased intake, vitamin D, IV
calcium gluconate, phosphate binding antacids
⩥ sign of hypocalcemia that causes twitching of face if you tap the front
of the ear? Answer: chvosteks sign
⩥ sign of hypocalcemia that causes carpal tunnel/turning in of hands?
Answer: trousseaus sign
⩥ normal level of phosphate Answer: 3-4.5
⩥ symptoms of this electrolyte imbalance are opposite of calcium since
it has an inverse relationship Answer: phosphate
⩥ Normal level of magnesium Answer: 1.3-2.1
⩥ Normal level of sodium Answer: 135-145
