Psychology Exam Review with Solutions, Exams of Psychology
Chapter 1: Psychology: The Evolution of a Science - ANSWER...
What is psychology? What is the mind? What is behavior? -
ANSWERPsychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior
Mind is our private inner experience of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and
feelings
Behavior is the observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals
What are the three key questions in psychology? - ANSWER1. What are the
bases of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and feelings, or our subjective
senses of self?
2. How does the mind usually allow us to function effectively in the world?
3. Why does the mind occasionally function so ineffectively?
What is the nativism? What is philosophical empiricism? Which reflects
"nature" and which reflects "nurture" in the nature- nurture debate? -
,ANSWERNativism is the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge
are innate or inborn
Philosophical empiricism is the philosophical view that all knowledge is
acquired through experience.
Although few modern psychologists believe that nativism or empiricism is
entirely correct, the issue of just how much "nature" and "nurture" explain
any given behavior is still a matter of controversy.
What is phrenology? How did work with brain damaged patients help
establish a mind- body connection? - ANSWERPhrenology is a now defunct
theory that specific mental abilities and characteristics, ranging from memory
to the capacity for happiness, are localized in specific regions of the brain.
When Paul Broca worked with a patient who had suffered damage to a small
part of the left side of the brain the patient was virtually unable to speak yet
was able to understand everything that was said and could communicate
using gestures. Broca had the crucial insight that damage to a specific part of
the brain impaired a specific mental function, clearly demonstrating that the
mind and body are linked
Psychology has its roots in philosophy- from which it drew the questions it
tries to ANSWER- and physiology. What is physiology? - ANSWERPhysiology is
the study of biological processes, especially in the human body
Who is credited as being the founder of psychology including teaching its first
course in 1867 and opening its first lab? - ANSWERWilhelm Wundt
What is consciousness? How did Wundt study consciousness using stimuli
and reaction time? What is structuralism? What is introspection? What is the
problem with using introspection as a research method? -
ANSWERConsciousness is a person's subjective experience of the world and
the mind.To study consciousness Wundt and his students adopted an
, approach called structuralism, which is the analysis of the basic elements that
constitute the mind. Some of Wundt's studies used the method of
introspection, which involves the subjective observation of one's own
experiment.
In a typical experiment, research participants were presented with a stimulus,
and asked to report their introspections. By analyzing the relation between
feelings and perceptual sensations, Wundt and his students hoped to uncover
the basic structure of conscious experience.
The problem with using introspection is that science requires replicable
observations.
What is functionalism? How did William James differ from Wundt in how he
believed consciousness should be studied? Which man thought
consciousness was a stream? Which man thought it could be broken up? -
ANSWERFunctionalism is the study of the purpose of mental processes serve
in enabling people to adapt to their environment.
James agreed with Wundt of some points, but disagreed with his claim that
consciousness could be broken down into separate elements. James believed
that trying to isolate and analyze a particular moment of consciousness
distorted the essential nature of consciousness.
"Consciousness was more like a flowing stream than a bundle of separate
elements" -William James and also thought that it can be broken up
What is natural selection? - ANSWERNatural selection is Charles Darwin's
theory that the features of an organism that help it survive and reproduce are
more likely to be passed on to subsequent generations
What is hysteria? What is the unconscious? What is the emphasis in Freud's
psychoanalytic theory? What is psychoanalysis? What were some criticisms
of Freud's approach (page 14)? - ANSWERHysteria is a temporary loss of
Chapter 1: Psychology: The Evolution of a Science - ANSWER...
What is psychology? What is the mind? What is behavior? -
ANSWERPsychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior
Mind is our private inner experience of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and
feelings
Behavior is the observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals
What are the three key questions in psychology? - ANSWER1. What are the
bases of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and feelings, or our subjective
senses of self?
2. How does the mind usually allow us to function effectively in the world?
3. Why does the mind occasionally function so ineffectively?
What is the nativism? What is philosophical empiricism? Which reflects
"nature" and which reflects "nurture" in the nature- nurture debate? -
,ANSWERNativism is the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge
are innate or inborn
Philosophical empiricism is the philosophical view that all knowledge is
acquired through experience.
Although few modern psychologists believe that nativism or empiricism is
entirely correct, the issue of just how much "nature" and "nurture" explain
any given behavior is still a matter of controversy.
What is phrenology? How did work with brain damaged patients help
establish a mind- body connection? - ANSWERPhrenology is a now defunct
theory that specific mental abilities and characteristics, ranging from memory
to the capacity for happiness, are localized in specific regions of the brain.
When Paul Broca worked with a patient who had suffered damage to a small
part of the left side of the brain the patient was virtually unable to speak yet
was able to understand everything that was said and could communicate
using gestures. Broca had the crucial insight that damage to a specific part of
the brain impaired a specific mental function, clearly demonstrating that the
mind and body are linked
Psychology has its roots in philosophy- from which it drew the questions it
tries to ANSWER- and physiology. What is physiology? - ANSWERPhysiology is
the study of biological processes, especially in the human body
Who is credited as being the founder of psychology including teaching its first
course in 1867 and opening its first lab? - ANSWERWilhelm Wundt
What is consciousness? How did Wundt study consciousness using stimuli
and reaction time? What is structuralism? What is introspection? What is the
problem with using introspection as a research method? -
ANSWERConsciousness is a person's subjective experience of the world and
the mind.To study consciousness Wundt and his students adopted an
, approach called structuralism, which is the analysis of the basic elements that
constitute the mind. Some of Wundt's studies used the method of
introspection, which involves the subjective observation of one's own
experiment.
In a typical experiment, research participants were presented with a stimulus,
and asked to report their introspections. By analyzing the relation between
feelings and perceptual sensations, Wundt and his students hoped to uncover
the basic structure of conscious experience.
The problem with using introspection is that science requires replicable
observations.
What is functionalism? How did William James differ from Wundt in how he
believed consciousness should be studied? Which man thought
consciousness was a stream? Which man thought it could be broken up? -
ANSWERFunctionalism is the study of the purpose of mental processes serve
in enabling people to adapt to their environment.
James agreed with Wundt of some points, but disagreed with his claim that
consciousness could be broken down into separate elements. James believed
that trying to isolate and analyze a particular moment of consciousness
distorted the essential nature of consciousness.
"Consciousness was more like a flowing stream than a bundle of separate
elements" -William James and also thought that it can be broken up
What is natural selection? - ANSWERNatural selection is Charles Darwin's
theory that the features of an organism that help it survive and reproduce are
more likely to be passed on to subsequent generations
What is hysteria? What is the unconscious? What is the emphasis in Freud's
psychoanalytic theory? What is psychoanalysis? What were some criticisms
of Freud's approach (page 14)? - ANSWERHysteria is a temporary loss of
