Microbiology for INBDE Exam
UPDATED Study Guide
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Actinomyces sp. - CORRECT ANSWERS Known to contribute to the
initiation and progression of caries, especially root caries.
Streptococcus mutans - CORRECT ANSWERS A predominant bacteria
in dental plaque and the primary pathogen of dental caries. Acidogenic and
produces an enzyme that contributes to the adherent properties of dental plaque.
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans - CORRECT ANSWERS
Green complex bacteria that can invade the gingival epithelium and is
associated with aggressive periodontitis.
Fusobacterium sp. - CORRECT ANSWERS Orange complex bacteria
that may act as a bridge between early and late colonizing bacteria in plaque.
Porphyromonas gingivalis - CORRECT ANSWERS Red complex
bacteria that is a common constituent of subgingival calculus and involved in
the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis.
Prevotella intermedia - CORRECT ANSWERS Orange complex
bacteria associated with pregnancy gingivitis and commonly found in
periodontal abscesses.
Tannerella forsythia - CORRECT ANSWERS Red complex bacteria
associated with chronic periodontitis, inhabits subgingival areas, and initiates
, connective tissue destruction and alveolar bone resorption in periodontal
disease.
Treponema denticola - CORRECT ANSWERS Red complex bacteria
associated with acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and periodontitis
(ANUG/ANUP).
Enterococcus faecalis - CORRECT ANSWERS Bacteria associated with
failed root canals and can resist intracanal medications and irrigants (e.g.,
calcium hydroxide).
Staphylococcus aureus - CORRECT ANSWERS Typically a normal
colonizer of skin, associated with aggressive and severe infective endocarditis if
it enters the bloodstream.
Streptococcus sanguinis - CORRECT ANSWERS Yellow complex
bacteria typically associated with healthy plaque biofilm, can cause
disseminated infection if it enters the bloodstream, including infective
endocarditis, and belongs to the group Viridans streptococci.
Clostridium difficile - CORRECT ANSWERS Causes infection of the
colon, most commonly after the use of antibiotics, with clindamycin being the
antibiotic most frequently associated with it.
difficile infection - CORRECT ANSWERS A bacterial infection caused
by Clostridium difficile, often leading to severe diarrhea.
Escherichia coli - CORRECT ANSWERS A bacterium found in the
intestines of healthy individuals that can cause urinary tract infections, colitis,
meningitis, and gastroenteritis.
UPDATED Study Guide
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Actinomyces sp. - CORRECT ANSWERS Known to contribute to the
initiation and progression of caries, especially root caries.
Streptococcus mutans - CORRECT ANSWERS A predominant bacteria
in dental plaque and the primary pathogen of dental caries. Acidogenic and
produces an enzyme that contributes to the adherent properties of dental plaque.
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans - CORRECT ANSWERS
Green complex bacteria that can invade the gingival epithelium and is
associated with aggressive periodontitis.
Fusobacterium sp. - CORRECT ANSWERS Orange complex bacteria
that may act as a bridge between early and late colonizing bacteria in plaque.
Porphyromonas gingivalis - CORRECT ANSWERS Red complex
bacteria that is a common constituent of subgingival calculus and involved in
the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis.
Prevotella intermedia - CORRECT ANSWERS Orange complex
bacteria associated with pregnancy gingivitis and commonly found in
periodontal abscesses.
Tannerella forsythia - CORRECT ANSWERS Red complex bacteria
associated with chronic periodontitis, inhabits subgingival areas, and initiates
, connective tissue destruction and alveolar bone resorption in periodontal
disease.
Treponema denticola - CORRECT ANSWERS Red complex bacteria
associated with acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and periodontitis
(ANUG/ANUP).
Enterococcus faecalis - CORRECT ANSWERS Bacteria associated with
failed root canals and can resist intracanal medications and irrigants (e.g.,
calcium hydroxide).
Staphylococcus aureus - CORRECT ANSWERS Typically a normal
colonizer of skin, associated with aggressive and severe infective endocarditis if
it enters the bloodstream.
Streptococcus sanguinis - CORRECT ANSWERS Yellow complex
bacteria typically associated with healthy plaque biofilm, can cause
disseminated infection if it enters the bloodstream, including infective
endocarditis, and belongs to the group Viridans streptococci.
Clostridium difficile - CORRECT ANSWERS Causes infection of the
colon, most commonly after the use of antibiotics, with clindamycin being the
antibiotic most frequently associated with it.
difficile infection - CORRECT ANSWERS A bacterial infection caused
by Clostridium difficile, often leading to severe diarrhea.
Escherichia coli - CORRECT ANSWERS A bacterium found in the
intestines of healthy individuals that can cause urinary tract infections, colitis,
meningitis, and gastroenteritis.
