UNCW OCN 150 EXAM 1 2025/26 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.

What are the differences between latitude and longitude? - CORRECT ANSWERLatitude lines run east-west around earth and provide the north-south location. Longitude lines run north-south around earth and provide east-west location. (decreases as you approach the poles) What are the different chemical and physical layers of the earth? - CORRECT ANSWER-core, mantle, crust, ocean, atmosphere. What are the general characteristics of each layer? (relative temperature, density, composition, strength) - CORRECT ANSWER-Core: Made primarily of metals (outer core is liquid metal) Mantle: Made primarily of rocks (less dense than core) Ocean: Very thin compared to the others. Relatively high density. Atmosphere:? What causes plates to move? - CORRECT ANSWER-Convection currents in mantle, ridge push (occurs at mid ocean ridge), slab pull (because the oceanic plate is denser than the hotter mantle beneath it, this contrast in density causes the plate to sink into the mantle.) What are the three types of plate boundaries? - CORRECT ANSWER-convergent, divergent, transform Describe the interactions at different boundaries. - CORRECT ANSWERconstructive; extension at divergent boundary. destructive; composition (subduction) at convergent boundary. Transform is no subduction. Plates sliding past each other. What features are generated at the different boundaries and label them? - CORRECT ANSWER-volcanoes, trenches, spreading ridges, island arcs, mantle plumes, describe hot spot island formation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Sources of heat energy exist under plates, not just at boundaries If they break through, volcanoes can form and these can separate through plate tectonics and plumes. describe types of evidence of plate tectonics? - CORRECT ANSWER-earthquake patterns, paleomagnetism, fossils, glaciers, mountain rangesunderstand how the age of the seafloor crust varies across the ocean? - CORRECT ANSWER-The sea floor is the youngest at the mid atlantic ridge, and the oldest along the continents. This is because new sea floor is being created and pushed aside by plate tectonics. be able to identify the four parts of a continental margin - CORRECT ANSWERContinental shelf: The shallow, submerged edge of the continent. Continental Slopes: the transition between the continental shelf and the deep ocean floor. Shelf break: the abrupt transition from the continental shelf to the continental slope. Continental rises: accumulated sediments found at the base of the continental slope. What is the average depth of the ocean? - CORRECT ANSWER-4000 meters What the main ocean basins and how do they differ in size? - CORRECT ANSWER-Pacific: Largest and deepest Atlantic: shallower, half the size of pacific ocean Indian: similiar depth but smaller than atlantic, primarily in the southern hemisphere Arctic: seven percent the size of pacific, shallowest world ocean, permanene tlayer of sea ice a few meters thick Southern ocean or antarctic ocean: surrounds antarctica, parts of pacticic, Atlantic and indians oceans of 50 degrees S latitude