Cardiac Exam 1 with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Latest Update |Already Graded A+
22. The nurse is caring for a client with mitral valve stenosis. What clinical manifestation alerts the
nurse to the possibility that the client's stenosis has progressed?
a. Oxygen saturation of 92%
b. Dyspnea on exertion
c. Muted systolic murmur
d. Upper extremity weakness ✔Correct Answer-B
Dyspnea on exertion develops as the mitral valvular orifice narrows and pressure in the lungs
increases.
23. The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with aortic stenosis. What assessment finding does the
nurse expect in this client?
a. Bounding arterial pulse
b. Slow, faint arterial pulse
c. Narrowed pulse pressure
d. Elevated systolic pressure ✔Correct Answer-C
In aortic stenosis, the client presents with narrowed pulse pressure when blood pressure (BP) is
assessed.
24. A client who has had a prosthetic valve replacement asks the nurse why he must take
anticoagulants for the rest of his life. What is the nurse's best response?
a. "The prosthetic valve places you at greater risk for a heart attack."
b. "Blood clots form more easily in artificial replacement valves."
c. "The vein taken from your leg reduces circulation in the leg."
d. "The surgery left a lot of small clots in your heart and lungs." ✔Correct Answer-B
Synthetic valve prostheses and scar tissue provide surfaces on which platelets can aggregate easily
and initiate the formation of blood clots.
25. The nurse is discharging a client home following mitral valve replacement. What statement
indicates that the client requires further education?
a. "I will be able to carry heavy loads after 6 months of rest."
b. "I will have my teeth cleaned by the dentist in 2 weeks."
c. "I will avoid eating foods high in vitamin K, like spinach."
d. "I will use an electric razor instead of a straight razor to shave." ✔Correct Answer-B
Clients who have defective or repaired valves are at high risk for endocarditis. The client who has had
valve surgery should avoid dental procedures for 6 months because of the risk for endocarditis.
When undergoing any invasive procedure, the client needs to be placed on prophylactic antibiotics.
26. The nurse is obtaining the admission health history for a young adult who presents with fever,
dyspnea, and a murmur. What priority data does the nurse inquire about?
a. Family history of coronary artery disease
b. Recent travel to Third World countries
c. Pet ownership, especially cats with litter boxes
d. History of a systemic infection within the past month ✔Correct Answer-D
The clinical manifestations suggest infective endocarditis, which can occur within 2 to 4 weeks after a
systemic infection or bacteremia. Assessing for coronary artery disease, recent travel, or pet
ownership is not related to endocarditis.
, 35. An older adult client is admitted with fluid volume excess. Which diagnostic study does the nurse
facilitate as a priority?
a. Echocardiography
b. Chest x-ray
c. T4 and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d. Arterial blood gas ✔Correct Answer-A
Echocardiography is considered the best tool for the diagnosis of heart failure. A chest x-ray probably
will be done, and if the client has dyspnea, an arterial blood gas will be drawn, but the
echocardiogram is the priority. T4 and TSH might be ordered to assess for a contributing cause of
heart failure.
1. The nurse is taking the history of a client with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Which
situation correlates with stable angina?
a. Chest discomfort at rest and inability to tolerate mowing the lawn
b. Chest discomfort when mowing the lawn and subsiding with rest
c. Indigestion and a choking sensation when mowing the lawn
d. Jaw pain that radiates to the shoulder after mowing the lawn ✔Correct Answer-B
The client with stable angina reports chest discomfort that occurs with moderate, prolonged
exertion. This discomfort is typically relieved with nitroglycerin or rest. The other experiences do not
correlate with stable angina.
2. The nurse is assessing a client who has a history of stable angina. The client describes a recent
increase in the number of attacks and in the intensity of the pain. Which question does the nurse ask
to assess the client's change in condition?
a. "How many cigarettes do you smoke daily?"
b. "Do you have pain when you are resting?"
c. "Do you have abdominal pain or nausea?"
d. "How frequently are you having chest pain?" ✔Correct Answer-B
An increase in the number of anginal attacks and an increase in the intensity of pain characterize
unstable angina. Chest pain or discomfort also occurs at rest. The nurse should assess for this
characteristic of unstable angina. The other questions would not be helpful in assessing for unstable
angina.
3. The community health nurse assesses clients at a health fair. Which statement assists the nurse to
identify modifiable risk factors in clients with coronary artery disease?
a. "Would you please state your full name and birth date?"
b. "Have you ever had an exercise tolerance stress test?"
c. "In what activities do you participate on a daily basis?"
d. "Does anyone in your family have a history of heart disease?" ✔Correct Answer-C
Modifiable risk factors can be altered or controlled. Cigarette smoking and a sedentary lifestyle are
examples of behaviors that are modifiable. Nonmodifiable factors are personal elements that cannot
be altered or controlled (e.g., age, gender, family history). A stress test would not provide any
information about risk factors.
4. The nurse teaches a client who is newly diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which instruction
does the nurse include to minimize complications of this disease?
a. "Rest is the best medicine at this time. Do not start an exercise program."
b. "You are a man; therefore there is nothing you can do to minimize your risks."
c. "You should talk to your provider about medications to help you quit smoking."
d. "Decreasing the carbohydrates in your diet will help you lose weight." ✔Correct Answer-C
Answers |Latest Update |Already Graded A+
22. The nurse is caring for a client with mitral valve stenosis. What clinical manifestation alerts the
nurse to the possibility that the client's stenosis has progressed?
a. Oxygen saturation of 92%
b. Dyspnea on exertion
c. Muted systolic murmur
d. Upper extremity weakness ✔Correct Answer-B
Dyspnea on exertion develops as the mitral valvular orifice narrows and pressure in the lungs
increases.
23. The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with aortic stenosis. What assessment finding does the
nurse expect in this client?
a. Bounding arterial pulse
b. Slow, faint arterial pulse
c. Narrowed pulse pressure
d. Elevated systolic pressure ✔Correct Answer-C
In aortic stenosis, the client presents with narrowed pulse pressure when blood pressure (BP) is
assessed.
24. A client who has had a prosthetic valve replacement asks the nurse why he must take
anticoagulants for the rest of his life. What is the nurse's best response?
a. "The prosthetic valve places you at greater risk for a heart attack."
b. "Blood clots form more easily in artificial replacement valves."
c. "The vein taken from your leg reduces circulation in the leg."
d. "The surgery left a lot of small clots in your heart and lungs." ✔Correct Answer-B
Synthetic valve prostheses and scar tissue provide surfaces on which platelets can aggregate easily
and initiate the formation of blood clots.
25. The nurse is discharging a client home following mitral valve replacement. What statement
indicates that the client requires further education?
a. "I will be able to carry heavy loads after 6 months of rest."
b. "I will have my teeth cleaned by the dentist in 2 weeks."
c. "I will avoid eating foods high in vitamin K, like spinach."
d. "I will use an electric razor instead of a straight razor to shave." ✔Correct Answer-B
Clients who have defective or repaired valves are at high risk for endocarditis. The client who has had
valve surgery should avoid dental procedures for 6 months because of the risk for endocarditis.
When undergoing any invasive procedure, the client needs to be placed on prophylactic antibiotics.
26. The nurse is obtaining the admission health history for a young adult who presents with fever,
dyspnea, and a murmur. What priority data does the nurse inquire about?
a. Family history of coronary artery disease
b. Recent travel to Third World countries
c. Pet ownership, especially cats with litter boxes
d. History of a systemic infection within the past month ✔Correct Answer-D
The clinical manifestations suggest infective endocarditis, which can occur within 2 to 4 weeks after a
systemic infection or bacteremia. Assessing for coronary artery disease, recent travel, or pet
ownership is not related to endocarditis.
, 35. An older adult client is admitted with fluid volume excess. Which diagnostic study does the nurse
facilitate as a priority?
a. Echocardiography
b. Chest x-ray
c. T4 and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
d. Arterial blood gas ✔Correct Answer-A
Echocardiography is considered the best tool for the diagnosis of heart failure. A chest x-ray probably
will be done, and if the client has dyspnea, an arterial blood gas will be drawn, but the
echocardiogram is the priority. T4 and TSH might be ordered to assess for a contributing cause of
heart failure.
1. The nurse is taking the history of a client with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Which
situation correlates with stable angina?
a. Chest discomfort at rest and inability to tolerate mowing the lawn
b. Chest discomfort when mowing the lawn and subsiding with rest
c. Indigestion and a choking sensation when mowing the lawn
d. Jaw pain that radiates to the shoulder after mowing the lawn ✔Correct Answer-B
The client with stable angina reports chest discomfort that occurs with moderate, prolonged
exertion. This discomfort is typically relieved with nitroglycerin or rest. The other experiences do not
correlate with stable angina.
2. The nurse is assessing a client who has a history of stable angina. The client describes a recent
increase in the number of attacks and in the intensity of the pain. Which question does the nurse ask
to assess the client's change in condition?
a. "How many cigarettes do you smoke daily?"
b. "Do you have pain when you are resting?"
c. "Do you have abdominal pain or nausea?"
d. "How frequently are you having chest pain?" ✔Correct Answer-B
An increase in the number of anginal attacks and an increase in the intensity of pain characterize
unstable angina. Chest pain or discomfort also occurs at rest. The nurse should assess for this
characteristic of unstable angina. The other questions would not be helpful in assessing for unstable
angina.
3. The community health nurse assesses clients at a health fair. Which statement assists the nurse to
identify modifiable risk factors in clients with coronary artery disease?
a. "Would you please state your full name and birth date?"
b. "Have you ever had an exercise tolerance stress test?"
c. "In what activities do you participate on a daily basis?"
d. "Does anyone in your family have a history of heart disease?" ✔Correct Answer-C
Modifiable risk factors can be altered or controlled. Cigarette smoking and a sedentary lifestyle are
examples of behaviors that are modifiable. Nonmodifiable factors are personal elements that cannot
be altered or controlled (e.g., age, gender, family history). A stress test would not provide any
information about risk factors.
4. The nurse teaches a client who is newly diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Which instruction
does the nurse include to minimize complications of this disease?
a. "Rest is the best medicine at this time. Do not start an exercise program."
b. "You are a man; therefore there is nothing you can do to minimize your risks."
c. "You should talk to your provider about medications to help you quit smoking."
d. "Decreasing the carbohydrates in your diet will help you lose weight." ✔Correct Answer-C
